Abstract: Low-foaming industrial cleaning compositions comprising water; (A) at least one carboxylic acid; (B) one or more aromatic, water soluble or dispersible, non-ionic surfactants; and optionally, one or more of the following: (C) one or more salts of carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids that are the same as component (A), different from component (A) and mixtures thereof; and (D) an amount of hydrotrope material sufficient to produce a stable homogeneous solution or dispersion of components (A) through (C) in water; (E) a pH adjuster; (F) one or more polyhydric alcohols; and (G) one or more preservatives.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, the present invention relates to a increasing the hydrophilicity of an organic surface. One method in accordance with the present invention includes oxidizing at least a portion of the organic surface to form an oxidized surface portion, and treating the oxidized surfaces portion with an aqueous treatment solution comprising water-soluble and/or water-dispersible polyphenoresin. In at least another embodiment, the present invention relates to preventing the formation of coating defects in polymeric coated surfaces. In at least one embodiment, the present invention relates to increasing paint, ink, and adhesive adhesion.

Abstract: A coating removal composition comprising: A) at least 50% wt of the total composition comprising one or more of non-ionic surfactants and/or anionic surfactants; B) an inorganic base; C) an optional component of one or more multi-functional alcohols, different from A); D) an optional component of one or more tertiary amines; and optionally, E) chelating agents, viscosity modifiers, surfactants different from A)-D), and mixtures thereof; the composition comprising less than 20 wt % water. The coating removal compositions are useful in stripping coatings from substrate surfaces and may be formulated to be essentially free (or, desirably, entirely free) of water and organic solvents classified as volatile organic compounds or HAPS.

Abstract: Low-foaming industrial cleaning compositions comprising water; (A) at least one carboxylic acid; (B) one or more aromatic, water soluble or dispersible, non-ionic surfactants; and optionally, one or more of the following: (C) one or more salts of carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids that are the same as component (A), different from component (A) and mixtures thereof; and (D) an amount of hydrotrope material sufficient to produce a stable homogeneous solution or dispersion of components (A) through (C) in water; (E) a pH adjuster; (F) one or more polyhydric alcohols; and (G) one or more preservatives.

Abstract: Many prior art processes for cleaning predominantly organic hard surfaces have been found to be considerably less effective in removing very fine particles on such surfaces than are the best cleaners for metallic surfaces. However, it has been found, and forms the basis of this invention, that fine particles can be removed effectively from organic surfaces by an indirect process of first forming a thin solid coating over the surface and then removing the solid coating, into which the fine particles that formerly contaminated the surface to be cleaned have presumably become incorporated. Substantially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate) has been found particularly useful for forming the thin solid coating when this coating is to be removed by treatment with an acidic aqueous solution; acrylate polymers are preferred if the solid coating is to be removed by an alkaline aqueous solution.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition comprising water; at least one acid selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, and inorganic acids other than phosphoric acid wherein the at least one acid is present in an amount from about 1.0 to about 30 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition (“mEq/kg”); and an amphoteric surfactant wherein the amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 grams per kilogram of total composition (“g/kg”), the aqueous liquid composition having a pH from about 2.0 to about 6.1 and having a reduced etch attack on metal as compared to an aqueous composition comprising from about 1.0 to about 30 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition (“mEq/kg”) of acids selected from the group consisting of carboxylic, hydroxycarboxylic, and inorganic acids, and not containing the amphoteric surfactant.

Abstract: Many prior art processes for cleaning predominantly organic hard surfaces have been found to be considerably less effective in removing very fine particles on such surfaces than are the best cleaners for metallic surfaces. However, it has been found, and forms the basis of this invention, that fine particles can be removed effectively from organic surfaces by an indirect process of first forming a thin solid coating over the surface and then removing the solid coating, into which the fine particles that formerly contaminated the surface to be cleaned have presumably become incorporated. Substantially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate) has been found particularly useful for forming the thin solid coating when this coating is to be removed by treatment with an acidic aqueous solution; acrylate polymers are preferred if the solid coating is to be removed by an alkaline aqueous solution.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition comprising water; at least one acid selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, and inorganic acids other than phosphoric acid wherein the at least one acid is present in an amount from about 1.0 to about 30 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition (“mEq/kg”); and an amphoteric surfactant wherein the amphoteric surfactant is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 20 grams per kilogram of total composition (“g/kg”), the aqueous liquid composition having a pH from about 2.0 to about 6.1 and having a reduced etch attack on metal as compared to an aqueous composition comprising from about 1.0 to about 30 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition (“mEq/kg”) of acids selected from the group consisting of carboxylic, hydroxycarboxylic, and inorganic acids, and not containing the amphoteric surfactant.

Abstract: Dispersions of waxes in water are now widely used as molding aids, mold release agents, and the like but often leave troublesome residues that can not be easily washed away with water. This problem can be avoided by use instead of a solution in water of certain organic materials, preferably a combination of glycerine and an alkyl imidazoline surfactant.

Abstract: Method for preventing the formation of coating defects in polymeric coated surfaces in a coating process comprising a plurality of steps that occur prior to the polymeric coating of said surfaces and that contact organic and metal surfaces with a plurality of aqueous compositions in which accumulate in suspension resin particles released from said metal surfaces. Suspended resin particles are prevented from re-depositing on the organic surfaces by converting said surfaces to hydrophilic character by means of oxidizing said surfaces prior to contacting the oxidized surfaces with said suspensions.

Abstract: Method for preventing the formation of coating defects in polymeric coated surfaces in a coating process comprising a plurality of steps that occur prior to the polymeric coating of said surfaces and that contact organic and metal surfaces with a plurality of aqueous compositions in which accumulate in suspension resin particles released from said metal surfaces. Suspended resin particles are prevented from redepositing on the organic surfaces by converting said surfaces to hydrophilic character by means of oxidizing said surfaces prior to contacting the oxidized surfaces with said suspensions.

Abstract: A "highlighter" liquid for detecting cosmetic defects in non-metallic surfaces, particularly those intended for high quality automotive finishes comprises organic substances each molecule of which contains at least one continuosly chemically bonded chain or ring of atoms in which there are at least two carbon atoms and at least two oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus heteroatoms, the carbon atoms and heteroatoms being arranged in such an order along the chain or ring that (i) each heteroatom is bonded to at least one carbon atom and (ii) the chain does not include more than three consecutive continuosly chemically bonded carbon atoms. Particularly suitable materials include glycerin, propylene glycol, low molecular weight glycol condensation polymers, and monoethers of these glycol condensation polymers. Water is also usually present in the highlighter liquid, which has a long open time and does not damage the substrate even if left in place for a day or more.

Abstract: An effective phosphate free and organic solvent free aqueous acidic cleaner for soiled plastic surfaces is a low foaming aqueous solution or dispersion that consists essentially of water and:(A) hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acid or acids;(B) nonionic surfactant; and, optionally, one or more of the following:(C) salts including anions of hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acid or acids, preferably anions of the same acid or acids as specified for part (A); and(D) a sufficient amount of hydrotrope material to produce a stable homogeneous solution or dispersion of components (A) through (C) in water; and(E) a sufficient amount of a biocidal material to inhibit growth of any bacteria and/or fungi that may be present in the composition.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing glycerin and polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight in the range of about 400 to about 1000, and, optionally, additional surfactant, is an excellent liquid auxiliary for wet sanding and produces a sanding mud that can easily be removed by washing with water, even after drying.

Abstract: An effective phosphate free and organic solvent free aqueous acidic cleaner for soiled plastic surfaces is an aqueous solution or dispersion that has a pH in the range from about 4.4--about 6.1; that has a buffering capacity sufficiently high that at least 0.06 milliequivalents of a strong alkali per liter of the composition must be added to raise the pH of the composition by 0.1 pH unit; and that consists essentially of water and:(A) from about 0.4 to about 10 milliequivalents per kilogram of total composition ("mEq/kg") of acids selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids;(B) from about 1.4 to about 20 mEq/kg of salts containing anions of acids selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids; and(C) from about 0.21 to about 3.3 grams per kilogram of total composition ("g/kg") of nonionic surfactant; and, optionally,(D) an amount of hydrotrope material that is from about 0.25 to about 0.