Abstract: A chip on submount includes: a submount including a first surface directed in a first direction; a covering layer mounted on the first surface, extending to intersect the first direction, and including a second surface directed in the first direction; a laser element mounted on the second surface and including: a third surface directed in the first direction; and a light emission unit positioned at an intermediate portion of the laser element along a second direction intersecting the first direction, extending in a third direction intersecting the first direction and second direction, and configured to output laser light in the third direction; and a bonding wire attached onto the third surface and configured to exert a pressing force on the laser element, the pressing force including a component force directed in a direction opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective and safe prophylactic and therapeutic pharmaceutical agent and supplement for corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders. This is a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent for corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders comprising eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid, a glycerin ester or phospholipid comprising these fatty acids as constituent fatty acids, or a lower alcohol ester of these fatty acids as active ingredients. These preferably comprise EPA and/or DHA in the form of a refined fish oil or refined krill oil. A total of at least approximately 50 to 5,000 mg of EPA and/or DHA or the esters thereof are taken daily, thereby easing corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders. In addition, the amount of tears may be recovered.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective and safe prophylactic and therapeutic pharmaceutical agent and supplement for corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders. This is a therapeutic and/or prophylactic agent for corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders comprising eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid, a glycerin ester or phospholipid comprising these fatty acids as constituent fatty acids, or a lower alcohol ester of these fatty acids as active ingredients. These preferably comprise EPA and/or DHA in the form of a refined fish oil or refined krill oil. A total of at least approximately 50 to 5,000 mg of EPA and/or DHA or the esters thereof are taken daily, thereby easing corneal epithelium disorders and/or conjunctival epithelial disorders. In addition, the amount of tears may be recovered.

Abstract: A method for separating electrolytes which have different charges of the same sign or of carrying out ion exchange of electrolytes with counterions, which comprises causing the electrolytes (anion or cation) to pass through a positively or negatively charged loose reverse-osmotic membrane, in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for separating basic amino acids from a liquid containing the same using cation exchange resin towers in series, which comprises effecting repetitive adsorption and elution steps in sequence, wherein the washing water employed in said adsorption and elution steps is obtained by recycling the latter portion of a liquid discharged from a first tower of the adsorption step into an adsorption step in a subsequent cycle, or by recycling a liquid discharged from a first tower at the elution step into an elution step in a subsequent cycle.

Abstract: A method for preventing fouling of an electrodialysis membrane when conducting desalting of an inorganic salt-containing aqueous solution containing electrodialysis membrane-fouling substances, which is characterized by adjusting the pH of the solution to the isoelectric points of the fouling substances.

Abstract: A method for separating a basic amino acid from its fermentation broth, or the liquid resulting from the intermediate treatment of the fermentation broth, containing high-molecular weight contaminants which entails permeating the broth, or liquids resulting from the intermediate treatment of the broth, through a semi-permeable membrane, until the basic amino acid is separated from the high-molecular weight contaminants, by passing through the membrane in the permeate; contacting the permeate with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin; and eluting the adsorbed basic amino acid from the cation exchange resin.

Abstract: An equimolar salt of lysine and 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid is disclosed along with a process of preparing this salt.

Abstract: A process for purifying lysine in a lysine production process, which involves passing a solution containing lysine over a cation exchange resin such that lysine adsorbs onto the resin, eluting adsorbed lysine from the resin with an aqueous solution of ammonia to produce a lysine-containing elution liquid, passing the elution liquid directly to a reverse osmosis membrane system, and concentrating the lysine-containing elution liquid with the reverse osmosis membrane system such that ammonia is selectively removed from the lysine containing elution; the aqueous ammonia which is separated from the lysine may be recycled through the cation exchange resin to regenerate the resin or to elute more lysine from the resin.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fermentation starting material from cane molasses which comprises: inverting most of the sugar contained in cane molasses either enzymatically with invertase or with a mineral acid, passing the cane molasses containing invert sugar through a column containing a cation exchange resin, eluting invert sugar from the resin with water (pH 5-8), and obtaining an eluate fraction containing the invert sugar to be used as a carbon source for the production of L-glutamic acid by a fermentation technique.

Abstract: A method for removing impurities including humic substances, gums, polysaccharides, proteins or a mixture thereof from an amino acid fermented liquor obtained from cane, beet molasses, or a mixture thereof, said amino acid being selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, lysine, and a mixture thereof; said method comprising:(a) adjusting the pH of the fermented liquor to a value of from 2-5 to precipitate said impurities, said impurities having an isoelectric point falling within a pH range of 2-5;(b) ultrafiltering said impurities from said fermented liquor using a semipermeable ultrafiltration membrane.

Abstract: A crab meat flavored seasoning composition, comprising:(a) not less than 50% by wt. of amino acids,(b) not less than 2% by wt. of 5'-nucleotides,(c) not less than 30% by wt. of inorganic salts,(d) not less than 1% by wt. of glucides and(e) a substantial amount of crab shell extract or synthetic crab aromatics; said amino acids comprising not less than 40% by wt. of glycine, not less than 40% by wt. of arginine and glutamic acid and not less than 10% by wt. of alanine, said 5'-nucleotides comprising not less than 50% by wt. of GMP and said inorganic salts comprising not less than 20% by wt. of potassium ion, not less than 40% by wt. of phosphate ion and not more than 40% by wt. of sodium and chlorine ions.