Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication system, comprising: a base station providing communication by a plurality of communication methods; and a mobile node for communicating with the base station by the plurality of communication methods. The mobile node calculates a first distance between a wireless LAN access point and the mobile node; and judges whether the communication by the wireless LAN is possible by comparing the calculated first distance and a second distance that is a distance within which communication by a wireless LAN is available.

Abstract: There is provided a communication system including a base station and a terminal which communicates with the base station through a plurality of communication methods. The base station is configured to predict a position of the terminal; select a communication method optimal for the terminal based on the predicted position; and notify the terminal of the selected communication method. The terminal is configured to measure the position of the terminal by prediction which is similar to the position prediction by the base station; and select the communication method notified from the base station in the case of which a difference between a result of the position prediction and a result of the measurement is smaller than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: There is provided a communication system including a base station and a terminal which communicates with the base station through a plurality of communication methods. The base station is configured to predict a position of the terminal; select a communication method optimal for the terminal based on the predicted position; and notify the terminal of the selected communication method. The terminal is configured to measure the position of the terminal by prediction which is similar to the position prediction by the base station; and select the communication method notified from the base station in the case of which a difference between a result of the position prediction and a result of the measurement is smaller than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication system, comprising: a base station providing communication by a plurality of communication methods; and a mobile node for communicating with the base station by the plurality of communication methods. The mobile node calculates a first distance between a wireless LAN access point and the mobile node; and judges whether the communication by the wireless LAN is possible by comparing the calculated first distance and a second distance that is a distance within which communication by a wireless LAN is available.

Abstract: A recycling system has a recycle information memory database for storing as recycle information, the information on all reutilizable products such as products produced or used under the management of the system, products treated as wastes, and products currently being used in the market. A virtual recycle product designing section is provided for estimating times when the reutilizable products are recovered as products usable for recycling as well as their volumes, based on the recycle information stored in the recycle information memory database. A production scheduling section is provided for setting a production schedule of a recycle product using the reutilizable products based on the estimated times and volumes.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a plurality of filters for obtaining reusable toner from used toner scraped off of an image carrier. Also included is a reusable toner container for storing the reusable toner, and a toner transfer device for transferring the reusable toner stored in the reusable toner container to a developing device so that the reusable toner is reused by the developing device. The plurality of filters have a different mesh-size and are positioned in a used toner stream in an order based on the different mesh-size.

Abstract: A power saving device for use in a power supply circuit has an electronic switching element which is turned on when a pushbutton normally open type switch is closed to actuate a DC-DC converter and a fully electronic control system which forces the electronic switching element into the non-conduction state after a predetermined time interval, to interrupt the connection of a low-voltage power source to the DC-DC converter.

Abstract: In a camera, a device for indicating photographic exposure conditions in which an electrooptic element or window is incorporated in a finder system in such a way that when exposure conditions such as the brightness of an object, the conditions of a battery and the condition of an electronic flash device are unsatisfactory so that an erratic exposure will result, the electrooptic element or window is rendered opaque totally or intermittently so that the image of an object cannot be viewed or is hardly viewed.

Abstract: A camera in which a supertelephotographic lens system and a standard photographic lens system are arranged within a camera body and a standard viewfinder system and a supertelephotographic viewfinder system are so arranged that an operator can view an image of a subject through the same eyepiece window in either the standard or supertelephotographic mode. In addition, a control means is provided for controlling the use of a built-in electronic flash depending upon the selected mode and more particularly for inhibiting the use of the flash in the case of the supertelephotographic mode.

Abstract: A camera which has a macro-photographic optical system for taking the magnified picture of a minute object or specimen, a first viewfinder system for permitting to view the magnified image of the object or specimen in the case of macro-photography, an illumination source for illuminating the object or specimen in the case of macro-photography, a normal or standard photographic optical system for taking the standard picture of a subject or object, a second viewfinder system such as an inverted Galilean finder used in the case of standard photography and an electronic flash. The selection of the macro-photographic mode or the standard photographic mode can be accomplished only by shifting a single optical element; that is, a reflecting mirror mounted in a mirror box.The camera has such a superior feature that the camera is very simple in construction yet capable of highly effective results in practice while in the case of macro-photography, a specimen can be clearly viewed and sharply focused.

Abstract: In an electronic flash device used as an artificial light source in photography, a liquid crystal plate or window is disposed in front of a flash unit comprising a flash lamp and a reflector and a voltage is applied or not applied to the liquid crystal plate or window depending upon the type; that is, the focal length or angle of view of a photographic lens attached to a camera body, whereby the angle of flash illumination can be varied suitably depending upon the lens type.

Abstract: A flash camera having features that an aperture control is made in accordance with the factors whether a film sensitivity is high or low and besides whether a flash apparatus is used, that a constant-voltage circuit of small power consumption is employed thereby enabling to flow current to a meter either continuously or before a photographing and to be free from exposure errors arising from a damping movement of a pointer of the meter and so on, and that an operation of the constant-voltage circuit is controlled by a change-over switch to compensate light intensity variations of a strobe apparatus when power source voltage varies.

Abstract: An auxiliary electronic flash apparatus coactuable with a main electronic flash apparatus of the type having a first flash lamp for converting the energy stored on a first main capacitor into light for illuminating a subject, and a control circuit for turning off the first flash lamp when the light emitted from the first flash lamp and reflected back from the subject reaches a predetermined amount. The auxiliary electronic flash apparatus includes a photometric circuit responsive only to the light emitted from the first flash lamp within a predetermined light wavelength range for generating a flash start signal in response to which a second flash lamp in the auxiliary electronic flash apparatus is turned on and for generating a flash and signal in response to which the second flash lamp is turned off.

Abstract: In a flash camera having a zone-focusing system and an electronic flash device in one united body, wherein the flash camera comprises an electro-luminescence device for emitting light by AC output fed from a DC-DC converter circuit in the electronic flash device, an indicator having symbol marks for indicating an object distance and illuminated by the electro-luminescence device, and a pointer, linked to a focus-adjusting device for adjusting focus of the main photographic lens of the camera, for pointing the symbol marks on the indicator. The symbol marks can be easily identified through the illumination by the electro-luminescence device and further a voltage decrease of power source battery in the DC-DC converter circuit can be easily and clearly observed.

Abstract: In a camera of the type including an electronic flash light unit with a relatively large-capacity capacitor and an electronic shutter which are supplied with power from a common power source battery, the power source battery is checked to determine whether it is in good condition for service. When the battery is electrically connected to the flash light unit, the operation of the battery checker to detect the voltage across the battery, is prevented by either a mechanical switch or a slide cover that covers the indication of the battery checker.

Abstract: A camera using an instant print film wherein when the environmental temperature is outside the permissible temperature range in which a print with satisfactory qualities may be obtained, a light emitting element lights up, giving an alarm signal to a user indicating that he must adjust a developing time interval and/or an exposure value so that an optimum print may be obtained.

Abstract: A flash and camera device integrally incorporating an automatic exposure camera which automatically adjusts the exposure depending on the brightness of an object and an electronic flash device which is capable of controlling the light intensity of a flash discharge tube which fires by consuming the charged energy of a main discharging capacitor. The amount of incident light to a first light sensor for controlling the exposure of the automatic exposure camera and the amount of light reflected from the object, which impinges on a second light sensor for controlling the light intensity of the electronic flash device, are changed in linked manner for simultaneously adjusting the exposure and the light intensity in accordance with the brightness of the object and the sensitivity of a film.

Abstract: Voltage indication means for an electronic flashing device in which a low D.C. voltage is converted to a high D.C. voltage by a DC-DC converter circuit and energy stored in a main discharging capacitor is supplied to a flashing discharge tube to fire it, wherein the charged voltage of the main discharge capacitor is indicated by utilizing the fact that the charged voltage of the main capacitor is in equivalent relation with a voltage generated in the DC-DC converter.