Abstract: An azetidinone derivative represented by the general formula (1) (wherein OR1 is a protected hydroxyl group; R2 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group) is reacted with an ester compound represented by the formula (2) (wherein CO2R3 is an esterified carboxyl group; X and Y are the same or different and represent individually a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubs

Abstract: A method of effecting serotonin-2-receptor antagonism in a mammal in need thereof, which includes administering to the mammal an effective amount of the compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein ring P, the dashed line, A, Y, Z1 and Z2 are defined herein.

Abstract: A method of effecting serotonin-2-receptor antagonism in a mammal in need thereof, which includes administering to the mammal an effective amount of the compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 1

Abstract: A 1-aryl-1,8-naphthylidin-4-one derivative having the formula (I): wherein R1 indicates a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, R2, R3, and R4 independently indicate a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a halogen atom, X indicates a group NR5R6 or a group OR7, wherein R5 and R6 independently indicate a hydrogen a atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, and R7 indicates a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group or a salt or solvate thereof and a type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor containing the same as an effective component.

Abstract: A method of effecting serotonin-2-receptor antagonism in a mammal in need thereof, which entails administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein ring P, the dashed line, Z1, Z2, A and Y are as defined herein.

Abstract: A method of effecting serotonin-2-receptor antagonism in a mammal in need thereof, which entails administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: 1

Abstract: A 1-aryl-1,8-naphthylidin-4-one derivative having the formula (I): 1

Abstract: A 1-cycloalkyl-1,8-naphthylidin-4-one derivative having the formula (I): wherein R1 indicates a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl group, R2, R3, and R4 independently indicate a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a halogen atom, X indicates a group NR5R6 or a group OR7, wherein R5 and R6 independently indicate a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, and R7 indicates a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof and a type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor containing the same as an effective component.

Abstract: A 1-aryl-1,8-naphthylidin-4-one derivative having the formula (I): wherein R1 indicates a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, R2, R3, and R4 independently indicate a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a halogen atom, X indicates a group NR5R6 or a group OR7, wherein R5 and R6 independently indicate a hydrogen a atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group, and R7 indicates a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl group or a salt or solvate thereof and a type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor containing the same as an effective component.

Abstract: A method for treating a circulatory disease or condition in a mammal, which entails administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein the ring P represented by  is a pyrrole ring having the following structure: wherein R1 represents C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C4-C8 cycloalkyl-alkyl, C6-C14 aryl or C7-C22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; and R2 represents H or C1-C8 alkyl, which is optionally substituted; the dashed line indicates the presence or absence of a bond; and, when the bond is present, Z2 is not present and Z1 represents H, but, when the bond is absent, Z1 and Z2 are both H; Z1 represents H and Z2 represents a group OR3, in which R3 represents H, C1-C8 alkyl, or C7-C22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; Z1 and Z2 both represent groups SR4, in which R4 represents C1-C8 alkyl or C7-C22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; or Z1 and

Abstract: A pyrroloazepine compound having the following formula (I): whereinthe ring P represented by ##STR1## is a pyrrole ring having the following structure: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl-alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; and R.sub.2 represents H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, which is optionally substituted; the dashed line indicates the presence or absence of a bond; and, when the bond is present, Z.sub.2 is not present and Z.sub.1 represents H, but, when the bond is absent, Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are both H; Z.sub.1 represents H and Z.sub.2 represents a group OR.sub.3, in which R.sub.3 represents H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 both represent groups SR.sub.4, in which R.sub.4 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.22 aralkyl, which are optionally substituted; or Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.