Abstract: An exhaust pipe structure of an internal combustion engine vehicle is provided, which includes a coupling part coupling a first exhaust pipe to a second exhaust pipe disposed serially. The coupling part includes an insertion pipe part formed in the second exhaust pipe, an outer circumferential pipe part formed in the first exhaust pipe and to which the insertion pipe part is inserted, an inner circumferential pipe inserted into the outer circumferential pipe part, an annular protrusion formed in the second exhaust pipe and protruding radially outward from the entire circumference of the insertion pipe part, and a clamp member coupling the outer circumferential pipe part to the annular protrusion. The clamp member has a band part wrapped radially outside around a part where a flare part of the outer circumferential pipe part overlaps with the annular protrusion, and a tightening part tightening the band part.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## in which: R.sup.1 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, fluorine, or --OP(O)(OH).sub.2 ; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently optionally substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl; R.sup.4 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, or --OP(O)(OH).sub.2, where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 is --OP(O)(OH).sub.2 ; and R.sup.5 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, or fluorine; provided that, except where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is fluorine, then at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl having (i) at least one halogen substituent and (ii) at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy and C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyloxy or at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl which is substituted by at least one halogen-substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.

Abstract: A V-type engine has a plurality of cylinders formed in a pair of cylinder banks. An intake system for the V-type engine includes a surge tank which is communicated with the atmosphere through a common intake passage provided with a throttle valve, discrete intake passages which branch off from the surge tank and are connected to the responsive cylinders, branch passages which branch off from the respective discrete intake passages, one or more volume chambers each of which is communicated with at least two of the branch passages, on-off valves which are respectively provided in the branch passages and are opened and closed according to the operating conditions of the engine. The surge tank is disposed above one of the cylinder banks and the volume chamber or volume chambers are disposed above the other cylinder bank.

Abstract: An intake system includes two surge tanks for cylinders in first and second cylinder banks of a V-type internal combustion engine which are arranged side by side over one of the first and second cylinder banks in the lengthwise direction of its associated engine and, are preferably formed as one unit and includes intake passages arranged in series in the lengthwise direction, each intake pipe connecting the surge tank with each of the cylinders in the first and second cylinder banks. The outermost intake passages disposed at the opposite ends of the surge tanks extend outward of the surge tanks in the opposite directions and are bent back into a space between the first and second cylinder banks. The remaining intake passages for the cylinders in the first cylinder bank are of C-shaped passage and the remaining intake passages for the cylinders in the second cylinder bank cross inside the C-shaped intake pipes in the space.

Abstract: An air suction device for a multicylinder engine comprises a first group of inlet passages each having one end connected to one of a first group of cylinders, a second group of inlet passages each having one end connected to one of a second group of cylinders, a surge chamber separated off by a partition-wall into first and second compartments for air expansion provided with a plurality of first openings each coupled with the other end of one of the first group of inlet passages and a plurality of second openings each coupled with the other end of one of the second group of inlet passages, respectively, and a valve unit including a body member forming an air passage and a closing valve disposed in the body member for closing selectively the air passage.

Abstract: This invention relates to an internal combustion engine including a plurality of groups of combustion chambers and at least a first expansion chamber and a second expansion chamber. The first and second expansion chambers extend in a lengthwise direction and are separated from each other by a partition wall. The first expansion chamber is connected with one group of combustion chambers through separate branch passages. The second expansion chamber is also connected with another group of combustion chambers respectively through separate branch passages. First and second intake passages are connected at downstream ends with the first expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber, respectively. An auxiliary communicating passage is provided along the partition wall independent from said first and second intake passages and connects the first and second expansion chambers with each other.

Abstract: An induction system for a V-type internal combustion engine having a first and second banks respectively constituted with a plurality of cylinders and shifted with respect to each other in the direction of alignment of the cylinders, including intake ports provided to face a space between two banks, surge tank means for leading intake air to each intake port arranged above one of the banks, first intake passage means curvedly formed for feeding intake air from the surge tank means to the cylinders of the first bank, each being connected with the side portion of the surge tank means at one end thereof and with one of the intake ports of the cylinder of the first bank at the other end thereof and consisting of an upstream intake passage means and a downstream passage means, and second intake passage means curvedly formed for feeding intake air from the surge tank means to the cylinders of the second bank, each being connected with the side portion of the surge tank means at one end thereof and with one of the i

Abstract: In an intake system for a V-type engine having a plurality of cylinders in each of first and second cylinder banks, a plurality of intake ports each of which is communicated with one of the cylinders being open in the inner surfaces of the cylinder banks opposed to each other, an intake manifold structure for forming discrete intake passages which are separately communicated with the respective intake ports to introduce intake air into the cylinders corresponding thereto comprises first and second pieces. The first piece is provided with a plurality of passages each forming one of said discrete intake passages communicated with the intake ports of the first cylinder bank and a connecting portion for integrally connecting the passages at a portion near the first cylinder bank.

Abstract: An intake system for a V-type engine comprises a surge tank, a common intake pipe upstream of the surge tank and a plurality of discrete intake pipes for connecting the respective cylinders in the cylinder banks of the V-type engine with the surge tank. Each of the discrete intake pipes for the cylinders in each cylinder bank comprises a U-shaped bight portion which projects from the side of the surge tank remote from the cylinder bank toward the other cylinder bank and is bent toward the cylinder bank, and a crossing portion which is connected between the corresponding intake port in the cylinder bank and the downstream end of the U-shaped bight portion and crosses the discrete intake pipes for the cylinders in the other cylinder bank below the surge tank.

Abstract: In an intake system for a multicylinder engine, discrete intake passage portions immediately connected to the respective cylinders are divided into two groups so that intake timings of the discrete intake passage portions in each group are not immediately successive, and the discrete intake passage portions in each group are concentrated to form a concentrated portion. Branch intake passage portions extend upstream from the concentrated portions for the both groups and are integrated with each other to form a main intake passage portion.

Abstract: Alkoxylated .beta.-lactam compound useful as an intermediate for various cephalosporin (or penicillin) derivatives which may be prepared by reacting a 7-sulfenylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenylaminopenam compound) with an oxidizing agent or reacting a sulfinylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfinylaminopenam compound) with a dehydrating agent to give a sulfenyliminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenyliminopenam compound) and reacting the latter compound with an alcohol in the presence of a base, an organic acid or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: 7-Oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## (in which:) R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group;X represents an oxy group, a thio group, a sulphinyl group or a sulphonyl group;A represents a bivalent for trivalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group;p is 1 (when A is bivalent) or 2 (when A is trivalent);R.sup.2 represents an azido, nitro or cyano group or one of the groups of formula ##STR2## m and n are the same or different and each is 0 or 1; R represents an amidino group or a group of formula R.sup.4, --N(R.sup.4).sub.2 or --YR.sup.4,B represents a group of formula ##STR3## D represents a group of formula ##STR4## (provided that, where m and n are both 1, the groups represented by B and D must be different);R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and, where there are 2 or more groups represented by R.sup.4, they may be the same or different, andY represents an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom; andR.sup.

Abstract: Alkoxylated .beta.-lactam compound useful as an intermediate for various cephalosporin (or penicillin) derivatives which may be prepared by reacting a 7-sulfenylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenylaminopenam compound) with an oxidizing agent or reacting a sulfinylaminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfinylaminopenam compound) with a dehydrated agent to give a sulfenyliminocephem compound (or a 6-sulfenyliminopenam compound) and reacting the latter compound with an alcohol in the presence of a base, an organic acid or a Lewis acid.

Abstract: Novel penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives possessing interferon inducibility and represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom a nitro group, an alkoxy group or an alkyl group; M represents a protective group for a hydroxyl or carboxyl group; Z represents a group ##STR2## or a group ##STR3## in which D is a hydrogen atom, an acyloxy group, a carbamoyloxy group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic thio group; A represents a cyano group, a carboalkoxy group or a nitro group; and B represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a carboalkoxy group or a nitro groupAnd process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A 7.beta.-acylamino-7.alpha.-alkoxycephalosporin is prepared by reacting a 7-acylaminocephalosporin with a halogenating agent to give an iminohalide, reacting the latter compound with a base to give a keteneimine, reacting the latter compound with a halogen to give an .alpha.-halogeno iminohalide, reacting the latter compound with an alkali metal alkoxide and consecutively either subjecting the resulting compound to hydrolysis, or reacting the resulting compound with an acid or a halogenosilyl compound followed by treating the resulting compound with water.The 7.beta.-acylamino-7.alpha.-alkoxycephalosporin is useful as an antibacterial agent.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 7.beta.-acylamino-7.alpha.alkoxycephalosporin or 6.beta.-acylamino-6.alpha.-alkoxypenicillin which comprises either (a) reacting a 7.beta.-(.alpha.'-halogeno or .alpha.'-hydroxyacylamino)cephalosporin or 6.beta.-(.alpha.'halogeno or .alpha.'-hydroxyacylamino)penicillin with a halogenating agent to give a .alpha.-halogeno-iminohalide, reacting the latter compound with an equimolar amount of an alkali metal alkoxide in the presence of one equivalent amount of a base to give a 7.alpha.-alkoxyketeneimine and subjecting the latter compound to hydration; or (b) reacting the 7.beta.-(.alpha.'-halogeno or .alpha.'hydroxyacylamino)cephalosporin or 6.beta.-(.alpha.'-halogeno or .alpha.'-hydroxyacylamino) penicillin with the halogenating agent to give the .alpha.