Abstract: In a zooming-focusing type camera, a driving force of a motor is selectively transmitted to a zooming mechanism for controlling a focal length of an optical lens system, a film winding mechanism for winding a film by a length corresponding to one frame and a film rewinding mechanism for rewinding the film into a film cartridge by a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism has a planet gear revolving among and selectively engages with one of a winding gear of the film winding mechanism, a rewinding gear of the film rewinding mechanism and an input gear of the zooming mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the motor.

Abstract: Because the keys located on the first rotating barrel have essentially the same inner diameter as the second rotating barrel, no unnecessary space is formed inside the first rotating barrel and the second rotating barrel. In addition, although the inner diameter of the keys of the first rotating barrel and the inner diameter of the second rotating barrel are essentially the same, because the keys engage with the straight advancement grooves on the second rotating barrel, the first rotating barrel and the second rotating barrel do not interfere with each other. Moreover, because the keys that are thinner than the second rotating barrel overlap with the second rotating barrel, said keys being inside the second rotating barrel, the thickness of the keys does not affect the outer diameter of the lens barrel at all.

Abstract: The rotation of the motor 60 located outside the lens barrel is transmitted to the shutter blades 74 that move along the optical axis together with the lens barrel by means of the gear train 62, the drive shaft 64 that is engaged with the output gear 63 of the gear train 62, the gear tube 66 that is engaged with the drive shaft 64 and has the engaging hole 67 through which the drive shaft 64 can extend and retract, and the gear 72 that is engaged with the gear 68 of the gear tube 66.

Abstract: In a lens barrel of a zoom lens, a luminous flux is divided or its path is switched so that the same luminous flux is directed to both a taking optical system and a finer optical system. Focusing and camera shake compensation are performed before division of the luminous flux or switching of its path so that images observed through a finder are already in focus and compensated for camera shakes. The lens barrel has multiple movable segments to allow the taking optical system and the finder optical system to be moved out simultaneously. To achieve zooming, a holding member for holding both a focusing lens unit and other lens units is moved so that all these lens units are moved simultaneously. Adjustment of the focusing lens unit, necessitated as a result of zooming, is achieved by moving a part of the focusing lens unit within the holding member.

Abstract: Because the keys located on the first rotating barrel have essentially the same inner diameter as the second rotating barrel, no unnecessary space is formed inside the first rotating barrel and the second rotating barrel. In addition, although the inner diameter of the keys of the first rotating barrel and the inner diameter of the second rotating barrel are essentially the same, because the keys engage with the straight advancement grooves on the second rotating barrel, the first rotating barrel and the second rotating barrel do not interfere with each other. Moreover, because the keys that are thinner than the second rotating barrel overlap with the second rotating barrel, said the keys being inside the second rotating barrel, the thickness of the keys does not affect the outer diameter of the lens barrel at all.

Abstract: A lens assembly is disclosed in which the amount of movement of at least one lens unit is achieved by combining the amounts of relative movement of at least two barrels. A linear advancement barrel advances straight ahead relative to a fixed barrel. A first lens unit moves together with the linear advancement barrel. A second lens unit is located in front of the first lens unit along the optical axis. A third lens unit is located behind the first lens unit along the optical axis. A cam ring moves together with the linear advancement barrel along the optical axis and rotates around the optical axis. The cam ring has first and second cams that move the second lens unit and the third lens unit by amounts of movement relative to the linear advancement barrel.

Abstract: Light is projected upon a road surface (LD) from a light source (11) for illuminating the road surface. Diffuse reflected light from the road surface (LD) is received by light sensors (31A, 31B) through a spatial filter, and the resulting light-reception signals are applied to a differential amplifier circuit (51). A center-frequency component corresponding to the spatial frequency of the spatial filter is extracted by a tracking band-pass filter (52), and the intensity (Da) thereof is detected by an amplitude detector circuit (54). Low-frequency component intensity (Db) corresponding to a spatial frequency lower than the spatial frequency of the spatial filter is detected by a tracking low-pass filter (55) and an amplitude detector circuit (56). The condition of the road surface is judged to be snow, gravel or asphalt in a discriminating circuit (60) based upon the center-frequency component intensity (Da) and the low-frequency component intensity (Db).

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for the production of deuterated acrylic acid or deuterated methacrylic acid comprising the exchange of hydrogens in acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with deuteriums in the presence of a catalyst. The deuterated acrylic or methacrylic acid is very useful as a starting material in the production of high quality optical plastic fibers.

Abstract: There is provided the improved process for the production of deutrated methyl acrylate or methacrylate by the direct substitution of deuterium for hydrogens in methyl acrylate or methacrylate in the presence of a platinum Group metal catalyst.

Abstract: The disclosure relates a piezoelectric element-drive type shutter apparatus for camera. The shutter apparatus includes a main piezoelectric element having a free end which is able to move between a closed position and an opening position to drive shutter blades so as to be opened and closed, and an auxiliary piezoelectric element having a free end for urging the shutter blades toward its closed position when the free end of the main piezoelectric element returns from the opening position to the closed position. When the main piezoelectric element returns to the closed position, i.e. an initial position, the auxiliary piezoelectric element assists the returning movement of the main piezoelectric element. Accordingly, the shutter blades can be closed at a very high speed. This is very effective particularly when a small aperture of the shutter blade is desired.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a spent oxidation catalyst useful in the production of unsaturated carboxylic acids by vapor-phase oxidation of unsaturated aldehydes, the catalyst containing, at least, phosphorus, molybdenum, and an alkali metal(s), which method comprises dissolving and/or suspending the spent catalyst in a liquid composition, wherein the contents of ammonium ion and nitrate ion are controlled to be from 7 to 15 moles and from 0.1 to 4.0 moles, respectively, per 12 gram atoms of molybdenum, and immediately thereafter mixing the spent catalyst and the liquid composition.