Abstract: A bumper device can reduce a weight of a reinforcement member more than a weight of a conventional reinforcement member while sufficiently absorbing a given impact energy. A size “b” between both side mounting portions where the reinforcement member is mounted on a stay is set greater than a size “a” between both side longitudinal wall portions of a side frame, both outer longitudinal walls of the stay are inclined such that both outer longitudinal walls are opened toward the reinforcement member, and the distance between the inner longitudinal walls is set substantially equal to the distance between the both side longitudinal wall portions of the side frame.

Abstract: A shock absorbing member for a vehicle is designed to absorb the impact energy in a plastic deformation manner to absorb the axial compressive load. The shock absorbing member includes a hollow member whose cross-section is roughly constant and whose axis is adapted to extend forward and rearward of the vehicle. A flange is formed on the hollow member roughly along the axis of the hollow member and projects by an amount increasing gradually from one side toward the other side of the axis.

Abstract: A first frame section is hollow and has a substantially uniform polygonal cross-sectional shape. An axial load is applied to the first frame section. A second frame section is hollow and has a substantially uniform polygonal cross-sectional shape. The axial load is transmitted from the first frame section to the second frame section. A transmitting portion is provided in at least one of the first and second frame sections. The transmitting portion receives the axial load that acts on each edge of the first frame section and transmits the axial load to each edge of the second frame section.

Abstract: A bumper device can reduce a weight of a reinforcement member more than a weight of a conventional reinforcement member while sufficiently absorbing a given impact energy. A size “b” between both side mounting portions where the reinforcement member is mounted on a stay is set greater than a size “a” between both side longitudinal wall portions of a side frame, both outer longitudinal walls of the stay are inclined such that both outer longitudinal walls are opened toward the reinforcement member, and the distance between the inner longitudinal walls is set substantially equal to the distance between the both side longitudinal wall portions of the side frame.

Abstract: Load is applied to a bumper reinforce. Two hollow crash boxes are coupled to the bumper reinforce. Each crash box has a substantially constant cross section, an axis and an open end. When load is applied to the bumper reinforce, each crash box is plastically deformed in the axial direction for absorbing the load. The bumper reinforce includes projections. Each projection corresponds to one of the crash boxes and faces part of the open end of the corresponding crash box. The projections reduce the load at the beginning of plastic deformation.

Abstract: A bumper apparatus for a vehicle includes a first reinforcement, and a second reinforcement extending in the vehicle width-wise direction. The second reinforcement has a first outer wall at a side remote relative to the vehicle body, an inner wall at a near side relative to the vehicle body, and a first top wall and a first bottom wall connecting the first outer wall with the inner wall. The second reinforcement further includes two end portions and an intermediate portion located between the end portions, with both end portions being fixed to the vehicle body via the first reinforcement. At least a portion of the inner wall disposed in the intermediate portion being caved in to gradually approach toward the first outer wall from the both end portions.

Abstract: A shock absorbing member for a vehicle is designed to absorb the impact energy in a plastic deformation manner to absorb the axial compressive load. The shock absorbing member includes a hollow member whose cross-section is roughly constant and whose axis is adapted to extend forward and rearward of the vehicle. A flange is formed on the hollow member roughly along the axis of the hollow member and projects by an amount increasing gradually from one side toward the other side of the axis.

Abstract: A bumper includes a pair of hollow crash boxes, each of which is located at one end of a bumper reinforce. when receiving axial load, each crash box is plastically deformed to absorb the axial load. An initial buckling portion is previously formed in each crash box. Plastic deformation of each crash box due to axial load starts at the associated initial buckling portion. This reduces axial load that is needed to start plastic deformation of each crash box.

Abstract: A first frame section is hollow and has a substantially uniform polygonal cross-sectional shape. An axial load is applied to the first frame section. A second frame section is hollow and has a substantially uniform polygonal cross-sectional shape. The axial load is transmitted from the first frame section to the second frame section. A transmitting portion is provided in at least one of the first and second frame sections. The transmitting portion receives the axial load that acts on each edge of the first frame section and transmits the axial load to each edge of the second frame section.

Abstract: A bumper apparatus for a vehicle includes a first reinforcement, and a second reinforcement extending in the vehicle width-wise direction. The second reinforcement has a first outer wall at a side remote relative to the vehicle body, an inner wall at a near side relative to the vehicle body, and a first top wall and a first bottom wall connecting the first outer wall with the inner wall. The second reinforcement further includes two end portions and an intermediate portion located between the end portions, with both end portions being fixed to the vehicle body via the first reinforcement. At least a portion of the inner wall disposed in the intermediate portion being caved in to gradually approach toward the first outer wall from the both end portions.

Abstract: A vehicle door assembly includes a door inner panel having a hinge attachment portion on which is to be mounted a pair of door hinge devices and a lock attachment portion on which is to be mounted a door lock device. A base panel has four arm portions that connect the base panel to the door inner panel. The four arm portions include first and a second arm portions fixed to the hinge attachment portion of the door inner panel, and a third arm portion attached to the lock attachment portion of the door inner panel.

Abstract: A rear spoiler attached to the roof of an automobile is so designed that the ratio of outflow width to inflow width is 0.5.about.0.9 while the vehicle velocity ratio is made 30 or greater.

Abstract: A glass pane for use in a vehicle is composed of a main portion held by a frame provided at a portion of a body of the vehicle and an organic paint coated on an inside-periphery of the glass. The coated organic paint on the glass serves for concealing an inside of the vehicle from the outside thereof.