Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide replaces a portion of the water required to suppress the formation of carbon in gas phase catalytic reforming and hydrocracking of hydrocarbons, particularly aromatics. Hydrogen is present to prevent carbon formation from the aromatic hydrocarbons. The support used for the catalyst is a gamma alumina, delta alumina, theta alumina or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A slurry of particulate carbonaceous material such as coal and a liquid hydrocarbon solvent formed from liquefaction of the carbonaceous material in the presence of hydrogen are combined with hydrogen in a liquefaction zone operated at temperatures from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. F, and pressures up to about 2500 psi. There is generated vapor and liquid hydrocarbons and solid residue. Light liquid hydrocarbons may be recovered as a product or ultimately converted to methane. Another portion of the liquid is recycled as the hydrocarbon solvent. The higher boiling liquid hydrocarbons and the solid residue are subjected to gasification to yield a synthesis gas which serves as a stripping gas stream used for separating the products of liquefaction into useful constituents. Preferably, all of the synthesis gas formed in the process, hydrocarbon vapor, and the light liquid hydrocarbons are converted by a combination of reforming and methanation operations to methane.

Abstract: A slurry of particulate coal and a liquid hydrocarbon solvent formed from liquefaction of coal in the presence of hydrogen are combined with hydrogen in a liquefaction zone operated at temperatures from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. F, and pressures up to about 2500 psi. There are generated vapor and liquid hydrocarbons and solid residue. Light liquid hydrocarbons may be recovered as a product or ultimately converted to methane. Another portion of the liquid is recycled as the hydrocarbon solvent. The higher boiling liquid hydrocarbons and the solid residue are subjected to gasification to yield a synthesis gas which serves as a stripping gas stream used for separating the products of liquefaction into useful constituents. Preferably, all of the synthesis gas formed in the process, hydrocarbon vapor, and the light liquid hydrocarbons are converted by a combination of reforming and methanation operations to methane.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide replaces a portion of the water required to suppress the formation of carbon in gas phase catalytic reforming and hydrocracking processes of hydrocarbons, particularly aromatics. Hydrogen is present to prevent carbon formation from the hydrocarbons.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the production of substitute natural gas (SNG) from carbonaceous materials such as hydrocarbon liquids including hydrocarbon fractions and/or solid carbonaceous fuels, by non-catalytic partial oxidation of the carbonaceous materials in the presence of process generated oxygen and high pressure steam, to form a gas stream containing principally hydrogen and oxides of carbon which are suitable for catalytic conversion to methane under conditions where sufficient waste heat is recovered in the form of high pressure steam to satisfy the steam requirements for the process and that necessary to drive compressors to produce oxygen from air as required by the partial oxidiation stage. A product gas stream containing up to 99.9% methane and less than 1 ppm sulfur compounds may be obtained.