Patents by Inventor Theodore M. Lyszczarz
Theodore M. Lyszczarz has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
-
Patent number: 11275868Abstract: An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide utilizes a luminescent material disposed within or around its perimeter to introduce additional light into the waveguide. For example, the waveguide may include a plurality of planar layers having different refractive indexes. A luminescent material may be disposed along the outer edge of these layers. When light from within the waveguide strikes the luminescent material, it emits light, thereby adding to the light in the waveguide. Not only does the luminescent material introduce more light into the waveguide, it also introduces more light sources, thereby making it more difficult to introduce a probe without blocking at least a portion of the light destined for the image sensor. The luminescent material may be a phosphor.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2020Date of Patent: March 15, 2022Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Joshua Kramer, Karen M. G. V. Gettings, Marc J. Burke, Mankuan M. Vai, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Publication number: 20210012034Abstract: An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide utilizes a luminescent material disposed within or around its perimeter to introduce additional light into the waveguide. For example, the waveguide may include a plurality of planar layers having different refractive indexes. A luminescent material may be disposed along the outer edge of these layers. When light from within the waveguide strikes the luminescent material, it emits light, thereby adding to the light in the waveguide. Not only does the luminescent material introduce more light into the waveguide, it also introduces more light sources, thereby making it more difficult to introduce a probe without blocking at least a portion of the light destined for the image sensor. The luminescent material may be a phosphor.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2020Publication date: January 14, 2021Inventors: Michael W. Geis, Joshua Kramer, Karen M.G.V. Gettings, Marc J. Burke, Mankuan M. Vai, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 10740493Abstract: An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide utilizes a luminescent material disposed within or around its perimeter to introduce additional light into the waveguide. For example, the waveguide may include a plurality of planar layers having different refractive indexes. A luminescent material may be disposed along the outer edge of these layers. When light from within the waveguide strikes the luminescent material, it emits light, thereby adding to the light in the waveguide. Not only does the luminescent material introduce more light into the waveguide, it also introduces more light sources, thereby making it more difficult to introduce a probe without blocking at least a portion of the light destined for the image sensor. The luminescent material may be a phosphor.Type: GrantFiled: February 29, 2016Date of Patent: August 11, 2020Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Joshua Kramer, Karen M.G.V. Gettings, Marc J. Burke, Mankuan M. Vai, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 10496376Abstract: A novel system for generating random numbers is disclosed. The radioactive source emits photons, which causes the release of electrons on the surface of the detector. The detector is configured as a two dimensional array having a plurality of pixels. This release of electrons creates a splatter pattern on the detector, which is then read by the processor. Subsequent photon emissions create a second splatter pattern, which is then read by the processor. The processor compares these two splatter patterns, and generates random numbers based on these two splatter patterns. In certain embodiments, the processor creates a difference matrix which represents a comparison of the two splatter patterns. The processor then classifies each pixel in the difference matrix in accordance with certain rules. In certain embodiments, these classification rules may vary as a function of time or as a function of where on the detector the pixel is disposed.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 2017Date of Patent: December 3, 2019Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Harry R. Clark, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Publication number: 20190235839Abstract: A novel system for generating random numbers is disclosed. The radioactive source emits photons, which causes the release of electrons on the surface of the detector. The detector is configured as a two dimensional array having a plurality of pixels. This release of electrons creates a splatter pattern on the detector, which is then read by the processor. Subsequent photon emissions create a second splatter pattern, which is then read by the processor. The processor compares these two splatter patterns, and generates random numbers based on these two splatter patterns. In certain embodiments, the processor creates a difference matrix which represents a comparison of the two splatter patterns. The processor then classifies each pixel in the difference matrix in accordance with certain rules. In certain embodiments, these classification rules may vary as a function of time or as a function of where on the detector the pixel is disposed.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 21, 2017Publication date: August 1, 2019Inventors: Harry R. Clark, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Publication number: 20180025182Abstract: An improved waveguide is disclosed. The waveguide utilizes a luminescent material disposed within or around its perimeter to introduce additional light into the waveguide. For example, the waveguide may include a plurality of planar layers having different refractive indexes. A luminescent material may be disposed along the outer edge of these layers. When light from within the waveguide strikes the luminescent material, it emits light, thereby adding to the light in the waveguide. Not only does the luminescent material introduce more light into the waveguide, it also introduces more light sources, thereby making it more difficult to introduce a probe without blocking at least a portion of the light destined for the image sensor. The luminescent material may be a phosphor.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 29, 2016Publication date: January 25, 2018Inventors: Michael W. Geis, Joshua Kramer, Karen M.G.V. Gettings, Marc J. Burke, Mankuan M. Vai, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 8818150Abstract: Method and apparatus for modulation of both the intensity and the polarization of radiation in silicon waveguides by applying a biasing voltage to the waveguide.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2007Date of Patent: August 26, 2014Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Matthew E. Grein, Theodore M. Lyszczarz, Michael W. Geis, Steven J. Spector, Donna M. Lennon, Yoon Jung
-
Patent number: 7880204Abstract: A Silicon photodetector contains an insulating substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface. A Silicon layer is located on the top surface of the insulating substrate, where the Silicon layer contains a center region, the center region being larger in thickness than the rest of the Silicon layer. A top Silicon dioxide layer is located on a top surface of the center region. A left wing of the center region and a right wing of the center region are doped. The Silicon photodetector also has an active region located within the center region, where the active region contains a tailored crystal defect-impurity combination and Oxygen atoms.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 2006Date of Patent: February 1, 2011Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Steven J. Spector, Donna M. Lennon, Matthew E. Grein, Robert T. Schulein, Jung U. Yoon, Franz Xaver Kaertner, Fuwan Gan, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Publication number: 20100089443Abstract: Methods, devices, and compositions related to organic solar cells, sensors, and other photon processing devices are disclosed. In some aspects, an organic semiconducting composition is formed with nano-sized features, e.g., a layer conforming to a shape exhibiting nano-sized tapered features. Such structures can be formulated as an organic n-type and/or an organic p-type layer incorporated in a device that exhibits enhanced conductor mobility relative to conventional structures such as planar layered formed organic semiconductors. The nanofeatures can be formed on an exciton blocking layer (“EBL”) surface, with an organic semiconducting layer deposited thereon to conform with the EBL's surface features. A variety of material possibilities are disclosed, as well as a number of different configurations. Such organic structures can be used to form flexible solar cells in a roll-out format.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 24, 2009Publication date: April 15, 2010Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Theodore M. Bloomstein, Roderick R. Kunz, Theodore M. Lyszczarz, Vladimir Bulovic
-
Publication number: 20100025787Abstract: A Silicon photodetector contains an insulating substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface. A Silicon layer is located on the top surface of the insulating substrate, where the Silicon layer contains a center region, the center region being larger in thickness than the rest of the Silicon layer. A top Silicon dioxide layer is located on a top surface of the center region. A left wing of the center region and a right wing of the center region are doped. The Silicon photodetector also has an active region located within the center region, where the active region contains a tailored crystal defect-impurity combination and Oxygen atoms.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 2, 2006Publication date: February 4, 2010Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Steven J. Spector, Donna M. Lennon, Matthew E. Grein, Robert T. Schulein, Jung U. Yoon, Franz Xaver Kaertner, Fuwan Gan, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 7443090Abstract: A surface-emission cathode formed on an insulating surface having cantilevered, i.e. “undercut,” electrodes. Suitable insulating surfaces include negative electron affinity (NEA) insulators such as glass or diamond. The cathode can operate in a comprised vacuum (e.g., 10?7 Torr) with no bias on the electrodes and low vacuum electric fields (e.g., at least 10 V cm?1). Embodiments of the present invention are inexpensive to fabricate, requiring lithographic resolution of approximately 10 micrometers. These cathodes can be formed over large areas for use in lighting and displays and are suitable for satellite applications, such as cathodes for tethers, thrusters and space-charging neutralizers.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 2005Date of Patent: October 28, 2008Assignee: The Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Theodore H. Fedynyshyn, Sandra J. Deneault, Keith E. Krohn, Theodore M. Lyszczarz, Michael F. Marchant
-
Patent number: 5990604Abstract: Improved field-emission devices are based on composing the back contact to the emitter material such that electron-injection efficiency into the emitter material is enhanced. Alteration of the emitter material structure near the contact or geometric field enhancement due to contact morphology gives rise to the improved injection efficiency. The devices are able to emit electrons at high current density and lower applied potential differences and temperatures than previously achieved. Wide-bandgap emitter materials without shallow donors benefit from this approach. The emission characteristics of diamond substitutionally doped with nitrogen, having a favorable emitter/vacuum band structure but being limited by the efficiency of electron injection into it, show especial improvement in the context of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1998Date of Patent: November 23, 1999Assignee: Massacusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Jonathan C. Twichell, Theodore M. Lyszczarz, Nickolay N. Efremow
-
Patent number: 5973451Abstract: The surface-emission cathodes of the invention are constructed so that the cathode body has a free surface over which electrons are efficiently accelerated after injection from a conductive contact. The junction between the free surface and the contact has the property that the height of the barrier to tunneling from the contact to floating surface states associated with the free surface of the cathode body is lower than both the barrier to emission from the contact to vacuum and the barrier to injection from the contact into the conduction band of the cathode body material. Thus under an applied potential, electrons are injected from the contact into floating surface states associated with the free surface. After acceleration, electrons leave the free surface, either emitted to vacuum or injected into another medium.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1997Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Nickolai N. Efremow, Kevin E. Krohn, Jonathan C. Twichell, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 5729094Abstract: An energetic-electron emitter providing electrons having kinetic energies on the order of one thousand electron volts without acceleration through vacuum. An average electric field of 10.sup.5 V/m to 10.sup.10 V/m applied across a layer of emissive cathode material accelerates electrons inside the layer. The cathode material is a high-dielectric strength, rigid-structure, wide-bandgap semiconductors, especially type Ib diamond. A light-emitting device incorporates the energetic-electron emitter as a source of excitation to luminescence.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1996Date of Patent: March 17, 1998Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Jonathan C. Twichell, Theodore M. Lyszczarz
-
Patent number: 5713775Abstract: Improved field-emission devices are based on composing the back contact to the emitter material such that electron-injection efficiency into the emitter material is enhanced. Alteration of the emitter material structure near the contact or geometric field enhancement due to contact morphology gives rise to the improved injection efficiency. The devices are able to emit electrons at high current density and lower applied potential differences and temperatures than previously achieved. Wide-bandgap emitter materials without shallow donors benefit from this approach. The emission characteristics of diamond substitutionally doped with nitrogen, having a favorable emitter/vacuum band structure but being limited by the efficiency of electron injection into it, show especial improvement in the context of the invention.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 1995Date of Patent: February 3, 1998Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Geis, Jonathan C. Twichell, Theodore M. Lyszczarz, Nickolay N. Efremow
-
Patent number: 4618261Abstract: A lens or fiberoptic cable focuses energy from a collimated helium neon laser beam upon a point on a mask. Some of the focused energy is reflected from the mask upon a photodetector array in an image plane, and some of this energy is reflected from a substrate closely adjacent to the mask after passing through the mask upon the photodetector array to produce an interference pattern that is sensed and characterized by a spatial frequency representative of the distance between the mask and substrate.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1984Date of Patent: October 21, 1986Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Dale C. Flanders, Theodore M. Lyszczarz