Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized with a catalyst in which nickel is supported on a support containing silica and alumina. The catalyst has little deterioration over long periods and affords oligomers with high productivity. The ethylene oligomerization catalyst includes a support and a nickel compound supported on the support, the support including silica and alumina, and the amount of nickel supported is in the range of 0.0001 to 1 wt % based on the weight of the support, and the molar ratio of silica to alumina in the support (SiO2/Al2O3) is in the range of 100 to 2000. In a process of the invention, ethylene is oligomerized with use of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for converting hydrocarbons as starting material by industrial fixed-bed reaction processes with a zeolite shaped catalyst which has a low content of inorganic binder and a high pore volume and which shows high catalytic activity, long catalyst life and high crushing strength. A zeolite shaped catalyst used in the methods of the invention includes zeolite and an inorganic binder and is obtained by kneading zeolite, a starting material of an inorganic binder, shaping auxiliary(ies), organic polymer particles having an average diameter of 0.1 to 6 ?m and water into a kneaded product, and extruding, drying and calcining the kneaded product; and the zeolite shaped catalyst has a zeolite component content of not less than 60 wt % relative to the total weight, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.0 ml/g, a half-volume pore diameter of 80 to 500 nm and a crushing strength of not less than 0.9 kg.

Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized with a catalyst in which nickel is supported on a support containing silica and alumina. The catalyst has little deterioration over long periods and affords oligomers with high productivity. The ethylene oligomerization catalyst includes a support and a nickel compound supported on the support, the support including silica and alumina, and the amount of nickel supported is in the range of 0.0001 to 1 wt % based on the weight of the support, and the molar ratio of silica to alumina in the support (SiO2/Al2O3) is in the range of 100 to 2000. In a process of the invention, ethylene is oligomerized with use of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for converting hydrocarbons as starting material by industrial fixed-bed reaction processes with a zeolite shaped catalyst which has a low content of inorganic binder and a high pore volume and which shows high catalytic activity, long catalyst life and high crushing strength. A zeolite shaped catalyst used in the methods of the invention includes zeolite and an inorganic binder and is obtained by kneading zeolite, a starting material of an inorganic binder, shaping auxiliary(ies), organic polymer particles having an average diameter of 0.1 to 6 ?m and water into a kneaded product, and extruding, drying and calcining the kneaded product; and the zeolite shaped catalyst has a zeolite component content of not less than 60 wt % relative to the total weight, a pore volume of 0.4 to 1.0 ml/g, a half-volume pore diameter of 80 to 500 nm and a crushing strength of not less than 0.9 kg.

Abstract: It is provided a method for preparing the pyrroloazepine derivatives, especially in optically active form useful as drugs, by low-priced and simple method and in industrial applicable scale, represented by the following formula (I): wherein Z represents optionally substituted phenyl group, which comprises; a process for the asymmetric reduction of ketone compound with metal hydride compound and alcohol compound in the presence of optically active cobalt complex catalyst, and a process for the purification of the resulting compound.

Abstract: It is provided a method for preparing the pyrroloazepine derivatives, especially in optically active form useful as drugs, by low-priced and simple method and in industrial applicable scale, represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-substituted maleimides by conducting heat-dehydration and dehydrating imidization of N-substituted maleamic acids under azeotropic distillation of generated water in a solvent mixture containing a solvent capable of forming water azeotrope and an organic aprotic polar solvent, in the presence as catalyst of a zinc salt of a maleamic acid, metallic zinc or a zinc compound which forms a zinc salt of the N-substituted maleamic acid in the reaction system.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-substituted maleimides by conducting heat-dehydration and dehydrating imidization of N-substituted maleamic acids under azeotropic distillation of generated water in a solvent mixture containing a solvent capable of forming water azeotrope and an organic aproptic polar solvent, in the presence as catalyst of metallic tin, tin oxide, a tin salt of a maleamic acid or a tin compound which forms a thin salt of the N-substituted maleamic acid in the reaction system.