Abstract: An image forming system includes one or more image forming apparatuses and a management apparatus. The management apparatus includes: a software component retention part configured to retain one or more software components in a storage unit, the software components each being configured to generate output format data in a data format interpretable by a printer engine of a corresponding one or more of the image forming apparatuses from application data; a determination part configured to determine, based on the specified image forming apparatus, one of the software components to be used to generate the output format data corresponding to the specified image forming apparatus; and a transmission part configured to transmit the generated output format data to the specified image forming apparatus. The specified image forming apparatus includes an image forming part to form a predetermined image on an image forming medium based on the transmitted output format data.

Abstract: An image forming system includes a plurality of image forming apparatuses, a management apparatus configured to manage and operate the image forming system, and a plurality of communication control apparatuses each configured to control data communication between the management apparatus and a corresponding image forming apparatus, wherein the management apparatus includes a software component storing unit configured to store one or more software components in a predetermined storage area of a storage device of the management apparatus, the one or more software components being each configured to generate print data recognizable by a corresponding image forming apparatus and a selecting unit configured to select a software component from the one or more software components in response to the print request, the selected software component being used to generate print data corresponding to the image forming apparatus selected as a printing apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming system includes a plurality of image forming apparatuses, a management apparatus configured to manage and operate the image forming system, and a plurality of communication control apparatuses each configured to control data communication between the management apparatus and a corresponding image forming apparatus, wherein the management apparatus includes a software component storing unit configured to store one or more software components in a predetermined storage area of a storage device of the management apparatus, the one or more software components being each configured to generate print data recognizable by a corresponding image forming apparatus and a selecting unit configured to select a software component from the one or more software components in response to the print request, the selected software component being used to generate print data corresponding to the image forming apparatus selected as a printing apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming system includes one or more image forming apparatuses and a management apparatus. The management apparatus includes: a software component retention part configured to retain one or more software components in a storage unit, the software components each being configured to generate output format data in a data format interpretable by a printer engine of a corresponding one or more of the image forming apparatuses from application data; a determination part configured to determine, based on the specified image forming apparatus, one of the software components to be used to generate the output format data corresponding to the specified image forming apparatus; and a transmission part configured to transmit the generated output format data to the specified image forming apparatus. The specified image forming apparatus includes an image forming part to form a predetermined image on an image forming medium based on the transmitted output format data.

Abstract: A solid catalyst component for polymerization of olefins prepared by reacting a titanium halide, a diester of aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a dialkoxymagnesium having a bulk density of at least 0.25 g/ml and an average particle size of 1 to 100 .mu.m. The average rate of temperature rise from the temperature at which the titanium halide is allowed to come in contact with the dialkoxymagnesium to the temperature at which the reaction is initiated is in a range of from 0.5 to 20.degree. C./min. Such catalyst can further comprise an organic aluminum compound and an organic silicon compound. The use of said catalyst makes it possible to efficiently obtain a polyolefin having a high stereoregularity, a high bulk density and excellent particle properties.

Abstract: A touch sensing unit has an ac signal generator for supplying an ac signal to a semiconductor chip of a semiconductor wafer or a test probe needle, and a touch sensor for sensing formation of an ac signal loop passing an ac signal of the signal generator when the test probe needle and the IC chip are touched with each other by being relatively approached to each other.

Abstract: A probing test device is provided for contacting a plurality of probes with pads on a semiconductor wafer to be tested and supplying a test signal to a tester comprising a CPU for previously storing, as a reference image, the image signal obtained when the probes are correctly contacted with the electrode pads. The probing test device includes a mechanism for positioning these probes to be contacted with the pads on the wafer by moving the tested wafer relative to the probes, an optical system for image sensing those portions at which the probes are contacted with the pads, and a mechanism for positioning the optical system near to the pads by moving the optical system relative to the wafer. The CPU performs a comparison of the reference image signal with that image signal sensed for those portions at which the probes are contacted with the pads.