Abstract: An antifreeze solution includes a urea, a surfactant, a purified glycerol, and one of water and alkaline reducing water. The combination of the urea, the surfactant, the purified glycerol, and the water or the alkaline reducing water can be used for a depletion prevention agent for a plant, and can be used for a heating medium solution.

Abstract: A water vapor pressure lowering agent which is safe, is easily mixed with seal water, and is usable even in a cold region; the water vapor pressure lowering agent includes urea, a surfactant, purified glycerol, and water or alkaline reducing water, and the purified glycerol is obtained by purifying waste glycerol containing ethanol, an oil or fat, water, and a carbide by distillation. In a method for preventing seal breakage in a drain trap (T) by using the water vapor pressure lowering agent, the vapor pressure lowering agent is introduced such that a liquid level is equal to or higher than a seal water maintenance lower limit in a seal water portion of the drain trap (T).

Abstract: Provided are a bath additive, an external preparation for skin, a reducing agent for water, a method for producing a reduced water, a reduced water, and a method for reducing an object, each of which prevents aging and provides excellent advantageous effects in health maintenance and cosmetic advantageous effects. Those described above contain: at least one type of a first alkaline agent selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, and sodium carbonate; at least one type of a second alkaline agent selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts; and sodium borohydride as a hydrogen generating agent.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a phosphorescent body which allows efficient production of a granule-shaped phosphorescent body with a simple facility and a phosphorescent body produced by the process, and a nail stone including the phosphorescent body. In a process for producing a phosphorescent body containing at least a phosphorescent material and a glass material, at least the phosphorescent material and the glass material are mixed to give a paste mixture 2. A plurality of layers of the mixture 2 are stacked to form a granule-shaped laminate 3. The laminate 3 is sintered so that the laminate 3 is melted and shaped by the action of the surface tension of the melted laminate 3.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a water vapor pressure lowering agent which is safe, is easily mixed with seal water, and is usable even in a cold region. The water vapor pressure lowering agent includes urea, a surfactant, purified glycerol, and water or alkaline reducing water, and the purified glycerol is obtained by purifying waste glycerol containing ethanol, an oil or fat, water, and a carbide by distillation. In a method for preventing seal breakage in a drain trap T by using the water vapor pressure lowering agent, the vapor pressure lowering agent is introduced such that a liquid level is equal to or higher than a seal water maintenance lower limit in a seal water portion of the drain trap T.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a phosphorescent body which allows efficient production of a granule-shaped phosphorescent body with a simple facility and a phosphorescent body produced by the process, and a nail stone including the phosphorescent body. In a process for producing a phosphorescent body containing at least a phosphorescent material and a glass material, at least the phosphorescent material and the glass material are mixed to give a paste mixture 2. A plurality of layers of the mixture 2 are stacked to form a granule-shaped laminate 3. The laminate 3 is sintered so that the laminate 3 is melted and shaped by the action of the surface tension of the melted laminate 3.