Abstract: A system for performing biological reactions is provided. The system includes a chip including a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites. The plurality of reaction sites are each configured to include a liquid sample of at most one nanoliter. Further, the system includes a control system configured to initiate biological reactions within the liquid samples. The system further includes a detection system configured to detect biological reactions on the chip. According to various embodiments, the chip includes at least 20000 reaction sites. In other embodiments, the chip includes at least 30000 reaction sites.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for generating a data visualization for operating a digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) system comprises, the method comprising receiving fluorescent emission data comprising a plurality of data points corresponding to fluorescence emission from a plurality of reaction sites of a substrate, the fluorescent emission data indicative of presence or absence of amplification product of a dPCR. The method further comprises displaying a data visualization of the plurality of data points in a spatial representation of the substrate such that each data point is displayed at a relative spatial location of its corresponding reaction site of the plurality of reaction sites of the substrate, a first set of data points being displayed with a first indication based on meeting a first quality value threshold and second set of data points being displayed with a second indication, differing from the first indication, based on a second quality value threshold.

Abstract: A system for performing biological reactions is provided. The system includes a chip including a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites. The plurality of reaction sites are each configured to include a liquid sample of at most one nanoliter. Further, the system includes a control system configured to initiate biological reactions within the liquid samples. The system further includes a detection system configured to detect biological reactions on the chip. According to various embodiments, the chip includes at least 20000 reaction sites. In other embodiments, the chip includes at least 30000 reaction sites.

Abstract: An apparatus for biological reactions is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites within the substrate. A surface of the substrate is configured to have a first hydrophilicity and each surface of the plurality of reaction sites is configured to have a second hydrophilicity to load a substantial number of reaction sites with a sample volume. The sample volume of each loaded reaction site is substantially confined to its respective reaction site. The sample volume is configured to undergo a biological reaction within the reaction site.

Abstract: A method comprises displaying, on a graphical user interface (GUI), a first data visualization comprising a positional representation of a plurality of reaction sites from at least a portion of a substrate, wherein the positional representation of the first data visualization simultaneously indicates relative data quality of the plurality of reaction sites; and altering the first data visualization displayed on the GUI to a second data visualization, the second data visualization comprising the positional representation of the plurality of reaction sites from the at least the portion of the substrate, wherein the positional representation of the second data visualization simultaneously indicates relative data quality of the plurality of reaction sites from at least the portion of the substrate based on a comparison of the data quality values of the plurality of reaction sites an adjusted quality value threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for biological reactions is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites within the substrate. A surface of the substrate is configured to have a first hydrophilicity and each surface of the plurality of reaction sites is configured to have a second hydrophilicity to load a substantial number of reaction sites with a sample volume. The sample volume of each loaded reaction site is substantially confined to its respective reaction site. The sample volume is configured to undergo a biological reaction within the reaction site.

Abstract: A method for generating a data visualization is provided. The method includes receiving a plurality of data points related to fluorescent emissions values from a plurality of reaction sites. The fluorescent emission values include information for a first type of dye and a second type of dye. The method further includes displaying a first portion of the plurality of data points related to the first type of dye in a representation of location of the plurality of reaction sites, and displaying a second portion of the plurality of data points related to the second type of dye in the representation. The method further includes displaying the first portion of the plurality of data points in a scatter plot display. The scatter plot shows fluorescent values related to the first dye on the y-axis and fluorescent values related to the second dye on the x-axis. The method includes displaying the second portion of the plurality of data points in the scatter plot display.

Abstract: A method for generating a data visualization is provided. The method includes displaying a representation of a portion of detected data from a substrate to a user. The method further includes generating a data quality value for the portion of detected data and displaying, along with the representation of the portion of detected data, an indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data. The method further includes selecting, by the user, a quality value threshold, and displaying an adjusted indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data meeting the quality value threshold.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for quantifying a target nucleic acid. A sample comprising a target nucleic acid is segregated into a first plurality of the reaction volumes containing at least one target nucleic acid molecule and a second plurality of the reaction volumes containing no target nucleic acid molecules. The reaction volumes are subjected to an amplification assay, wherein the amplification assay is configured to amplify the target nucleic acid. An indicator of amplification is detected or measured in at least some of the plurality of reaction volumes. The target nucleic acid is quantified based on the detection or measurement. After discontinuing the amplification assay, the plurality of reaction volumes may be heated and changes in the indicators of amplification of two or more of the at least some of the reaction volumes may be detected or measured.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for quantifying a target nucleic acid. A sample comprising a target nucleic acid is segregated into a first plurality of the reaction volumes containing at least one target nucleic acid molecule and a second plurality of the reaction volumes containing no target nucleic acid molecules. The reaction volumes are subjected to an amplification assay, wherein the amplification assay is configured to amplify the target nucleic acid. An indicator of amplification is detected or measured in at least some of the plurality of reaction volumes. The target nucleic acid is quantified based on the detection or measurement. After discontinuing the amplification assay, the plurality of reaction volumes may be heated and changes in the indicators of amplification of two or more of the at least some of the reaction volumes may be detected or measured.

Abstract: A method for generating a data visualization is provided. The method includes displaying a representation of a portion of detected data from a substrate to a user. The method further includes generating a data quality value for the portion of detected data and displaying, along with the representation of the portion of detected data, an indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data. The method further includes selecting, by the user, a quality value threshold, and displaying an adjusted indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data meeting the quality value threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for biological reactions is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites within the substrate. A surface of the substrate is configured to have a first hydrophilicity and each surface of the plurality of reaction sites is configured to have a second hydrophilicity to load a substantial number of reaction sites with a sample volume. The sample volume of each loaded reaction site is substantially confined to its respective reaction site. The sample volume is configured to undergo a biological reaction within the reaction site.

Abstract: A method for generating a data visualization is provided. The method includes displaying a representation of a portion of detected data from a substrate to a user. The method further includes generating a data quality value for the portion of detected data and displaying, along with the representation of the portion of detected data, an indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data. The method further includes selecting, by the user, a quality value threshold, and displaying an adjusted indication of data quality value for the portion of detected data meeting the quality value threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for biological reactions is provided. The apparatus includes a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites within the substrate. A surface of the substrate is configured to have a first hydrophilicity and each surface of the plurality of reaction sites is configured to have a second hydrophilicity to load a substantial number of reaction sites with a sample volume. The sample volume of each loaded reaction site is substantially confined to its respective reaction site. The sample volume is configured to undergo a biological reaction within the reaction site.

Abstract: A sample loader for loading a liquid sample into a plurality of reaction sites within a substrate is provided. The sample loader includes a first blade, and a second blade coupled to the first blade. The sample loader further comprises a flow path between the first blade and second blade configured to dispense a liquid sample to a substrate including a plurality of reaction sites. Further, in various embodiments the liquid sample has an advancing contact angle of 85+/?15 degrees with the first and second blade. Furthermore, loading of the liquid sample dispensed from the flow path to the plurality of reaction sites may be based on capillary action.

Abstract: A system for performing biological reactions is provided. The system includes a chip including a substrate and a plurality of reaction sites. The plurality of reaction sites are each configured to include a liquid sample of at most one nanoliter. Further, the system includes a control system configured to initiate biological reactions within the liquid samples. The system further includes a detection system configured to detect biological reactions on the chip. According to various embodiments, the chip includes at least 20000 reaction sites. In other embodiments, the chip includes at least 30000 reaction sites.

Abstract: A biological analysis system is provided. The system comprises an interchangeable assembly configured to accommodate any one of a plurality of sample holders, each respective sample holder configured to receive a plurality of samples. The system also includes a control system configured to cycle the plurality of samples through a series of temperatures. The system further includes an optical system configured to detect fluorescent signals emitted from the plurality of samples. The optical system, in particular, can comprise a single field lens, an excitation source, an optical sensor, and a plurality of filter components. The excitation source can be one or more light emitting diodes. The field lens can be a bi-convex lens.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for quantifying a target nucleic acid. A sample comprising a target nucleic acid is segregated into a first plurality of the reaction volumes containing at least one target nucleic acid molecule and a second plurality of the reaction volumes containing no target nucleic acid molecules. The reaction volumes are subjected to an amplification assay, wherein the amplification assay is configured to amplify the target nucleic acid. An indicator of amplification is detected or measured in at least some of the plurality of reaction volumes. The target nucleic acid is quantified based on the detection or measurement. After discontinuing the amplification assay, the plurality of reaction volumes may be heated and changes in the indicators of amplification of two or more of the at least some of the reaction volumes may be detected or measured.

Abstract: A system for detecting one or more target molecules includes a reaction device and a temperature controller. The reaction device comprises a plurality of reaction sites and plurality of field effect transistors corresponding to the plurality of reaction sites. At least two of the reaction sites may receive a reaction solution including two target molecules. The temperature controller is configured to control a temperature of at least one of the reaction sites or the reaction solution received by the at least one reaction site. At least some of the reaction sites may receive a reagent supporting an amplification reaction. When the reaction is subjected to an amplification assay, an amplified product is produced in the at least some of the reaction sites. The plurality of field effect transistors are configured to detect at least one of the amplified products.

Abstract: A method for generating a data visualization is provided. The method includes receiving a plurality of data points related to fluorescent emissions values from a plurality of reaction sites. The fluorescent emission values include information for a first type of dye and a second type of dye. The method further includes displaying a first portion of the plurality of data points related to the first type of dye in a representation of location of the plurality of reaction sites, and displaying a second portion of the plurality of data points related to the second type of dye in the representation. The method further includes displaying the first portion of the plurality of data points in a scatter plot display. The scatter plot shows fluorescent values related to the first dye on the y-axis and fluorescent values related to the second dye on the x-axis. The method includes displaying the second portion of the plurality of data points in the scatter plot display.