Abstract: A multiple control station (201) transmits a first broadcast frame including a first identifier for identifying a first host (202) and a second broadcast frame including a second identifier for identifying a second host (203) to a terminal station (52) over a wireless channel using time division. The multiple control station then receives a connection request frame that requests connection with the first host (202) or the second host (203) from the terminal station (52). Arbitration is then performed so that the terminal station is connected to the first host or the second host in accordance with the first identifier or the second identifier included in the received connection request frame.

Abstract: In a radio communication system including terminals that access a control apparatus by a random access method, the number of collisions between data transmitted from the terminals is reduced. A control method for the control apparatus capable of communicating with at least one terminal located within a communicable range includes transmitting information designating a communication period in which the terminal transmits data to the control apparatus, changing a transmission range over which the information is transmitted, and transmitting, after transmitting first information designating a first communication period over a first transmission range, second information designating a second communication period which differs from the first communication period over a changed second transmission range.

Abstract: A device and method for controlling communication among a plurality of communication devices, the device and method including causing each of one or more candidate devices to which control rights of a network are transferable, from among the plurality of communication devices, to transmit a pseudo information signal, counting, for each of the one or more candidate devices, the number of communication devices from the plurality of communication devices having responded to the pseudo information signal, and determining a candidate device to which to transfer control rights of the network based on the number of communication devices from the plurality of communication devices having responded to the pseudo information signal.

Abstract: A communication system makes throughput preferable by reducing wireless frame collision which occurs when a plurality of control stations cannot recognize one another. When a wireless communication device that is operating as a dependent station of a first control station detects a second control station, DEVice operates as a dependent control station. Accordingly, the second control station is changed to a dependent station or a dependent control station.

Abstract: In a communication system including plural communication apparatuses that communicate each other using a single communication path, the state of the communication path is detected for communication. If the communication path is busy, a first control method is performed for controlling access to the communication path using a back off time selected at random. A second control method secures the communication path by transmitting and receiving the predetermined signal at transmission of a signal so as to control access to the communication path. In accordance with the kind of the signal to be transmitted, the first or the second control method is selected for communication. Thus, plural communication apparatuses can perform efficient communication.

Abstract: A new gamma-ray stabilizer comprising a combination of 100 parts by weight of a benzyl compound (A) having a specific chemical structure and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of a pentaerythritol phosphorous ester (B) having a spirocyclic structure. Said stabilizer is preferably blended in such a manner that said (A) is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic polymer (polycarbonate or the like), and said (B) is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said (A).

Abstract: A receiving apparatus includes a base-band conversion circuit, a synchronizing circuit/code generator and a demodulator. The base-band conversion circuit converts a received signal into a base-band signal. The synchronizing circuit/code generator detects a spread code included in the received signal to generate a plurality of spread codes in synchronization with the spread code included in the received signal. The demodulator uses the plurality of spread codes supplied by the synchronizing circuit/code generator to demodulate the base-band signal.

Abstract: In a communication system including plural communication apparatuses that communicate each other using a single communication path, the state of the communication path is detected for communication. If the communication path is busy, a first control method is performed for controlling access to the communication path using a back off time selected at random. A second control method secures the communication path by transmitting and receiving the predetermined signal at transmission of a signal so as to control access to the communication path. In accordance with the kind of the signal to be transmitted, the first or the second control method is selected for communication. Thus, plural communication apparatuses can perform efficient communication.

Abstract: A spread spectrum communication method in which, on the transmission side, each item of parallel data is spread with a different code, and is encoded into a combination of I-channel and Q-channel signals. On the reception side, the combination of I-channel and Q-channel signals is encoded to correlate it with each of a plurality of codes.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus includes a base-band conversion circuit, a synchronizing circuit/code generator and a demodulator. The base-band conversion circuit converts a received signal into a base-band signal. The synchronizing circuit/code generator detects a spread code included in the received signal to generate a plurality of spread codes in synchronization with the spread code included in the received signal. The demodulator uses the plurality of spread codes supplied by the synchronizing circuit/code generator to demodulate the base-band signal.

Abstract: A spread spectrum receiving apparatus comprises: a reproducing circuit to reproduce a carrier signal from a reception signal and a diffusion code; a demodulation circuit to demodulate the reception signal into a base band signal on the basis of the carrier signal reproduced by the reproducing circuit; and a judgment circuit to judge the reception data from the base band signal from the demodulation circuit. The reproducing circuit has an operation circuit to arithmetically operate the reception signal and the diffusion code and a detection circuit to detect a difference between the phases of an output of the operation circuit and an output of an oscillator. The oscillator oscillates at a carrier frequency in accordance with a phase difference detected by the detecting circuit.

Abstract: A spread spectrum communication apparatus receives a preamble signal or a postamble signal as a pilot signal, and applies a correlative demodulation by using a single spread signal to the pilot signal, and a correlative output obtained after the correlative demodulation is compared to a reference value. If the correlative output is equal to or greater than the reference value, then it is recognized as a preamble or postamble signal. In accordance with a trailing edge of the preamble signal or a leading edge of the postamble signal, a start point or an end point of information transmission can be recognized, respectively, in a lower level of a communication system without using a unique word in a data stream, thereby reducing overhead of an upper level protocol and improving data transmission efficiency.

Abstract: A communication apparatus for code-division multiplexing a transmission path includes a spread spectrum transmitter and receiver. The spread spectrum transmitter includes a code-division multiple signal generator, a non-linear code-division multiple signal converter, and a transmitter for transmitting the converted signal. The code-division multiple signal is converted so that the transmitted signal has a plurality of amplitude values. The spread spectrum receiver includes a code-division multiple signal receiver, a non-linear converter for converting an amplitude of the received code-division multiple signal, and a de-spreader for de-spreading the non-linearly converted code-division multiple signal.

Abstract: A diffusion code generating method for a code division multiplex communication by a spread spectrum system is provided. A receiving apparatus according to the above method receives the signal which was multiplexed by using a plurality of sets of diffusion codes and comprises: a generator to generate a sync code and a plurality of sets of diffusion codes other than the sync code; a correlator to obtain a correlation between a reception signal and the sync code generated from the generator; and a receiver to receive the reception signal on the basis of the plurality of sets of diffusion codes generated from the generator. The generator generates the sync code in a manner such that the cross-correlation values are set to very small values at positions near a code sync point or are enough smaller than the autocorrelation peak of the sync code or are set to very small values at both of or either one of the positions before and after the code sync point.

Abstract: A heat storage tank in which heat storage and heat discharge operations are carried out through heat-exchange between heat storage agent and heat transfer medium to store electric power as latent heat, including plural heat storage members which are arranged in a fill-up state in the heat storage tank, each heat storage member holding therein the heat storage agent which alternately repeats latent heat storing and discharging operations through solid-liquid phase variation thereof, and comprising an elongated hollow container formed of material which can keep itself in a hollow shape. The heat storage members are arranged with their open end portions faced up and so as to be spaced from one another at such an interval that the heat transfer medium can flow through gaps between neighboring heat storage members, then the heat storage agent is supplied through the open ends into the heat storage members, and then the heat transfer medium is supplied into the heat storage tank.

Abstract: A latent heat storage tank is filled with antifreeze solution such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, calcium chloride and a plurality of bundles of cylindrical latent heat containers in the form of tubes or pipes which float perpendicularly to the antifreeze surface. The antifreeze solution is circulated by a refrigerator provided outside the latent heat storage tank. Each cylindrical latent heat container contains water or other liquid which is cooled to become ice by said antifreeze solution which has been cooled by said refrigerator driven by inexpensive night time electric power.

Abstract: A device for attenuating pulsation of a fluid in a piping system comprises fluid-branching pipes extending from the piping system in which there are pulsation waves, and a plurality of orifice elements and a plurality of discs disposed in a dispersed fashion and having a small reflection factor of the pulsation wave and having a total friction factor greater than that of the entire piping system, thereby providing the effect of attenuating the pulsation of the fluid within the system without increasing the resistance of the piping system without increasing power consumption.