Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is to be obtained that has stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound is also to be obtained that has a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase (phase transition temperature from a nematic phase to an isotropic phase), and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. A compound having a hydrocoumarin skeleton is synthesized, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is produced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is to be obtained that has stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound is also to be obtained that has a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase (phase transition temperature from a nematic phase to an isotropic phase), and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. A compound having a hydrocoumarin skeleton is synthesized, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is produced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is to be obtained that has stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound is also to be obtained that has a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase (phase transition temperature from a nematic phase to an isotropic phase), and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. A compound having a hydrocoumarin skeleton is synthesized, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is produced.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal compound represented by any one of formulas (a-1) to (a-6): in formulas (a-1) to (a-6), Ra and Rb are each independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, provided that in the alkyl, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, —(CH2)2- may be replaced by —CH?CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen; ring A1 and ring A2 are each independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, provided that in these rings hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen, and in the case where the ring is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, and —CH2CH— may be replaced by —CH?C—; and Z1 and Z2 are each independently a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2-, —CH2O— or —CH2CH2-, provided that in formula (a-3), in the case where ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, Z2 is a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2- or —CH2O—, in the case where Ra is —C3H7, Rb is —OC2H5, and Z2 is a single bond, ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 2-fluoro- 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-f

Abstract: Such a liquid crystal compound is provided that has stability to heat, light and so forth, has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and suitable elastic constants K33 and K11 (K33: bend elastic constant, K11: splay elastic constant), and has suitable negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition are also provided.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal compound represented by any one of formulas (a-1) to (a-6): in formulas (a-1) to (a-6), Ra and Rb are each independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, provided that in the alkyl, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, —(CH2)2- may be replaced by —CH?CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen; ring A1 and ring A2 are each independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, provided that in these rings hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen, and in the case where the ring is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, and —CH2CH— may be replaced by —CH?C—; and Z1 and Z2 are each independently a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2-, —CH2O— or —CH2CH2-, provided that in formula (a-3), in the case where ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, Z2 is a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2- or —CH2O—, in the case where Ra is —C3H7, Rb is —OC2H5, and Z2 is a single bond, ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fl

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal compound represented by any one of formulas (a-1) to (a-6): in formulas (a-1) to (a-6), Ra and Rb are each independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, provided that in the alkyl, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, —(CH2)2- may be replaced by —CH?CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen; ring A1 and ring A2 are each independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, provided that in these rings hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen, and in the case where the ring is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, and —CH2CH— may be replaced by —CH?C—; and Z1 and Z2 are each independently a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2-, —CH2O— or —CH2CH2-, provided that in formula (a-3), in the case where ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, Z2 is a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2- or —CH2O—, in the case where Ra is —C3H7, Rb is —OC2H5, and Z2 is a single bond, ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fl

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is to be obtained that has stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound is also to be obtained that has a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase (phase transition temperature from a nematic phase to an isotropic phase), and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. A compound having a hydrocoumarin skeleton is synthesized, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is produced.

Abstract: Such a liquid crystal compound is provided that has stability to heat, light and so forth, has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and suitable elastic constants K33 and K11 (K33: bend elastic constant, K11: splay elastic constant), and has suitable negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition are also provided.

Abstract: Such a liquid crystal compound is provided that has stability to heat, light and so forth, has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and suitable elastic constants K33 and K11 (K33: bend elastic constant, K11: splay elastic constant), and has suitable negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition are also provided.

Abstract: The compound (1) according to the invention has general solid-state properties necessary for a compound, stability against heat, light and the like, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds. The liquid crystal composition according to the invention contains at least one compound represented by formula (1). The liquid crystal display element according to the invention contains the composition. The compound (1) is represented by formula (1): wherein Ra, Rb, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, Z11, Z12, Z13, Z14, Z15, Z16, Y1, Y2, k, l, m, n, p and q are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal compound represented by any one of formulas (a-1) to (a-6): in formulas (a-1) to (a-6), Ra and Rb are each independently hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, provided that in the alkyl, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, —(CH2)2- may be replaced by —CH?CH—, and hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen; ring A1 and ring A2 are each independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, provided that in these rings hydrogen may be replaced by a halogen, and in the case where the ring is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, —CH2- may be replaced by —O—, and —CH2CH— may be replaced by —CH?C—; and Z1 and Z2 are each independently a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2-, —CH2O— or —CH2CH2-, provided that in formula (a-3), in the case where ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, Z2 is a single bond, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCH2- or —CH2O—, in the case where Ra is —C3H7, Rb is —OC2H5, and Z2 is a single bond, ring A2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fl

Abstract: Such a liquid crystal compound is provided that has stability to heat, light and so forth, has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and suitable elastic constants K33 and K11 (K33: bend elastic constant, K11: splay elastic constant), and has suitable negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition are also provided.

Abstract: The compound (1) according to the invention has general solid-state properties necessary for a compound, stability against heat, light and the like, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds. The liquid crystal composition according to the invention contains at least one compound represented by formula (1). The liquid crystal display element according to the invention contains the composition. The compound (1) is represented by formula (1): wherein Ra, Rb, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, Z11, Z12, Z13, Z14, Z15, Z16, Y1, Y2, k, l, m, n, p and q are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active 3-hydroxy-hexanoic acid represented by formula (1) and the enantimer by asymmetrically hydrolyzing a racemic ester of 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid in the presence of a lipase derived from porcine pancreas.

Abstract: A production process with good efficiency, and applicable to production of a synthetic intermediate of a new quinolone anti-fungus agent CP-99219, is provided.A production process of an intermediate of a new quinolone compound expressed by the formula (IV) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 represents a benzyl group, a diphenylmethyl group, etc. and R.sup.4 represents a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 8C, a cycloalkyl group, etc.which process employs as a starting substance, a cyclopropanetricarboxylic acid triester expressed by the formula (I) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent a linear or branched alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or an aralkyl group,and passes through seven steps.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing optically active endo-2-norborneols, represented by the following formula: ##STR1## and the antipodes, it comprises asymmetrically hydrolysing racemic endo-2-acyloxynorbornane or endo-2-acyloxynorbornane, whose (R)-compound is in excess, having an optical purity of 50-95% ee with lipase derived from Candida genus. The optically active endo-2-norborneol useful for synthesizing intermediates of pharmaceutical preparations in large quantities.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing optically active 3-aminobutanoic acid characterized in that it comprises an asymmetrically hydrolyzing racemic ester of 3-substituted aminobutanoic acid in the presence of a hydrolase, obtaining an optically active ester of 3-substituted aminobutanoic acid and an optically active 3-substituted aminobutanoic acid of an enantiomer of the ester, and treating the above ester represented by the formula (II): ##STR1## to remove the protecting group. In addition, the new ester intermediates represented by the above formula (II) are provided.

Abstract: A novel optically active erythro-1-alkanoyloxy-2,4-O-isopropylidene-2,4-dihydroxy-5-substituted pentane expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a halogen atom or cyano group and R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a process for producing the above compound are provided, the compound being preferably usable as an intermediate for preparing a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and the process being practiced under mild conditions and with a high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optically active trans-2-aryl-1-cyclohexanol derivative represented by the following general formula (I). ##STR1## The compounds can be obtained by transesterifiation reaction of the following compound (II) as a starting material with lipase. ##STR2## The optically active trans-2-aryl-1-cyclohexanol derivative can be used as an asymmetric source of asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction or a starting material of physiological active materials.