Abstract: A method of manufacturing a reference material for determining incorporation of a genetically modified (GM) plant into a sample or analyzing a mixing ratio from a tissue-cultured cell line that is obtained by incubating tissues of either a GM plant or a non-GM plant, and a method of determining incorporation of a GM plant into a sample and analyzing a mixing ratio using the reference material are provided. The reference material for determining the incorporation of a genetically modified (GM) plant a sample or analyzing a mixing ratio using the tissue-cultured cell lines that are obtained by incubating tissues of the GM plant and the non-GM plant can be useful in producing a countless number of populations having the same genetic traits via the tissue culture. Thus, when a culture capacity of the reference material is increased to a large volume, it is possible to obtain a large volume of the reference material having uniform qualities with no quality variation between batches.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus. The image processing apparatus may perform filtering to emphasize a surface lighting of a low frequency band from an input lighting environment image, and may also perform at least one virtual point light (VPL) sampling from the input lighting environment image. The image processing apparatus may perform precomputed radiance transfer (PRT) based rendering using the filtered lighting environment image and VPL based rendering using the sampled VPL.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a microfluidic sensor device includes microfluidic sensor mounted on and electrically connected a micro lead frame substrate. The microfluidic sensor is molded to form a package body. The package body includes a molded panel portion and, in some embodiments, a mask portion having one or more open channels, sealed channels, and/or a sealed chamber exposing an active surface of the microfluidic sensor. The molded panel portions and mask portions are configured to allow a material to dynamically or statically contact the microfluidic sensor for analysis.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including a first active region, a second active region and a field region between the first and second active regions, and a gate structure formed on the substrate to cross the first active region, the second active region and the field region. The gate structure includes a p type metal gate electrode and an n-type metal gate electrode directly contacting each other, the p-type metal gate electrode extends from the first active region less than half way toward the second active region.

Abstract: An apparatus for meteorological observation is provided. The apparatus includes: a body part; a coupling part which moves along a first and a second guiding routes alternatively by a motor; a sensor part which rotates according to a movement of the coupling part; and a shoot controlling part for measuring data of the upper atmosphere when the coupling part is placed on the top guiding member while moving along the first guiding route, (ii) measuring data of front lower atmosphere when the coupling part is placed on the first branch while moving along the first guiding route, (iii) measuring data of the upper atmosphere when the coupling part is placed on the top guiding member while moving along the second guiding route, and (iv) measuring data of rear lower atmosphere when the coupling part is placed on the second branch while moving along the second guiding route.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for retransmitting data in a wireless communication system using channel bonding are provided. The method for retransmitting data includes transmitting data by mapping the data to at least two channels according to the channel bonding, and retransmitting the data by changing a mapping scheme of the data to the at least two channels.

Abstract: In embodiments, a high voltage semiconductor device includes a gate structure disposed on a substrate, a source region disposed at a surface portion of the substrate adjacent to one side of the gate structure, a drift region disposed at a surface portion of the substrate adjacent to another side of the gate structure, a drain region disposed at a surface portion of the drift region spaced from the gate structure, and an electrode structure disposed on the drift region to generate a vertical electric field between the gate structure and the drain region.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and apparatus for electrically grounding a shadow mask for use in a deposition chamber. In one embodiment, a substrate support is provided and includes a substrate receiving surface, and a plurality of compressible grounding devices disposed about a periphery of the substrate receiving surface. Each of the plurality of grounding devices comprises a base member fixed to the substrate support, and a biasing assembly movably disposed in the base member.

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels. The array of pixels may have a shape such as a circular shape or other shape with a curved edge. Display driver circuitry may supply data signals to the pixels using folded vertical data lines and bisected horizontal gate lines. Each folded vertical lines may have a first segment in a left half of the array and a second segment in a right half of the display. Curved coupling segments in an inactive area of the display may be used in joining the first and second segments. Display driver circuits may be provided in top and bottom portions of the inactive area to supply data to respective top and bottom portions of the array. Gate driver output buffers may have different strengths in different rows of the array.

Abstract: Provided are a display apparatus controlled through an input unit including a four-direction key and a method for controlling the same. The display apparatus includes an input unit including a four-direction key and configured to receive a user command, a display unit configured to display a four-direction user interface (UI) including UI elements corresponding to the four-direction key, and a controller configured to, in response to one of the four-direction key being selected, control the display unit to display a low UI element included in a UI element corresponding to the selected key. Accordingly, a user intuitively accesses content that the user wants to enter without learning of a new interface.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for providing a cloud emulation of a native application accessible at a user device while the native application is downloading on the user device. After the downloading is complete, the user device may retrieved the state data generated during the cloud emulation and launch the native application and resume the state of the native application as achieved by the cloud emulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus that uses shadow images of cells to continuously measure cell activity at a high processing rate in order to provide cell activity and cell number results. According to one embodiment of the present invention, instead of a highly experienced examiner or technician using a microscope, ELISA reader, etc. having to collect various cell activity measurements and cell numbers, the collection of said information can be automated so as to reduce cost and largely reduce errors in measurements through the development of computer software coupled with hardware using low cost and compact optoelectronic components and simple image processing techniques.

Abstract: Provided is a method of providing an answer keyword, the method including: obtaining at least one of a search word history including a first inquiry search word of a certain domain pre-received from first user terminals, and webpage information selected by the first user terminals from a search result according to the search word history; extracting answer candidate keywords regarding the first inquiry search word from at least one of the search word history and the webpage information based on keyword lists of the certain domain; calculating a relation between the first inquiry search word and each of the extracted answer candidate keywords; and when the first inquiry search word is received from a second user terminal, transmitting answer keywords for the first inquiry search word, which are selected from the answer candidate keywords based on the relation, to the second user terminal.

Abstract: A device for extracting depth information according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a light outputting unit for outputting IR (InfraRed) light; a light inputting unit for inputting light reflected from an object after outputting from the light outputting unit; a light adjusting unit for adjusting the angle of the light so as to radiate the light into a first area including the object, and then for adjusting the angle of the light so as to radiate the light into a second area; and a controlling unit for estimating the motion of the object by using at least one of the lights between the light inputted to the first area and the light inputted to the second area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monitoring probe for observing groundwater, which is put into an observation well for observing the groundwater to indicate a position of a fresh water-salt water interface of the groundwater. According to the present invention, both ends of a probe body are separated from an inner circumference of an observation well by a catch preventing portion having a convex curved portion or a dumbbell-shaped portion, so that the probe body can be smoothly moved up and down without being caught by a ground-water inlet port of the observation well, thus providing an exact position of a fresh water-salt water interface.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: an input device, and a controller configured to receive a signal from the input device and generate a predetermined control signal corresponding to the received signal. The input device includes: a rotation member provided with a first magnet disposed on a portion thereof; a fixation member provided with a plurality of second magnets, which have a different magnetic field intensity from each other according to a distribution position of the plurality of second magnets, disposed on a surface thereof; and a detection member generating a signal including information related to a relative position of the rotation member against the fixation member based on a variation of a magnetic field intensity, which is generated between the first magnet and the plurality of second magnets due to a position change of the first magnet when the rotation member is rotated.

Abstract: A method of calculating an ammonia (NH3) mass generated in a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification device includes sequentially calculating a NH3 mass flow at a downstream of each slice from a first slice to an n-th slice, and integrating the NH3 mass flow at the downstream of the n-th slice over a predetermined time, wherein the calculation of the NH3 mass flow at the downstream of the i-th slice comprises calculating a NH3 mass flow flowing into the i-th slice, calculating a NH3 mass flow generated at the i-th slice, and adding the NH3 mass flow generated at the i-th slice to a value obtained by subtracting the NH3 mass flow used to reduce the NOx and the O2 at the i-th slice from the NH3 mass flow flowing into the i-th slice.

Abstract: A display module and a display apparatus having the same are provided. The display module including a circuit board, a plurality of light emitting device packages disposed on the circuit board and electrically coupled to the circuit board, and a coating unit coated with coating solution containing a light diffusion agent covers the plurality of light emitting device packages and fills in a gap between the plurality of light emitting device packages, wherein the coating unit further includes at least one first light diffusion part that is curvedly formed on a surface of the coating unit onto which light emitted from the light emitting device packages is incident.

Abstract: Provided is lithium disilicate crystalline glass containing cristobalite crystal phase for high strength and aesthetic traits and its manufacturing process thereof. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide the high strength and aesthetic lithium disilicate crystalline glass, one kind of dental restoration materials, and its manufacturing method which induces the growth of the different crystal phase, cristobalite, from glass with lithium disilicate crystal.

Abstract: A mobile terminal including a display unit including a window glass and a display module; a front case and a rear case configured to support the display unit; an antenna including a first coil formed on an edge region of a rear surface of the window glass or formed on an edge region of a front surface of the front case, a second coil formed at a height different from that of the first coil in a thickness direction of the mobile terminal, and a conductive hole configured to electrically connect the first coil and the second coil; a battery configured to supply power to the mobile terminal; and a battery cover positioned on a back side of the display unit and including a metal.