Patents by Inventor Theo T. Nikiforov
Theo T. Nikiforov has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20040033531Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 27, 2003Publication date: February 19, 2004Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Patent number: 6689565Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 2002Date of Patent: February 10, 2004Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20030215862Abstract: Nucleotides and nucleotide analogs are used in various sequencing by incorporation/sequencing by synthesis methods. Nucleotide analogs comprising 3′-blocking groups are used to provide reversible chain-termination for sequencing by synthesis. Typical blocking groups include phosphate groups and carbamate groups. Fluorescent nucleotides are used to perform sequencing by synthesis with detection by incorporation of the fluorescently labeled nucleotide, optionally followed by photobleaching and intercalating dyes are used to detect addition of a non-labeled nucleotide in sequencing by synthesis with detection by intercalation. Microfluidic devices, including particle arrays, are used in the sequencing methods.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 14, 2003Publication date: November 20, 2003Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: J. Wallace Parce, Theo T. Nikiforov, Tammy Burd Mehta, Anne R. Kopf-Sill, Andrea W. Chow, Michael R. Knapp
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Patent number: 6632655Abstract: Arrays of flowable or fixed particle sets are used in microfluidic systems for performing assays and modifying hydrodynamic flow. Also provided are assays utilizing flowable or fixed particle sets within a microfluidic system, as well as kits, apparatus and integrated systems comprising arrays and array members.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2000Date of Patent: October 14, 2003Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: Tammy Burd Mehta, Anne R. Kopf-Sill, J. Wallace Parce, Andrea W. Chow, Luc J. Bousse, Michael R. Knapp, Theo T. Nikiforov, Steve Gallagher
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Publication number: 20030175815Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 26, 2003Publication date: September 18, 2003Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Patent number: 6613513Abstract: Nucleotides and nucleotide analogs are used in various sequencing by incorporation/sequencing by synthesis methods. Nucleotide analogs comprising 3′-blocking groups are used to provide reversible chain-termination for sequencing by synthesis. Typical blocking groups include phosphate groups and carbamate groups. Fluorescent nucleotides are used to perform sequencing by synthesis with detection by incorporation of the fluorescently labeled nucleotide, optionally followed by photobleaching and intercalating dyes are used to detect addition of a non-labeled nucleotide in sequencing by synthesis with detection by intercalation. Microfluidic devices, including particle arrays, are used in the sequencing methods.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2000Date of Patent: September 2, 2003Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: J. Wallace Parce, Theo T. Nikiforov, Tammy Burd Mehta, Anne R. Kopf-Sill, Andrea W. Chow, Michael R. Knapp
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Publication number: 20020197619Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2002Publication date: December 26, 2002Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Patent number: 6498005Abstract: The present invention provides a method of assaying an enzyme-mediated coupling reaction between a first and a second reactant. The method includes contacting the first reactant with the second reactant in the presence of the enzyme. The second reactant includes a thiol derivative to yield a first product including a thiol derivative. The thiol derivative is then detected in the first product.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1999Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: Theo T. Nikiforov, Sang Jeong
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Publication number: 20020192719Abstract: The present invention provides a method of assaying an enzyme-mediated coupling reaction between a first and a second reactant. The method comprises contacting the first reactant with the second reactant in the presence of the enzyme. The second reactant comprises a thiol derivative to yield a first product comprising a thiol derivative. The thiol derivative is then detected in the first product.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 25, 2002Publication date: December 19, 2002Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: Theo T. Nikiforov, Sang Jeong
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Patent number: 6471841Abstract: The present invention generally provides methods for enhancing transport and direction of materials in fluidic systems, which systems utilize electroosmotic (E/O) flow systems, to affect that transport and direction. The methods generally comprise providing an effective concentration of at least one zwitterionic compound in the fluid containing the material that is to be transported or directed.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2000Date of Patent: October 29, 2002Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: Theo T. Nikiforov, Sang Jeong
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Patent number: 6472141Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 2000Date of Patent: October 29, 2002Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20020146703Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 24, 2001Publication date: October 10, 2002Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20020127591Abstract: Intracellular binding reactions, and particularly DNA/DNA binding protein reactions are detected in situ, using intracellular fluorescence polarization detection. The methods comprise providing a biological cell having at least a first component of a binding reaction disposed therein. The cell is contacted with a second component of the binding reaction whereby the second component is internalized within the biological cell. At least one of the first and second components has a fluorescent label. The amount of binding between the first and second components within the cell is determined by measuring a level of polarized and/or depolarized fluorescence emitted from within the biological cell.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 5, 2002Publication date: September 12, 2002Applicant: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: H. Garrett Wada, Javier A. Farinas, Theo T. Nikiforov
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Patent number: 6436646Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 2000Date of Patent: August 20, 2002Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20020076697Abstract: Methods, systems, kits for carrying out a wide variety of different assays that comprise providing a first reagent mixture which comprises a first reagent having a fluorescent label. A second reagent is introduced into the first reagent mixture to produce a second reagent mixture, where the second reagent reacts with the first reagent to produce a fluorescently labeled product having a substantially different charge than the first reagent. A polyion is introduced into at least one of the first and second reagent mixtures, and the fluorescent polarization in the second reagent mixture relative to the first reagent mixture is determined, this fluorescent polarization being indicative of the rate or extent of the reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 11, 2000Publication date: June 20, 2002Inventor: THEO T. NIKIFOROV
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Patent number: 6379884Abstract: Intracellular binding reactions, and particularly DNA/DNA binding protein reactions are detected in situ, using intracellular fluorescence polarization detection. The methods comprise providing a biological cell having at least a first component of a binding reaction disposed therein. The cell is contacted with a second component of the binding reaction whereby the second component is internalized within the biological cell. At least one of the first and second components has a fluorescent label. The amount of binding between the first and second components within the cell is determined by measuring a level of polarized and/or depolarized fluorescence emitted from within the biological cell.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2000Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventors: H. Garrett Wada, Javier A. Farinas, Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20020048768Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to microfluidic systems and methods of using such systems in the determination of the nucleotide sequence of target nucleic acid sequences (referred to herein as the “target”). In particular, the present invention provides methods and systems for determining the relative positions within a target nucleic acid sequence that are occupied by a given nucleotide, e.g., A, T, G or C, by separating mixtures of nested sets of fragments of the target nucleic acid, which sets each include fragments that terminate in a different given nucleotide.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2001Publication date: April 25, 2002Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov
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Publication number: 20020037520Abstract: Methods, systems and assays are provided for FP detection of nucleic acid hybridization.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 11, 2001Publication date: March 28, 2002Inventors: Theo T. Nikiforov, Sang Jeong
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Publication number: 20020009711Abstract: Intracellular binding reactions, and particularly DNA/DNA binding protein reactions are detected in situ, using intracellular fluorescence polarization detection. The methods comprise providing a biological cell having at least a first component of a binding reaction disposed therein. The cell is contacted with a second component of the binding reaction whereby the second component is internalized within the biological cell. At least one of the first and second components has a fluorescent label. The amount of binding between the first and second components within the cell is determined by measuring a level of polarized and/or depolarized fluorescence emitted from within the biological cell.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 28, 2000Publication date: January 24, 2002Inventors: H. Garrett Wada, Javier A. Farinas, Theo T. Nikiforov
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Patent number: 6316201Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to microfluidic systems and methods of using such systems in the determination of the nucleotide sequence of target nucleic acid sequences (referred to herein as the “target”). In particular, the present invention provides methods and systems for determining the relative positions within a target nucleic acid sequence that are occupied by a given nucleotide, e.g., A, T, G or C, by separating mixtures of nested sets of fragments of the target nucleic acid, which sets each include fragments that terminate in a different given nucleotide.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2000Date of Patent: November 13, 2001Assignee: Caliper Technologies Corp.Inventor: Theo T. Nikiforov