Abstract: Herein disclosed is a mucoadhesive including a bacterial cellulose, and a bioadhesive incorporated to the bacterial cellulose, wherein the bioadhesive comprises a polymer or a dendrimer, wherein the polymer and the dend rimer are grafted with a moiety which forms covalent interactions with a tissue surface in the presence of a stimulus. A method of forming the mucoadhesive is also disclosed. The method includes providing a bacterial cellulose, providing a bioadhesive comprising a polymer or a dendrimer, wherein the polymer and the dendrimer are grafted with a moiety which forms covalent interactions with a tissue surface in the presence of a stimulus, and incorporating the bioadhesive to the bacterial cellulose. In the preferred embodiment, the dendrimer grafted with the moiety is Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer grafted with 4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-3H-diazirin-3-yl] benzyl bromide (PAMAM-g-diazirine) and the stimulus is UV light.