Abstract: In order to allow a particularly small construction of a scissors-like tool for a surgical instrument with two interconnected arms which are pivotable elastically between a spread open position and a virtually closed position by engagement of a sleeve over the outside to a greater or lesser extent, this sleeve being axially displaceable relative to and engaging around the scissors-like tool, it is suggested that for forming the arms a rod consisting of elastic material have a diametric, front recess starting from its free end and followed by an additional, diametric, rear recess which is turned through 90.degree.

Abstract: To improve the reliability of a process for determining the position of a body part in which bone screws are screwed into the bone of the body part in question, each bone screw is provided with a radiation emitter or radiation receiver. A number of fixed receivers or emitters are used as appropriate to receive radiation from the bone screw transmitters or direct radiation towards the bone screw receivers. The radiation direction and/or radiation propagation time and/or radiation field strength or frequency is used to determine the position of each radiation emitter or receiver. A system for determining position based on this procedure and bone screws which can be used therefor are also disclosed.

Abstract: In order to make the covered tissue areas visible in an X-ray picture when using a surgical instrument for the retention of tissue which has at least one valve held on one side, also when using a material impermeable to X-rays, it is suggested that the contact surface of the valves have openings in a distribution which leaves an increasing, non-perforated cross-sectional area from the free end of the contact surface up to its holder.

Abstract: In order to reduce the risk that a bone screw, in particular one made of resorbing plastic material, with an externally threaded shaft will be destroyed by high screw-in torques, it is proposed that an insertion channel open at the top, arranged concentrically with the shaft and extending along most of the length of the shaft be located in the shaft for an insertion tool and have a cross-section which is non-circular and corresponds to the cross-section of the screwing-in tool.

Abstract: In a retractor with a retractor blade, a handle, a fiber-optical light guide for illuminating the point of engagement of the retractor and a connector for connecting a fiber-optical cable to the fiber-optical light guide, with the fiber-optical light guide comprising a bent, tubular sheath which extends through the handle and along part of the retractor blade and in which a glass fiber bundle is embedded, in order to improve resterilizability, with the retractor being at the same time capable of being disassembled, a sheath that comprises fixing elements for detachably securing the retractor blade on the sheath, and the handle being positioned loosely on the rear end of the sheath and fixed in this position by a detachable holding element.

Abstract: The clip consists of two separate branches, the facing surfaces of which have profiles which allow the pressure effecting occlusion of the oviduct or vas deferens to be generated only in two separate pressure zones while a cavity is formed as nutrition zone between the two pressure zones to relieve the oviduct or vas deferens of pressure and enable its tissue to be nourished. The branches are connected with one another at both ends by detent closure means.

Abstract: An applicator for C-shaped scalp clips, with which a plurality of scalp clips can be applied one after the other without having to insert an individual scalp clip into the applicator after each application.

Abstract: An instrument for the splaying of the edges of a wound which has at least one blade. The blade has a middle part, a rim projecting at right angles from the middle part, and a mount on which the middle part is held. The middle part has two parts movable against each other by an actuator comprising a turnable rod with a screw thread section.

Abstract: A magazine for receiving C-shaped scalp clips having legs connected by a bridge and with facing clamping jaws at their free ends. In order to improve positioning of the scalp clips during displacement along the magazine, the scalp clips are arranged one behind the other in the magazine such that the free ends of one scalp clip rest against the bridge of the adjacent scalp clip, the scalp clips have laterally open recesses in their bridges or the regions where legs and bridge meet and the magazine has guide rails extending along its length and engaging in these recesses.

Abstract: To make possible the effective immobilization of pieces of bone with an osteosynthesis plate, the proposal is made that the longitudinal edges of the osteosynthesis plate diverge in the manner of a trapezoid, that the osteosynthesis plate be provided with two adjacent rows of slots for its screws, and that the orientations of the longitudinal axes of the slots in both rows diverge in the same directions as the diverging longitudinal edges of the osteosynthesis plate itself.