Abstract: The present invention provides a cell that has a high theoretical voltage and theoretical capacity, and can be discharged and recharged multiple times. The cell includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode contains a cathode active material containing an alkali metal compound represented by the formula (1): AxOy??(1) (wherein A is an alkali metal atom, x is 0.5 to 2.5, and y is 0.5 to 2.5), the anode contains an anode active material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, tin, titanium, boron, nitrogen, silicon, and carbon, and the cathode, the anode, and the electrolyte are hermetically sealed in the cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cell that has a high theoretical voltage and theoretical capacity, and can be discharged and recharged multiple times. The cell includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte, wherein the cathode contains a cathode active material containing an alkali metal compound represented by the formula (1): AxOy??(1) (wherein A is an alkali metal atom, x is 0.5 to 2.5, and y is 0.5 to 2.5), the anode contains an anode active material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, tin, titanium, boron, nitrogen, silicon, and carbon, and the cathode, the anode, and the electrolyte are hermetically sealed in the cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new rocking-chair-type battery employing oxygen ions as a charge shuttle that can be used to replace lithium ion batteries. The battery of the present invention is an oxygen shuttle battery comprising two electrodes that are comprised of a compound capable of oxygen intercalation at least in part and an electrolyte permeable to oxygen atoms that is present between the two electrodes. The compound capable of oxygen intercalation is, for example, at least one compound selected from the compound denoted by the general formula AMOz, where A denotes 1 or 2 or more monovalent elements, divalent elements, or trivalent elements, and M denotes 1 or 2 or more monovalent elements, divalent elements, or trivalent elements, with 2.0<Z?3.0.

Abstract: An electrode material for an electrochemical device comprising a composite of a particulate conductive material and a metal oxide is prepared by mixing and dispersing the particulate conductive material with a colloidal solution of an oxide of an element in a range of from Group 3 to Group 12 in the fourth, fifth and sixth periods of the Periodic Table and heating the mixture. This composite has a high capacity even at a high current density and good filling properties, and is useful as an electrode material for an electrochemical device such as a lithium secondary battery or an electrochemical capacitor. When the electrode material comprising this composite is used, an electrode can be produced without any binder, and the electrochemical device having good output characteristics can be constructed.

Abstract: An electrode material for an electrochemical device comprising a composite of a particulate conductive material and a metal oxide is prepared by mixing and dispersing the particulate conductive material with a colloidal solution of an oxide of an element in a range of from Group 3 to Group 12 in the fourth, fifth and sixth periods of the Periodic Table and heating the mixture. This composite has a high capacity even at a high current density and good filling properties, and is useful as an electrode material for an electrochemical device such as a lithium secondary battery or an electrochemical capacitor. When the electrode material comprising this composite is used, an electrode can be produced without any binder, and the electrochemical device having good output characteristics can be constructed.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive material comprising a polyacid composed of tungsten and niobium, titanium and/or tantalum. A uniform film can be formed by an easy spin coating method. The polyacid has a radiation sensitivity higher than that of a polyacid comprising only tungsten.

Abstract: A material for an optical component comprising polytungstic acid having peroxo groups, and an optical component, at least part of which is constituted of a thin film of the above-mentioned material. By using this material, a thin film of an inorganic material having an excellent stability is formed by the inexpensive wet painting method. An optical component using the above-mentioned thin film can be formed on an arbitrary substrate with high accuracy at a low temperature of about 100.degree. C. or below. The polytungstic acid may contain carbon as a heteroatom and/or may have Nb, Ti, V, Ta and/or Mo substituted for part of W.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mask for X-ray lithography wherein a peroxopolytungsten compound is used as an absorber, and a process for producing the same. Since this compound has a sensitivity for electron beams and light and serves as an absorber for X-rays, a mask for X-ray lithorgraphy is made only by applying this compound to a substrate, exposing the same to light to form a transferred pattern, and effecting development. Thus, the step of etching the absorber which is essential in the conventional process, is not needed. Therefore, masks having a highly accurate pattern and few defects can be produced with a high production yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid electrolyte comprising a heteropolyacid, the principal component of which is a heteropolytungstic acid and/or heteropolymolybdic acid containing carbon as a hetero atom.This heteropolyacid is stable and can be easily molded and its preparation is simple.

Abstract: A compact, light-weight all solid state lithium battery is disclosed. The battery provides a good contact between a solid electrolyte and a Li anode by forming a Li alloy layer therebetween, even at the time of discharge at a large current density.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heteropoly acid containing carbon as a hetero atom. This heteropoly acid is useful as catalysts or starting materials for various reactions, color forming material or counter electrode material for electrochromic display element or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a titanium disulfide film fabricated on a substrate, where crystallites of titanium disulfide is oriented at an angle of their c-axis to the substrate surface of not more than 45.degree., and to a process for fabricating the film, where the film is prepared by chemical vapor deposition from TiCl.sub.4 and H.sub.2 S as source gases under an inner pressure of reaction tube of 30 kPa or less.

Abstract: A cathode structure for a thin film battery in which a titanium oxide layer is disposed on a substrate and has a titanium disulfide thin film disposed thereon. The cathode structure exhibits an excellent performance when applied to a lithium battery, a sodium battery, etc.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory in which at least one power supply element is carried with an integrated circuit chip containing the memory and connected to power supply terminals of the integrated circuit chip having a memory cell array in which a plurality of memory elements or memory circuits are arrayed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lithium oxide-based amorphous ionic conductor which is a ternary composition consisting of Li.sub.2 O, SiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2, said composition having a composition of components falling within the range of a quadrilateral defined by two lines corresponding to the Li.sub.2 O contents of 80% and 50%, respectively, and by two lines which pass the apex of Li.sub.2 O and on which a ratio SiO.sub.2 :ZrO.sub.2 is 100:0.5 and 1:9, respectively. The conductor is used as a solid electrolyte in the form of a high ionic conductive amorphous thin film.

Abstract: A liquid fuel cell including an anode made of carbon powders, which contains therein an electrode catalyzer and is adapted to be supplied with a liquid fuel, a cathode supplied with oxygen, and a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode. In order to improve cell performance, the anode is formed from carbon powders bonded with a binder, the carbon powders having particle sizes passing through a 50 Tyler mesh screen, in which at least thirty percent by volume of the carbon powders are unable to pass through a 100 Tyler mesh screen.

Abstract: Hydrogen is generated by contacting an alkaline aqueous solution of formaldehyde with at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, molybdenum carbides, tungsten carbides, molybdenum nitrides, tungstenum borides, copper, silver, gold and compounds of copper, silver and gold.Hydrogen can be generated at ambient temperature under atmospheric pressure and, therefore, complicated steps or complicated devices are unnecessary.

Abstract: This invention relates to lithium compounds composed of a lithium halide and lithium imide. The compounds are high in lithium ionic conductivity and are used as solid electrolytes. Particularly excellent ones of the lithium compounds are those represented by the general formula:yLi.sub.2 NH.(1-y)LiXwhere X represents Cl, Br or I and y denotes the molar fraction of lithium imide ranging from about 0.35 to about 0.98 when X is chlorine, from about 0.25 to about 0.35 when X is bromine or from about 0.33 to about 0.75 when X is iodine.

Abstract: A lithium-ionic-conductive solid electrolyte consisting of lithium iodide and lithium nitride. It has the feature that the lithium ionic conductivity is higher than in prior-art solid electrolytes, and such feature becomes more remarkable when lithium hydroxide is added.

Abstract: A fuel cell using an electrolyte-soluble fuel in which a solid film exhibiting a hydrogen ion- and/or hydronium ion-conducitivty is provided on the surface of an air electrode close to an electrolyte containing the fuel is disclosed.The solid film transmits hydrogen ions and hydronium ions, but it does not transmit water and oxygen in substance. Therefore, the leakage of electrolyte and the variation of the composition ratio of the electrolyte are not feared, so that the fuel cell can be used for a long time.