Abstract: Two cylinder heads are disposed side by side. Upper side intake valve holes of one of the cylinder heads and upper side exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined by a multi-spindle head integrally including intake side tools and exhaust side tools. After moving the one of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the intake valves and moving the other of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the exhaust valves, remaining intake valve holes of the one of the cylinder heads and remaining exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined.

Abstract: Two cylinder heads are disposed side by side. Upper side intake valve holes of one of the cylinder heads and upper side exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined by a multi-spindle head integrally including intake side tools and exhaust side tools. After moving the one of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the intake valves and moving the other of the cylinder heads upward by a pitch of the exhaust valves, remaining intake valve holes of the one of the cylinder heads and remaining exhaust valve holes of the other of the cylinder heads are simultaneously machined.

Abstract: Two cylinder heads (3, 3) are disposed side by side. Upper side intake valve holes (34a, 34c, 34e, 34g) of one of the cylinder heads (3) and upper side exhaust valve holes (35a, 35c, 35e, 35g) of the other of the cylinder heads (3) are simultaneously machined by a multi-spindle head (24) integrally including intake side tools (26a to 26d) and exhaust side tools (28a to 28d). After moving the one of the cylinder heads (3) upward by a pitch P1 of the intake valves and moving the other of the cylinder heads (3) upward by a pitch P2 of the exhaust valves, remaining intake valve holes (34b, 34d, 34f, 34h) of the one of the cylinder heads (3) and remaining exhaust valve holes (35b, 35d, 35f, 35h) of the other of the cylinder heads (3) are simultaneously machined.

Abstract: A tightening head (1) is provided with at least two sockets (4i, 4ii) which are alternatively connected to an output shaft of a nut runner (3), a socket replacing mechanism (6) and a bolt supplying mechanism (7). The socket replacing mechanism (6) is provided with a moving mechanism (61) and a posture changing mechanism (64). The moving mechanism (61) moves each socket (4i, 4ii) between a using position where the socket (4i, 4ii) agrees with an axis of the output shaft of the nut runner (3) and a waiting position which is distant from the axis. The posture changing mechanism (64) changes a posture of each socket (4i, 4ii) to an upward posture corresponding to the waiting position and to a tightening posture corresponding to the using position. The bolt supplying mechanism 7 is provided with bolt magazines (8i, 8ii) and bolt holding mechanism (9i, 9ii). During a bolt tightening step is executed by one socket in the using position, the bolt (B) is supplied to the other socket in the waiting position.

Abstract: Two cylinder heads (3, 3) are disposed side by side. Upper side intake valve holes (34a, 34c, 34e, 34g) of one of the cylinder heads (3) and upper side exhaust valve holes (35a, 35c, 35e, 35g) of the other of the cylinder heads (3) are simultaneously machined by a multi-spindle head (24) integrally including intake side tools (26a to 26d) and exhaust side tools (28a to 28d). After moving the one of the cylinder heads (3) upward by a pitch P1 of the intake valves and moving the other of the cylinder heads (3) upward by a pitch P2 of the exhaust valves, remaining intake valve holes (34b, 34d, 34f, 34h) of the one of the cylinder heads (3) and remaining exhaust valve holes (35b, 35d, 35f, 35h) of the other of the cylinder heads (3) are simultaneously machined.

Abstract: A work (W) with a part assembling surface on many faces is rotated by a work holding jig (10) so as to sequentially convert each of the part assembling surfaces to the upward horizontal attitude, a bolt is fastened from above vertically while gripping an assembly part (B) by a part gripping device (12), and this is repeated so that an assembling operation can be carried out smoothly and an assembly space can be saved.

Abstract: A tightening head (1) is provided with at least two sockets (4i, 4ii) which are alternatively connected to an output shaft of a nut runner (3), a socket replacing mechanism (6) and a bolt supplying mechanism (7). The socket replacing mechanism (6) is provided with a moving mechanism (61) and a posture changing mechanism (64). The moving mechanism (61) moves each socket (4i, 4ii) between a using position where the socket (4i, 4ii) agrees with an axis of the output shaft of the nut runner (3) and a waiting position which is distant from the axis. The posture changing mechanism (64) changes a posture of each socket (4i, 4ii) to an upward posture corresponding to the waiting position and to a tightening posture corresponding to the using position. The bolt supplying mechanism 7 is provided with bolt magazines (8i, 8ii) and bolt holding mechanism (9i, 9ii). During a bolt tightening step is executed by one socket in the using position, the bolt (B) is supplied to the other socket in the waiting position.

Abstract: The present method corrects a warp in a separator (78) applied with a sealant (97) during production of fuel cells. The correction is performed at a correcting device (47). With the warp being corrected at the correcting device, a membrane/electrode assembly is superimposed on the separator.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical recording/reproducing apparatus capable of performing focus search with high reliability even when a wavefront aberration occurs due to a thickness of a protective layer of an optical disk. The optical recording/reproducing apparatus comprises: an optical system which focuses the beam spot into the recording medium; a spot moving section which moves the beam spot at least in a direction parallel to thickness of the protective layer; a surface detector which detects each of a surface of the protective layer and one or more signal recording surfaces based on a returning light; and a focus controller which starts focusing servo control with respect to the one or more signal recording surfaces when the surface detector detects the surface of the protective layer and thereafter detects the one or more signal recording surfaces.

Abstract: There is provided a recording/playback device able to differentiate the type of an optical disc or another such optical recording medium with a high degree of precision while correcting wavefront aberrations. The recording/playback device has a detection part for sequentially detecting the surface of a cover layer and one or a plurality of signal recording surfaces of an object to be detected on the basis of an output signal of a photodetector, a medium differentiation part for differentiating the type of the detected object on the basis of the detection results, an aberration correction element, and an aberration control part for controlling the aberration correction state of the aberration correction element.

Abstract: A work (W) with a part assembling surface on many faces is rotated by a work holding jig (10) so as to sequentially convert each of the part assembling surfaces to the upward horizontal attitude, a bolt is fastened from above vertically while gripping an assembly part (B) by a part gripping device (12), and this is repeated so that an assembling operation can be carried out smoothly and an assembly space can be saved.

Abstract: A method for coating a sealant (39) on a separator (40) for a fuel cell. The separator has a sealing groove (118) formed therein, and widths of the sealing groove at a coating-start portion (39a) and a coating-end portion (39b) of the sealant are made greater than widths of remaining portions of the sealing groove. The sealant coating-start portion and the coating-end portion are made to intersect at a place where the width of the sealing groove is large. Adhesion between the coating-start portion and the coating-end portion is improved, and also, degrees of freedom of a sealant coated position increase, and sealability of a cell for a fuel cell is improved.

Abstract: A membrane/electrode assembly trimming apparatus (10) made up of a lower trimming die (14) on which a membrane/electrode assembly (65) is set, an upper trimming die (16) having a trimming blade (15) and a pressing member (17) which is ascend/descendably suspended from this upper trimming die and suction-holds a carbon electrode (12). A membrane/electrode assembly carrying apparatus (72) including a pressing member which suction-grips a carbon electrode and prevents it from slipping sideways is also disclosed. Because the certainty of the positioning, fixing and trimming of the membrane/electrode assembly at the time of trimming is raised and positional slipping of the trimmed membrane/electrode assembly during carrying can be prevented, the performance of the fuel cell improves.

Abstract: A method for coating a sealant (39) on a separator (40) for a fuel cell. The separator has in which a sealing groove (118), in which a sealant (39) is coated, is provided in a separator (40), formed therein, and widths of the sealing groove at a coating-start portion (39a) and a coating-end portion (39b) of the sealant are made greater than widths of remaining portions other than the coating start portion and the coating end of the sealing groove. The sealant portion, and coating-start portion and the coating-end portion of sealant are made to intersect at a place where the width of the sealing groove is made large. Adhesion between the coating-start portion and the coating-end portion is improved, and also, degrees of freedom of a sealant coated position increase, and sealability of a cell for a fuel cell is improved.

Abstract: A membrane/electrode assembly trimming apparatus (10) made up of a lower trimming die (14) on which a membrane/electrode assembly (65) is set, an upper trimming die (16) having a trimming blade (15) and a pressing member (17) which is ascend/descendably suspended from this upper trimming die and suction-holds a carbon electrode (12). A membrane/electrode assembly carrying apparatus (72) including a pressing member which suction-grips a carbon electrode and prevents it from slipping sideways is also disclosed. Because the certainty of the positioning, fixing and trimming of the membrane/electrode assembly at the time of trimming is raised and positional slipping of the trimmed membrane/electrode assembly during carrying can be prevented, the performance of the fuel cell improves.

Abstract: The present method corrects a warp in a separator (78) applied with a sealant (97) during production of fuel cells. The correction is performed at a correcting device (47). With the warp being corrected at the correcting device, a membrane/electrode assembly is superimposed on the separator.

Abstract: A novel magnetoelectric element and a novel magnetoelectric apparatus convert a magnetic field into an electric capacitance and output it by utilizing the Lorentz force acting on a current in the magnetic field. The magnetoelectric element can convert a magnetic field into an electric capacitance and output it. The magnetoelectric apparatus includes the magnetoelectric element and an electric capacitance detecting unit, and can output a magnetic field as a change in frequency.

Abstract: A Hall element and an amplifier for amplifying an output generated from the Hall element are formed in a GaAs substrate. The Hall element has a current path extending at an angle of 45.degree..+-.10.degree. to a cleavage direction of a GaAs wafer from which the GaAs substrate is formed. The amplifier comprises amplifying FETs for receiving the output generated from the Hall element, each of which has a current path extending in the direction of a crystal axis <011>.+-.10.degree.. The amplifier further comprises other semiconductor elements such as FETs and resistors, each of which has a current path extending in parallel with a dicing line, that is, extending at an angle of .+-.45.degree. to a cleavage direction of a GaAs wafer from which the GaAs substrate is formed.

Abstract: A synthetic lubricating fluid comprising:(i) an ester or its derivative of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and(ii) from 1 to 70% by weight of a branched poly-.alpha.-olefin.

Abstract: This Schottky barrier gate field effect transistor has N.sup.+ -type source and drain regions formed in the surface area of a GaAs semi-insulation substrate, a channel region formed between the source and drain regions, and a gate electrode formed on this channel region. Particularly, in this Schottky barrier gate field effect transistor, the gate electrode has a first metal portion, which is preferably in Schottky contact with the channel region, and a second metal portion, which stably affixes to the first metal portion. The first and second metal portions are fixed to an insulative portion formed on the channel region.