Abstract: Rinse aids for dishwashing machines comprising(1) an alkyl polyglycoside,(2) an alkyl polyglycol ether, and(3) an organic carboxylic acid wherein the rinse aid is substantially free from foam inhibitors and thickeners.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a homogeneous, storage-stable detergent for dishwashing machines in the form of fused blocks containing alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal silicate, water, penta-alkali metal triphosphate, active chlorine donor, and organic complexing agent; comprising preparing a melt of alkali metal silicate, alkali metal hydroxide and water, maintaining the melt at a temperature of about 50.degree. C. to about 75.degree. C., adding to the melt an active chlorine donor and an organic complexing agent, introducing the melt into a flow mixer together with a penta-alkali metal triphosphate and distributing the triphosphate in the melt, pouring the resulting liquid mixture into flexible molds, and allowing the mixture to solidify.

Abstract: A detergent compact for dishwashing machines based on alkali metal metasilicates, pentalkali metal tripolyphosphates, active chlorine compound, and surfactant. The compact comprises a cold water-soluble tablet (1) or melt (2) of the metasilicates, tripolyphosphates and surfactant, and a warm water-soluble melt (1) or tablet (2) of the metasilicates, tripolyphosphates and active chlorine compound. The tablet (1) and melt (1) or melt (2) and tablet (2) are combined into a compact having varying solubility at varying water temperatures.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of hydroxyalkyl polyethylene glycol ethers corresponding to the following general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a linear C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl radical,R.sup.2 is a linear or branched C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 alkyl radical,R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl radical andn is a number of 7 to 30with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 is 6 to 16, and mixtures thereof in rinse aid compositions for dishwashing machines in addition to other additives typically used in rinse aids.

Abstract: Tablets having a broad solubility profile containing a mixture of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and anhydrous sodium metasilicate with a grain size of from 0.2 to 0.8 mm in a ratio by weight of from 1:0.75 to 1:1.2, anhydrous pentasodium triphosphate having a grain diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and 0.5 to 5% by weight of an active chlorine donor. The ratio by weight of pentasodium triphosphate to metasilicates is about 1:1 to 1:1.7, based on anhydrous substances. The tablets are used in automatic dishwashing machines where they are introduced into a free zone of the machine before the start of the prerinse cycle, at least 10% of the tablets being dissolved by inflowing cold water and at least another 70% being available in the main-wash cycle.

Abstract: A block-form detergent composition for dishwashing machines based on alkali metal metasilicates, pentaalkali metal triphosphates, active chlorine compound, and surfactant. The block-form detergent composition comprises a cold water-soluble layer (1) comprising alkali metal metasilicates, and a warm water-soluble layer (2) comprising alkali metal metasilicates and pentaalkali metal triphosphate. The layer (1) and layer (2) are formed as separate melts, one melt is poured into a mold to cool and partially solidify, and the other melt added to the mold whereby the layers fuse to each other. In use, the layer (1) and layer (2) have different dissolving rates in the time-temperature program of the dishwashing machines.

Abstract: A multilayer detergent tablet for dishwashing machines based on alkali metal metasilicates, pentaalkali metal triphosphates, active chlorine compound, and surfactant. The tablet comprises a first cold water-soluble layer of alkali metal metasilicate nonahydrate, pentaalkali metal triphosphate, and a low-foaming nonionic surfactant; and a second layer which dissolves rapidly at increasing water temperatures comprising alkali metal metasilicate, pentaalkali metal triphosphate, and an active chlorine compound.

Abstract: A pretreatment or steeping preparation for cleaning stubbornly soiled dishes in an automatic dishwashing machine comprising from about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of a low-foaming nonionic surfactant, from about 0.5 to about 25% by weight of a polyhydric alcohol and/or glycol ether, from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight of a hydrotropic compound, and from about 0.01 to about 6% by weight of a viscosity regulator, all weights based on the weight of said preparation, in an aqueous suspension or solution adjusted to a viscosity of at least 5 mPa.s. and to a pH of from about 2 to about 7. In the cleaning process, the preparation is applied to the soiled dishes, the dishes are placed in an automatic dishwashing machine, and after waiting about 30 minutes the dishwashing machine is started for the normal washing cycle.

Abstract: A detergent supply pack for supplying a shaped detergent solid to a dishwashing apparatus comprising a container for the detergent solid and a shaped detergent solid cast-molded therein, said container simultaneously functioning as a mold for the cast-molded detergent, as a container for the detergent solid during storage and shipping, and as improved handling means for handling the detergent for storing and shipping and for introducing the detergent into the dishwashing apparatus.

Abstract: Detergents for dishwashing machines in the form of fused blocks containing alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates, and from 0.2 to 4% by weight of active chlorine donors having a hydrolysis constant of 3.times.10.sup.-4 or lower (preferably Na- or K-dichloroisocyanurate, Na-dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate, Na-monochloroamido-sulfonate or Na-N-chloro-p-toluene sulfonic acid amide). The process of making the fused blocks comprises heating metasilicate or waterglass solution with or without solid alkali metal hydroxide to 45.degree. to 48.degree. C., allowing the reaction temperature to rise to 60.degree. to 65.degree. C., adding the remaining ingredients including the active chlorine donor at 50.degree. to 65.degree. C., pouring the still liquid melt into flexible molds and allowing it to solidify into blocks therein. The detergent blocks of the invention have good stability to storage and a high dissolving rate in use.

Abstract: Dishwashing composition for the machine washing of crockery at around 40.degree. C. which contain, in addition to polymeric alkali phosphates (di-, triphosphates), water-soluble complexing zeolites of the NaA or NaX type or organic complexing agents for calcium, alkali metasilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, waterglass, active oxygen donors and a low-foaming nonionic surfactant from the group of alkylene oxide adducts with C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 alkanols, nonylphenol or with polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of from 900 to 4000, (1) form about 0.1 to 5% by weight of a hydrolase enzyme (amylases, proteases, lipases) and, (2) as cleansing boosters, from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 primary, straight-chain or branched-chain alkanols which may optionally be propoxylated with from 1 to 2 moles of propylene oxide.

Abstract: A block-form detergent free of alkali metal hydroxides for use in dishwashing machines which contain from 65 to 85% by weight to a mixture of anhydrous sodium metasilicate and anhydrous pentasodium triphosphate in a ratio of from 1:1 to 1:2 and from 0.2 to 4% by weight of uniformly distributed active chlorine donors which are, for example, trichloroisocyanuric acid. The production process comprises heating sodium metasilicate to 45.degree. to 55.degree. C. to obtain a clear melt and then adding other constituents, the pentasodium triphosphate and the active chlorine donor being added last, and pouring the melt into flexible molds in which it is left to solidify into blocks. The detergents are stable for storage with good dissolving power.

Abstract: Defoaming agents for substantially surfactant-free detergents consisting of from about 0.05 to 25 parts by weight of pyrogenic, hydrophobized silica and from about 1 to 30 parts by weight of either a paraffin wax or mixture of paraffin waxes, both of which are solid at room temperature, i.e., the wax or mixture of waxes has a solidification point ranging from about 35.degree. to 120.degree. C. The defoaming agents may be liquid dispersions of the silica and paraffin wax in about 70 to 96 parts by weight of either branched primary alcohols (C.sub.18 -C.sub.30), preferably Guerbet alcohols, or mineral oils. The defoaming agents may also be solid compositions, wherein the paraffin wax and silica are deposited on solid carriers.