Abstract: An insulating sleeve 6 made of ceramic hermetically fixed into an opening in a terminal supporting plate 7 in a battery sheath made of metal, a positive terminal 4 made of an aluminum alloy or negative terminal 5 made of a copper alloy is inserted in the insulating sleeve, and a metallic ring is fitted over the positive terminal 4 or negative terminal 5. The inner edge of the metallic ring 11 and the positive terminal 4 or negative terminal 5 are hermetically fixed to each other by an aluminum-based brazing metal 8 or copper-based brazing metal 9, and the outer edge of the metallic ring 11 and the insulating sleeve 6 are hermetically fixed to each other by an aluminum-based brazing metal 8 or copper-based brazing metal 9.

Abstract: An insulating sleeve 6 made of ceramic hermetically fixed into an opening in a terminal supporting plate 7 in a battery sheath made of metal, a positive terminal 4 made of an aluminum alloy or negative terminal 5 made of a copper alloy is inserted in the insulating sleeve, and a metallic ring is fitted over the positive terminal 4 or negative terminal 5. The inner edge of the metallic ring 11 and the positive terminal 4 or negative terminal 5 are hermetically fixed to each other by an aluminum-based brazing metal 8 or copper-based brazing metal 9, and the outer edge of the metallic ring 11 and the insulating sleeve 6 are hermetically fixed to each other by an aluminum-based brazing metal 8 or copper-based brazing metal 9.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid battery which includes a container accommodating an assembled element. The assembled element has at least one electrochemically formed positive plate having a grid of an antimony-free alloy, wherein the plate is made of porous active material. The assembled element also includes at least one electrochemically formed negative plate having a grid of an antimony-free lead alloy, wherein the plate is made of a porous active material. A separator, having a plurality of projections on one or both side thereof, is inserted between the positive and negative plates. A layer of powder is placed between the positive and negative plates and around the assembled element. The powder is composed of a closely packed powder, which is acid-resistant and hydrophilic, and has gas channels within its interior. The powder is immobilized with an acid-resistant porous layer placed above the powder, wherein the porous layer is permeable to gases and liquids, and impervious to particles of the powder.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid battery formed by joining two halves of a battery container. Before joining, the separate halves have grids placed in adjacent recesses, separated by partition walls integral with the wall of the container half. Pairs of adjacent grids are electrically connected through the partition wall. The recesses are alternately filled with positive and negative active materials. Then the halves are joined with a porous separator in each cell of the combined halves separating positive and negative active materials.