Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a flexible and elongated substrate, a soft magnetic layer having an average thickness of 10 nm or more to 50 nm or less, and a recording layer. The soft magnetic layer is disposed between the substrate and the recording layer, and a difference in Young's modulus between the magnetic recording medium and the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the substrate is 2.4 GPa or more.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas purification system of an internal combustion engine includes an electrically heated catalytic device and a three-way catalytic device. The electrically heated catalytic device includes a first honeycomb base having a large number of honeycomb passages and a first catalyst component that is supported on, by a predetermined thin-film treatment, surfaces that define the honeycomb passages and that contains one or more types of noble metals. The three-way catalytic device includes a second honeycomb base having a large number of honeycomb passages and a second catalyst component that is supported on surfaces defining the honeycomb passages and that contains one or more types of noble metals. The total noble metal content per unit volume of the second honeycomb base is higher than the total noble metal content per unit volume of the first honeycomb base.

Abstract: There is provided a magnetic recording medium including a base; a seed layer; a foundation layer; and a recording layer, the seed layer being disposed between the base and the foundation layer, having an amorphous state, including an alloy containing Ti, Cr and O, a percentage of Ti being 30 atomic % to 100 atomic % based on a total amount of Ti and Cr contained in the seed layer, and a percentage of O being 15 atomic % or less based on a total amount of Ti, Cr and O contained in the seed layer. Also, a production method thereof is provided.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; a recording layer; and a layer being provided between the substrate and the recording layer, the layer containing a superelastic body.

Abstract: A servo writer includes a writing head that writes a servo signal on a long magnetic tape that is traveling and at least two first guide rollers that guide the travel of the magnetic tape, in which the at least two first guide rollers on which a spiral groove is provided have a circumferential surface that has contact with the traveling magnetic tape, tensile forces act on the magnetic tape from the at least two first guide rollers in a width direction of the traveling magnetic tape, and the tensile forces that act on the magnetic tape from the at least two first guide rollers cancel each other.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas purification system of an internal combustion engine includes an electrically heated catalytic device and a three-way catalytic device. The electrically heated catalytic device includes a first honeycomb base having a large number of honeycomb passages and a first catalyst component that is supported on, by a predetermined thin-film treatment, surfaces that define the honeycomb passages and that contains one or more types of noble metals. The three-way catalytic device includes a second honeycomb base having a large number of honeycomb passages and a second catalyst component that is supported on surfaces defining the honeycomb passages and that contains one or more types of noble metals. The total noble metal content per unit volume of the second honeycomb base is higher than the total noble metal content per unit volume of the first honeycomb base.

Abstract: A structure used in the formation of a spintronics element, the spintronics element to include a plurality of laminated layers, includes a substrate, a plurality of laminated layers formed on the substrate, an uppermost layer of the plurality of laminated layers being a non-magnetic layer containing oxygen, and a protection layer directly formed on the uppermost layer, the protection layer preventing alteration of characteristics of the uppermost layer while exposed in an atmosphere including H2O, a partial pressure of H2O in the atmosphere being equal to or larger than 10?4 Pa, no other layer being directly formed on the protection layer.

Abstract: A servo writer includes a writing head that writes a servo signal on a long magnetic tape that is traveling, a guide roller that is provided on an upstream side of a travel path with respect to the writing head and guides the traveling magnetic tape, and a polishing unit that is provided on an upstream side of the travel path with respect to the guide roller and polishes at least one edge of the traveling magnetic tape, in which the guide roller includes a flange that regulates the travel of the magnetic tape.

Abstract: A servo writer includes a writing head that writes a servo signal on a long magnetic tape that is traveling, a guide roller that is provided on an upstream side of a travel path with respect to the writing head and guides the traveling magnetic tape, and a polishing unit that is provided on an upstream side of the travel path with respect to the guide roller and polishes at least one edge of the traveling magnetic tape, in which the guide roller includes a flange that regulates the travel of the magnetic tape.

Abstract: A servo writer includes a writing head that writes a servo signal on a long magnetic tape that is traveling and at least two first guide rollers that guide the travel of the magnetic tape, in which the at least two first guide rollers on which a spiral groove is provided have a circumferential surface that has contact with the traveling magnetic tape, tensile forces act on the magnetic tape from the at least two first guide rollers in a width direction of the traveling magnetic tape, and the tensile forces that act on the magnetic tape from the at least two first guide rollers cancel each other.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: an elongated substrate having flexibility; a first layer, being provided on the substrate, containing Cr, Ni, and Fe, and having a face-centered cubic lattice structure with a (111) plane preferentially oriented so as to be parallel to a surface of the substrate; a second layer, being provided on the first layer, containing Co and O, having a ratio of an average atomic concentration of O to an average atomic concentration of Co of 1 or more, and having a column structure with an average particle diameter of 3 nm or more and 13 nm or less; a third layer, being provided on the second layer, and containing Ru; and a perpendicular recording layer, being provided on the third layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a flexible and elongated substrate; a soft magnetic layer having an average thickness of 10 nm or more to 50 nm or less; and a recording layer, in which the soft magnetic layer is disposed between the substrate and the recording layer, and a difference in Young's modulus between the magnetic recording medium and the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the substrate is 2.4 GPa or more.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a recording surface having an average surface roughness SRa of 3.0 nm or less, the number of projections having a height of 7.5 nm or more included in a unit region (where the unit region is a square region with each side having a length of 30 ?m) of the recording surface is 256 or more, and the number of projections having a height of 15 nm or more included in the unit region of the recording surface is 0 or more and 104 or less.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a long-shaped base substrate having flexibility, a soft magnetic layer, and a magnetic recording layer. A squareness ratio in a longitudinal direction of the base substrate is equal to or less than a squareness ratio in a short-side direction of the base substrate. The squareness ratio in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate is 30% or less.

Abstract: A structure used in the formation of a spintronics element, the spintronics element to include a plurality of laminated layers, includes a substrate, a plurality of laminated layers formed on the substrate, an uppermost layer of the plurality of laminated layers being a non-magnetic layer containing oxygen, and a protection layer directly formed on the uppermost layer, the protection layer preventing alteration of characteristics of the uppermost layer while exposed in an atmosphere including H2O, a partial pressure of H2O in the atmosphere being equal to or larger than 10?4 Pa, no other layer being directly formed on the protection layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a spintronics element from laminated layers. The method includes (a) forming a plurality of laminated layers in manufacturing equipment, (b) forming a wafer in the manufacturing equipment, including applying a protection layer directly on a non-magnetic uppermost layer of the laminated layers so that the protection layer prevents alteration of characteristics of the uppermost layer, and (c) exposing the wafer, outside of the manufacturing equipment, to an atmosphere that includes H2O having a partial pressure in the atmosphere equal to or larger than 10?4 Pa.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: an elongated substrate having flexibility; a first layer, being provided on the substrate, containing Cr, Ni, and Fe, and having a face-centered cubic lattice structure with a (111) plane preferentially oriented so as to be parallel to a surface of the substrate; a second layer, being provided on the first layer, containing Co and O, having a ratio of an average atomic concentration of O to an average atomic concentration of Co of 1 or more, and having a column structure with an average particle diameter of 3 nm or more and 13 nm or less; a third layer, being provided on the second layer, and containing Ru; and a perpendicular recording layer, being provided on the third layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; a recording layer; and a layer being provided between the substrate and the recording layer, the layer containing a superelastic body.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a recording surface having an average surface roughness SRa of 3.0 ?m or less, the number of projections having a height of 7.5 nm or more included in a unit region (where the unit region is a square region with each side having a length of 30 ?m) of the recording surface is 256 or more, and the number of projections having a height of 15 nm or more included in the unit region of the recording surface is 0 or more and 104 or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a spintronics element from laminated layers. The method includes (a) forming a plurality of laminated layers in manufacturing equipment, (b) forming a wafer in the manufacturing equipment, including applying a protection layer directly on a non-magnetic uppermost layer of the laminated layers so that the protection layer prevents alteration of characteristics of the uppermost layer, and (c) exposing the wafer, outside of the manufacturing equipment, to an atmosphere that includes H2O having a partial pressure in the atmosphere equal to or larger than 10?4 Pa.