Abstract: Integrated microwave modular transceiver tile structure in the form of a cube-like configuration, and including (a) a first, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure possessing an array of plural, integrally formed microwave transceivers arranged in a defined row-and-column pattern, with each transceiver having an associated transceiver axis extending generally normal to the plane of said the first layer structure, and (b) a second, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure including transceiver-function operational circuitry operatively connected to the transceivers, and functional to promote operation of the transceivers simultaneously in transmission and reception modes of operation.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method for scanning personnel for the purpose of detecting and identifying certain categories of materials/objects. The invention utilizes stacked-circuit-board tiled assemblies, including one circuit board which carries an array of transmission/reception scanning microwave elements, which elements, during a scanning operation are shifted toward and away successively from a person being scanned. This motion is carried out in a manner enabling detection of peak valley (high and low) values of standing wave reflections, if any, which exist between one of these elements and a region of a person being scanned by the invention. These peak and valley values can be employed, with respect to the magnitude difference between them, to enable “found material/objects” identification.

Abstract: Integrated microwave modular transceiver tile structure in the form of a cube-like configuration, and including (a) a first, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure possessing an array of plural, integrally formed microwave transceivers arranged in a defined row-and-column pattern, with each transceiver having an associated transceiver axis extending generally normal to the plane of said the first layer structure, and (b) a second, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure including transceiver-function operational circuitry operatively connected to the transceivers, and functional to promote operation of the transceivers simultaneously in transmission and reception modes of operation.

Abstract: Integrated microwave transceiver tile structure including (a) a first, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure possessing an array of plural, integrally formed microwave transceivers arranged in a defined row-and-column pattern, with each transceiver having an associated transceiver axis extending generally normal to the plane of said the first layer structure, and (b) a second, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure including transceiver-function operational circuitry operatively connected to the transceivers, and functional to promote operation of the transceivers simultaneously in transmission and reception modes of operation.

Abstract: A system and method for the dielectric scanning of a human subject to detect anomalies relative to expected normal physiology as an indication, among other things, of the possible presence of a weapon, contraband, or of a confirmed difference in personal identity. Persons expeditiously can enter a double-open-sided, ninety-degree counter-rotative scanning zone in the system, alternating from two orthogonally positional entry lines. Scanning occurs in two orthogonal phases of non-relative-motion interrogative microwave illumination to detect sequential, opposite-side-quadrant, dielectric physiologic anatomical signatures which are assessed by computer comparing them to pre-established physiologic-signature tables. Persons entering the scanning zone, leave along a quadrature-related exit path.

Abstract: Integrated microwave transceiver tile structure including (a) a first, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure possessing an array of plural, integrally formed microwave transceivers arranged in a defined row-and-column pattern, with each transceiver having an associated transceiver axis extending generally normal to the plane of said the first layer structure, and (b) a second, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure including transceiver-function operational circuitry operatively connected to the transceivers, and functional to promote operation of the transceivers simultaneously in transmission and reception modes of operation.

Abstract: Apparatus and methodology utilizing nearfield microwave technology to detect contraband/forbidden substances concealed within metallic containers. Apparatus and methodologic microwave operating frequency determines the metallic thickness through which detection is possible, and also the expectable “depths” for detection within a metallic container. Special and important attention is paid to the appropriate positional and distance locating of the invention apparatus relative to a suspected “substance-containing” metallic container for detection to be most effective. Preferably, this distance is substantially equal to the closest distance from the central radiating plane of a lens/antenna (which is employed, according to a preferred practice of the invention) at which a conductive, metallic surface will regeneratively parasitize the lens/antenna.

Abstract: A microwave/dielectric-response-based security system, and a related methodology, for detecting contraband. The system (which implements the associated method) includes an interrogation region through which a target that is to be screened passes, an appropriate transmitter/receiver array that operates adjacent this region for illuminating, and monitoring a dielectric response received from, a target in the region, and electronics which effectively produce output data that is interpretable to identify the presence or absence of contraband associated with the illuminated target.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for monitoring the volumetric ratio of two constituents of a fluid mixture, e.g. crude oil and water, flowing through a conduit are described. A non-contacting, bidirectional, microwave transmitting/receiving antenna, coupled with a cavity having a conduit through which the fluid mixture passes, generates a signal indicative of the changing dielectric constant of the fluid mixture. By locating the conduit proximate the aperture of the antenna, and by dimensioning the conduit's depth approximately one-fourth the shorter of the two predetermined wavelengths of microwave energy in the two fluid constituents, a substantially linear response of the fluid mixture to the microwave energy incident thereon is produced. The linear response is indicative of the percentage of oil in the fluid mixture flowing through the conduit.

Abstract: Dielectrometry monitoring method and apparatus for three-dimensional profiling and colorable imaging of the material contents of articles carried on a conveyor through an interrogation region are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a plural, stationary, collimated, microwave transmitter/receiver antennae array and associated electronics for measuring the dielectric constant of the materials to produce data for interpretation in real time as to the article's dielectric material configuration and contents. High-speed, GaAs gates and switching devices, as well as microstrip delay lines, are used to perform the precisely timed, depth-wise sampling of data reflective of dielectric-constant material characteristics, with sampling periods in the sub-nanosecond range.

Abstract: A parasitic array for use on a transmission/reception antenna which comprises a cylindrical dielectric support having plural conductive, ring-like parasitic elements spaced along the support. The support is an elongate, hollow structure with closed ends and the parasitic elements are formed of a conductive film applied to the outer surface of the support.

Abstract: A method for monitoring, over time, changes that occur in the apparent dielectric constant of a selected volumertic space. The selected space may be formed by a substantially homogenous material, in which case, dielectric-constant changes are interpretable, according to the invention, to indicate pressure and/or temperature changes in the space. In another situation, the selected space may be nonhomogenous, in which case dielectric-constant changes are interpretable, also according to the invention, to indicate relative volumetric changes between different media within the space.

Abstract: A non-perturbing cavity method and apparatus for measuring parameters, such as dielectric constant and flow rate, of fluid within a conduit. A bidirectionally radiating lens directs energy toward a defined length of such a conduit, and toward a receiver at a receiving site on the opposite side of the lens. The receiver produces a signal whose voltage amplitude conditions are directly interpretable to indicate such parameters.

Abstract: A nearfield/farfield transmission/reception antenna formed with a body of revolution having a somewhat saucer-like outside appearance. The body includes three main functional portions--a converter portion wherein farfield radiation is converted to "appear" like nearfield radiation and vice versa, a terminator portion which provides a constant-impedance termination for the converter portion, and a coupling-impedance transformer portion which matches the device to the impedance of a coaxial port in an external circuit. A ring-like driven element occupies an interface plane between the converter and terminator portions. Distributed on the outside curved surface of the body is a conductive electromagnetic/electrostatic shield.

Abstract: A noncontacting method and apparatus which uses heat to destroy tumor cells in living tissue. A bidirectionally focused beam of electromagnetic energy, having a pair of electrically and thermally related, spaced focal regions, is positioned so that one of its focal regions embraces a tumor site within living tissue and the other focal region embraces a simulated tumor which is disposed in a liquid medium contained in a tank. Thermal conditions occurring in the focal region embracing the simulated tumor are monitored to reflect thermal conditions occurring within the tumor site. Positioning of the beam is continued until preselected time and temperature conditions are attained which indicate that cell death has occurred within the tumor site.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making available an electrical current, which comprises placing a conductive airfoil in a moving air mass, sinking a conductive element subsurface, and insulating the airfoil from the conductive element and producing an electrical potential between the airfoil and the element in a moving air mass.