Abstract: An optical article, such as a spectacle lens, includes, on a substrate, a photochromic layer containing a photochromic dye and a resin component, and a protective film. The indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction is less than or equal to the indentation hardness of the surface of the substrate. The result of multiplying the indentation hardness of the protective film in the thickness direction and the thickness of the protective film is five-hundredths or more times and one or less times the result of multiplying the indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction and the thickness of the photochromic layer.

Abstract: An optical article, such as a spectacle lens, includes, on a substrate, a photochromic layer containing a photochromic dye and a resin component, and a protective layer. The indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction is in a range from 0.1 to 10 mgf/?m2. The value defined by the indentation hardness of the protective layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the protective layer is five or more times and nine thousand or less times the value defined by the indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the photochromic layer.

Abstract: A polarizing film having a molded shape, in which a difference in average transmittance of the polarizing film at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is 5% or less before and after molding the shape of the polarizing film. In addition, when molding the polarizing film into a shape such as a curved surface, the polarizing film is heat-treated in a temperature range of Tg?20° C. or higher and Tg+10° C. or lower, where Tg is a glass transition point of a resin constituting the polarizing film. Further, one chamber is divided into a first space and a second space by the polarizing film disposed in the chamber, and the polarizing film is transfer-molded along a molding surface by a differential pressure generated by making a pressure in the first space and a pressure in the second space different from each other.

Abstract: An optical article, such as a spectacle lens, includes, on a substrate, a photochromic layer containing a photochromic dye and a resin component, and a protective layer. The indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction is in a range from 0.1 to 10 mgf/?m2. The value defined by the indentation hardness of the protective layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the protective layer is five or more times and nine thousand or less times the value defined by the indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the photochromic layer.

Abstract: An optical article, such as a spectacle lens, includes, on a substrate, a photochromic layer containing a photochromic dye and a resin component, and a protective film. The indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction is less than or equal to the indentation hardness of the surface of the substrate. The result of multiplying the indentation hardness of the protective film in the thickness direction and the thickness of the protective film is five-hundredths or more times and one or less times the result of multiplying the indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction and the thickness of the photochromic layer.

Abstract: An ion gun system includes an ion gun for irradiating an ion beam; an electric power supply unit for supplying electric power to the ion gun; two mass flow regulators for introducing each of two types of gas in the ion gun; a control unit connected to the electric power supply unit for working as ion gun control means for controlling electric power supplied to the ion gun from the electric power supply unit; and a control unit connected to the mass flow regulators for working as mass flow control means for controlling the flow rate of gas introduced from the mass flow regulators in the ion gun. The control unit as mass flow control means is provided with a function of changing the set value for the flow rate of each of the two types of gas to another set value by changing it stepwise within a range where the ion gun is working stably. Accordingly, shortening of film formation time can be attained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plastic lens capable of suppressing deformation while having a photochromic film. A plastic lens according to the present invention is configured to include a plastic substrate formed in a meniscus shape with a concave surface and a convex surface, a photochromic film provided on the convex surface of the plastic substrate, and a stress compensation film provided on the concave surface of the plastic substrate.

Abstract: A process for producing a thin film and an optical member which are free from discoloration of a lens and exhibit a good antistatic property and a good water repellency. The thin film is formed by a vacuum deposition of a water repellent solution which contains (a) a water repellent having a perfluoroalkyl group, (b) a mixture of a silane coupling agent, a modified silicone oil introduced with an organic group into its side chain and/or both terminal ends, and a perfluoroether compound, and (c) at least one conductive substance selected from the group consisting of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphite compounds.

Abstract: An ion gun system includes an ion gun for irradiating an ion beam; an electric power supply unit for supplying electric power to the ion gun; two mass flow regulators for introducing each of two types of gas in the ion gun; a control unit connected to the electric power supply unit for working as ion gun control means for controlling electric power supplied to the ion gun from the electric power supply unit; and a control unit connected to the mass flow regulators for working as mass flow control means for controlling the flow rate of gas introduced from the mass flow regulators in the ion gun. The control unit as mass flow control means is provided with a function of changing the set value for the flow rate of each of the two types of gas to another set value by changing it stepwise within a range where the ion gun is working stably. Accordingly, shortening of film formation time can be attained.

Abstract: A process for producing a thin film and an optical member which are free from discoloration of a lens and exhibit a good antistatic property and a good water repellency. The thin film is formed by a vacuum deposition of a water repellent solution which contains (a) a water repellent having a perfluoroalkyl group, (b) a mixture of a silane coupling agent, a modified silicone oil introduced with an organic group into its side chain and/or both terminal ends, and a perfluoroether compound, and (c) at least one conductive substance selected from the group consisting of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphite compounds.