Abstract: A stop line recognition device includes a driving environment information obtainer obtaining driving environment information; and a driving environment recognizer recognizing a driving environment. The driving environment recognizer includes: a stop line candidate detector detecting a stop line candidate from a luminance difference of a road surface; a stop line determiner determining whether the stop line candidate is a stop line; a section line detector detecting at least one section line intersecting the stop line candidate; a luminance distribution processor obtaining a luminance distribution of the section line; and a luminance for stop line false detection pattern detector examining whether a bright portion sandwiched between dark portions is detected in a pre-set search range of the section line. The stop line determiner determines that the stop line candidate is not a stop line when a bright portion sandwiched between dark portions has been detected in the search range.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus to be applied to a vehicle includes a detector, a determiner, a processor, and an estimator. The detector detects first distance data on a first distance to a first target based on a distance image. The determiner determines, based on vehicle position data on a position of the vehicle and the first distance data, whether map data includes an object corresponding to the first target. The processor calculates second distance data on a second distance between the first target and a second target having a predetermined relationship with the first target based on the map data when the determiner determines that the map data includes the object corresponding to the first target. The estimator estimates position data of the second target based on the first distance data and the second distance data.

Abstract: A developer comprising at least one polyvalent metal salt of a nuclear substituted salicylic acid of the following general formula is provided. ##STR1## In the formula, R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group provided that at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a secondary butyl group, a secondary hexyl group, an isohexyl group, a secondary octyl group, an isononyl group, a secondary decyl group, a secondary dodecyl group or an isododecyl group and the total number of the carbon atoms in R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is from 9 to 18, M is a polyvalent metal atom, and m is a valence of M. An aqueous dispersion containing the developer and a method for preparing the developer are also described.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a developer for pressure-sensitive recording sheet, having superior handling performance and storage stability in a high concentration and a process for producing the dispersion are provided, which developer is expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may be the same or different and represent H, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, alkylene, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylene, phenyl, nucleus-substituted phenyl, aralkyl or nucleus-aralkyl; adjacent two of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 may form a ring; n is an integer of one or more; and M is Mg, Ca, Zn, Al, Fe, Co, Ni or a basic ion of the foregoing, and which developer has a softening point of 30.degree. C. or higher and is dispersed in water, containing a dispersing agent, the size of particles of the developer being 0.3 to 5.mu.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive manifold paper is prepared with use of microcapsules having enclosed therein an organic solvent, a color former contained in the solvent, and an alkylphenol compound and/or a mercaptan added to the solvent. The paper affords prints resistant to light and has a color forming layer which remains free of coloration and gives prints of original color even when exposed to light.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing triarylmethane derivatives of a high purity in an extremely high yield from 3-phenylphthalide derivatives and aniline derivatives or indole derivatives with Friedel-Crafts type catalyst or Friedel-Crafts type catalyst and an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing triarylmethane derivatives of a high purity in an extremely high yield from 3-phenylphthalide derivatives and aniline derivatives or indole derivatives with Friedel-Crafts type catalyst or Friedel-Crafts type catalyst and an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: The method of making oil-containing microcapsules comprises the steps of (1) preparing an aqueous system comprising an aqueous solution of at least two kinds of hydrophilic colloid materials with opposite electric charges and oil droplets dispersed in said solution (2) causing coacervation in said aqueous system at a temperature above the gelation points of said hydrophilic colloid materials to form a coacervate suspension in which each of said oil droplets is surrounded by a coacervate and (3) cooling said coacervate suspension to a temperature below the gelation points of said hydrophilic colloid materials to form multi-nucleus capsules. During the step of cooling the coacervate suspension, aggregation of particles of oil droplets each having a coacervate therearound is controlled by an agitation flow so as to allow formation of multi-nucleus microcapsules having an average diameter within the range of 3 to 20 microns.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing triarylmethane derivatives of a high purity in an extremely high yield from 3-phenylphthalide derivatives and aniline derivatives or indole derivatives with Friedel-Crafts type catalyst or Friedel-Crafts type catalyst and an oxidizing agent.