Abstract: A communication system in which a server-side system and a client-side system are communicably connected via a network, the server-side system including: an information reception unit that receives an input information packet including input information and loss chunk numbers from the client-side system; a video processing unit that generates video data; a chunking function unit that chunks the video data and assigns a number to each chunk; a chunk loss determination unit that calculates a chunk loss rate and determines a transmission interval on the basis of a transmission interval determination logic; and a transmission control unit that transmits the chunked video data to the client-side system.

Abstract: A cell according to the present disclosure includes: a first electrode layer; a solid electrolyte layer on the first electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer containing Zr; a middle layer on the solid electrolyte layer, the middle layer containing CeO2 which contains Ce and a rare earth element other than Ce; a second electrode layer on the middle layer; and a boundary region between the solid electrolyte layer and the middle layer, the boundary region including a basing point at which a molarity of Ce and a molarity of Zr are equal. An average molarity of the Ce within a range from the basing point up to 3 ?m toward the solid electrolyte layer is equal to or less than 10 mol % with respect to a total of Ce, Zr, and other rare earth elements, an average molarity of Zr within the range is equal to or more than 70 mol % with respect to a total of Ce, Zr, and other rare earth elements, or a molarity ratio of Ce with respect to Zr within the range is equal to or less than 0.143.

Abstract: A cell includes an element portion, a gas-flow passage, a first metal portion, a second metal portion, and a reinforcing portion. Reaction gas flows through the gas-flow passage. The first metal portion is located between one surface side of the gas-flow passage and the element portion, and supports the element portion. The second metal portion is located on the other surface side opposite to the one surface side of the gas-flow passage. The reinforcing portion is located inside the gas-flow passage and faces the first metal portion and the second metal portion.

Abstract: A cell includes an element portion and a metal member. The metal member includes a first gas-flow passage and a second gas-low passage, and supports the element portion. First gas flows through the first gas-flow passage. Second gas flows through the second gas-flow passage.

Abstract: A cell stack device includes at least one cell and at least one conductive member. The cell includes an element portion. The conductive member includes a base member containing chromium, a first layer containing an oxide containing zinc, and a zinc spinel portion located at the interface between the base member and the first layer. The first layer includes a first region facing the element portion. A first overlap area ratio, at which the zinc spinel portion located at a first interface between the first region and the base member overlaps with the first interface, is less than a second overlap area ratio, at which the zinc spinel portion located at a second interface between a second region where the surface of the first layer is exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere and the base member overlaps with the second interface.

Abstract: Provided are a cell (1), a cell stack device (20), a module (30), and a module housing device (40). The cell 1 includes a metal plate (2) having a pair of surfaces, which are a first surface (2a) and a second surface (2b) that face each other, an element portion (6) disposed on the first surface (2a) of the metal plate (2), and including a first electrode layer (3), a solid electrolyte layer (4) located on the first electrode layer (3), and a second electrode layer (5) located on the solid electrolyte layer (4), and an intermediate layer (9) located between the first surface (2a) and the first electrode layer (3). The intermediate layer (9) has a plurality of first through holes penetrating through the intermediate layer (9) in a thickness direction.

Abstract: Provided are a cell (1), a cell stack device (20), a module (30), and a module housing device (40). The cell (1) includes a metal plate (2) having a pair of surfaces, which are a first surface (2a) and a second surface that face each other, and containing Cr, an element portion (6) disposed on the metal plate (2), the element portion (6) including a first electrode layer (3), a solid electrolyte layer (4) located on the first electrode layer (3), and a second electrode layer (5) located on the solid electrolyte layer (4), and a first intermediate layer (9) located between the first surface (2a) of the metal plate (2) and the first electrode layer (3). The first intermediate layer 9 contains Cr2O3 and a first electrically conductive particle different from Cr2O3.

Abstract: A cell stack device including: a cell stack comprising a plurality of cells; a support member; and a fixing part between the support member and the at least one cell of the plurality of cells, wherein in a cross section including the support member, the fixing part, and the at least one cell, the fixing part includes: a first region arranged close to the support member; a second region closer to the at least one cell than the first region; and a third region between the first region and the second region, and at least one of the first region and the second region includes a porous region having a porosity that is higher than a porosity of the third region.

Abstract: A cell according to the present disclosure includes: a first electrode layer; a solid electrolyte layer on the first electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer containing Zr; a middle layer on the solid electrolyte layer, the middle layer containing CeO2 which contains Ce and a rare earth element other than Ce; a second electrode layer on the middle layer; and a boundary region between the solid electrolyte layer and the middle layer, the boundary region including a basing point at which a molarity of Ce and a molarity of Zr are equal. An average molarity of the Ce within a range from the basing point up to 3 ?m toward the solid electrolyte layer is equal to or less than 10 mol % with respect to a total of Ce, Zr, and other rare earth elements, an average molarity of Zr within the range is equal to or more than 70 mol % with respect to a total of Ce, Zr, and other rare earth elements, or a molarity ratio of Ce with respect to Zr within the range is equal to or less than 0.143.

Abstract: A cell stack device including: a cell stack comprising a plurality of cells; a support member; and a fixing part between the support member and the at least one cell of the plurality of cells, wherein in a cross section including the support member, the fixing part, and the at least one cell, the fixing part includes: a first region arranged close to the support member; a second region closer to the at least one cell than the first region; and a third region between the first region and the second region, and at least one of the first region and the second region includes a porous region having a porosity that is higher than a porosity of the third region.

Abstract: An electrically conductive member of the present disclosure includes a base member containing chromium (Cr), and a first layer provided on a surface of the base member and containing chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3). The first layer also contains titanium (Ti).

Abstract: An electrically conductive member of the present disclosure includes a base member containing chromium (Cr), and a first layer provided on a surface of the base member and containing chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3). The first layer also contains titanium (Ti).

Abstract: A composite body in which the Cr diffusion can be sufficiently reduced and conductivity is good, a collector member, a fuel battery cell device, and a fuel battery device are provided. The composite body includes a substrate containing Cr, and a coating layer covering at least a part of the substrate, in which the coating layer includes a first layer containing Cr among constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a chromium oxide crystal, a second layer disposed on the first layer, containing Zn, Al, and Cr among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a spinel type crystal, a third layer disposed on the second layer, containing Zn and Mn among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a spinel type crystal, and a fourth layer disposed on the third layer, containing Zn among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a zinc oxide crystal.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a composite body in which the Cr diffusion can be sufficiently reduced and conductivity is good, a collector member, a fuel battery cell device, and a fuel battery device. [Solution] The composite body includes a substrate 200 containing Cr, and a coating layer 205 covering at least a part of the substrate 200, in which the coating layer 205 includes a first layer 201 containing Cr among constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a chromium oxide crystal, a second layer 202 disposed on the first layer 201, containing Zn, Al, and Cr among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a spinel type crystal, a third layer 203 disposed on the second layer 202, containing Zn and Mn among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a spinel type crystal, and a fourth layer 204 disposed on the third layer 203, containing Zn among the constituent elements excluding oxygen, and including a zinc oxide crystal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat-resistant alloy member which hardly causes external diffusion of Cr, an alloy member for a fuel cell, a collector member for a fuel cell, a cell stack, and a fuel cell apparatus. The surface of a collector base material 201 containing Cr is coated with a Cr diffusion preventing layer 203 made of an oxide containing Zn and Mn and a coating layer 202 made of an oxide containing Zn is formed on the surface of the Cr diffusion preventing layer 203. The coating layer 202 preferably contains at least one kind of Al and Fe as a trivalent or higher valent positive metal element.

Abstract: An electrode support for fuel cells, the electrode support being made of a porous material having a Ni phase of Ni or NiO and an inorganic skeletal material phase, wherein an oxidation/reduction expansion-suppressing metal M of at least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Mn is solidly dissolved in the Ni phase or is biasedly distributed on the grain boundaries between the Ni phase and the inorganic skeletal material phase. The electrode support has its volume very little expanded or contracted even in an environment in which it is exposed to the reducing atmosphere and the oxidizing atmosphere alternately.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conductive sintered body capable of being effectively prevented from reduction-induced expansion, as well as to a conductive member for fuel cell, a fuel cell, and a fuel cell apparatus. The conductive sintered body contains a first composite oxide phase (59) based on lanthanum chromite and a second composite oxide phase (55) containing Mg and Ni, and around the second composite oxide phase (55), Ni (57) is deposited. Such a conductive sintered body is used for fuel cell. Further, a conductive member for such a fuel cell is composed of a fuel electrode layer (32) and an oxide electrode layer (34) with a solid electrolyte layer (33) held therebetween; and is used as an interconnector (35) of a fuel cell (30) which is provided with the interconnector (35) connected to the fuel electrode layer (32).

Abstract: A composite body includes a substrate containing Cr; and a first composite oxide layer disposed on at least a part of a surface of the substrate, the first composite oxide layer having a spinel type crystal structure, a first largest content and a second largest content among constituent elements excluding oxygen of the first composite oxide layer being Zn and Al in random order. Accordingly, the composite body can suppress diffusion of Cr from the substrate containing Cr to the first composite oxide layer, and has improved long-term reliability. A collector member and a gas tank, each of which is formed of the composite body, can have improved long-term reliability. A fuel cell device having excellent long-term reliability can be obtained using the collector member and the gas tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat-resistant alloy member which hardly causes external diffusion of Cr, an alloy member for a fuel cell, a collector member for a fuel cell, a cell stack, and a fuel cell apparatus. The surface of a collector base material 201 containing Cr is coated with a Cr diffusion preventing layer 203 made of an oxide containing Zn and Mn and a coating layer 202 made of an oxide containing Zn is formed on the surface of the Cr diffusion preventing layer 203. The coating layer 202 preferably contains at least one kind of Al and Fe as a trivalent or higher valent positive metal element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conductive sintered body capable of being effectively prevented from reduction-induced expansion, as well as to a conductive member for fuel cell, a fuel cell, and a fuel cell apparatus. The conductive sintered body contains a first composite oxide phase (59) based on lanthanum chromite and a second composite oxide phase (55) containing Mg and Ni, and around the second composite oxide phase (55), Ni (57) is deposited. Such a conductive sintered body is used for fuel cell. Further, a conductive member for such a fuel cell is composed of a fuel electrode layer (32) and an oxide electrode layer (34) with a solid electrolyte layer (33) held therebetween; and is used as an interconnector (35) of a fuel cell (30) which is provided with the interconnector (35) connected to the fuel electrode layer (32).