Abstract: The invention relates to a method the assessing the controllability of a vehicle by a driver in a risky or problematic situation. In order to carry out assessment of the controllability of a vehicle early, the following steps are provided: a. modelling the drive train and the movement dynamics of the vehicle, b. modelling situation conditions and environmental conditions, c. selecting a risky or problematic situation, d. selecting a driver capability type, e. modelling the driver's reaction as a function of the selected driver capability type. f. simulating the dynamic vehicle behaviour in the longitudinal and transverse directions of a planned trajectory on the basis of the drive train model and movement dynamics model for the predefined situation and environmental conditions when the selected risky or problematic situation occurs, g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method the assessing the controllability of a vehicle by a driver in a risky or problematic situation. In order to carry out assessment of the controllability of a vehicle early, the following steps are provided: a. modelling the drive train and the movement dynamics of the vehicle, b. modelling situation conditions and environmental conditions, c. selecting a risky or problematic situation, d. selecting a driver capability type, e. modelling the driver's reaction as a function of the selected driver capability type. f. simulating the dynamic vehicle behaviour in the longitudinal and transverse directions of a planned trajectory on the basis of the drive train model and movement dynamics model for the predefined situation and environmental conditions when the selected risky or problematic situation occurs, g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a direct-injection internal combustion engine that is operated in a first operating range associated with the low part load, with largely homogeneous combustion of the mixture and subsequent injection. Said internal combustion engine is operated in a second operating range associated with the middle part load, with low-temperature combustion of the mixture. In this way, minimum nitrogen oxide and soot emissions and a high degree of efficiency can be achieved both in the lower part load region and up to the full load region.

Abstract: A method for operating a direct injection diesel engine which is operated in a first operating region corresponding to low to medium partial load in such a way that fuel combustion takes place at a local temperature below the temperature of NOx formation and with a local air ratio above the limit value for soot formation, and where fuel injection starts in a range of between 50° to 5° crank angle before top dead center of the compression phase and where exhaust gas is recirculated at an exhaust gas recirculation rate of 50% to 70%. In order to achieve high efficiency in each operating region while keeping NOx and particulate emissions low, in a second operating region corresponding to medium partial load, fuel injection is started in a range from approximately 2° crank angle before top dead center to approximately 20° crank angle after top dead center.

Abstract: A method for operating a direct injection diesel engine which is operated in a first operating region corresponding to low to medium partial load in such a way that fuel combustion takes place at a local temperature below the temperature of NOx formation and with a local air ratio above the limit value for soot formation, and where fuel injection starts in a range of between 50° to 5° crank angle before top dead center of the compression phase and where exhaust gas is recirculated at an exhaust gas recirculation rate of 50% to 70%. In order to achieve high efficiency in each operating region while keeping NOx and particulate emissions low, in a second operating region corresponding to medium partial load, fuel injection is started in a range from approximately 2° crank angle before top dead center to approximately 20° crank angle after top dead center.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an injection system for an internal combustion engine operating on self-igniting, liquefied petroleum gas and including at least one injector per cylinder for direct fuel injection into the combustion chamber, a fuel tank in which fuel is held at a feed pressure, and a high-pressure fuel pump delivering fuel to the injector, the pressurized parts of the injector system being connected with the fuel tank by means of pressure relief lines. In order to ensure safe operation in a simple manner the proposal is put forward that a heating device should be provided which will convert the liquefied gas, at least partially, into a gaseous phase, at least in certain sections of the pressurized parts of the injection system. The gas bubble produced during this process will convey the liquid phase of the liquefied petroleum gas into the fuel tank.