Abstract: Natalizumab is a safe and efficacious treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chain swapping between natalizumab and IgG4 molecules acts to reduce the level of bivalent natalizumab present following administration of natalizumab, and thus to lower the activity of natalizumab in the patient. Differences in IgG4 levels across patients or within a single patient across time may change the pharmacokinetic profile of natalizumab. Patients with lower levels of IgG4 may experience higher nadir levels of natalizumab during a dosing period. Monitoring IgG4 and/or bivalent natalizumab levels, and determining a dose or dosage period based on the monitoring may improve the safety and/or efficacy of natalizumab therapy.

Abstract: A method of chronically reducing a patient's pathological inflammation via the administration of an agent that specifically binds to an alpha-4 integrin or a dimer comprising an alpha-4 integrin is disclosed. The agent provided must have a binding affinity such that administration is sufficient to suppress pathological inflammation, and the agent is administered chronically to provide long-term suppression of pathological inflammation.

Abstract: Natalizumab is a safe and efficacious treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chain swapping between natalizumab and IgG4 molecules acts to reduce the level of bivalent natalizumab present following administration of natalizumab, and thus to lower the activity of natalizumab in the patient. Differences in IgG4 levels across patients or within a single patient across time may change the pharmacokinetic profile of natalizumab. Patients with lower levels of IgG4 may experience higher nadir levels of natalizumab during a dosing period. Monitoring IgG4 and/or bivalent natalizumab levels, and determining a dose or dosage period based on the monitoring may improve the safety and/or efficacy of natalizumab therapy.

Abstract: A method of chronically reducing a patient's pathological inflammation via the administration of an agent that specifically binds to an alpha-4 integrin or a dimer comprising an alpha-4 integrin is disclosed. The agent provided must have a binding affinity such that administration is sufficient to suppress pathological inflammation, and the agent is administered chronically to provide long-term suppression of pathological inflammation.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG4-5 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies can preferentially stain cancer or tumor cells or tissue. The antibodies can be used for detecting cancer, evaluating the efficacy of a cancer therapy, treating cancer, and treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.

Abstract: Described herein are anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that are capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and its ligand, a protein comprising a laminin ?-4 chain. These anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof may be useful for, for example, treating inflammatory conditions characterized by the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into a site of inflammation in the body.

Abstract: Natalizumab is a safe and efficacious treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chain swapping between natalizumab and IgG4 molecules acts to reduce the level of bivalent natalizumab present following administration of natalizumab, and thus to lower the activity of natalizumab in the patient. Differences in IgG4 levels across patients or within a single patient across time may change the pharmacokinetic profile of natalizumab. Patients with lower levels of IgG4 may experience higher nadir levels of natalizumab during a dosing period. Monitoring IgG4 and/or bivalent natalizumab levels, and determining a dose or dosage period based on the monitoring may improve the safety and/or efficacy of natalizumab therapy.

Abstract: Described herein are MCAM antagonists, including MCAM antagonist antibodies capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and it ligand, a laminin a4 chain, e.g., an ct4 chain of laminin 41 1. These MCAM antagonists, e.g., anti-MCAM antibodies, may be useful to treat neuroinflammatory conditions, for example, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, by inhibiting the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into the central nervous system (CNS), e.g., extravasation of TH 17 cells into the CNS.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG4-5 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies can preferentially stain cancer or tumor cells or tissue. The antibodies can be used for detecting cancer, evaluating the efficacy of a cancer therapy, treating cancer, and treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.

Abstract: A method of chronically reducing a patient's pathological inflammation via the administration of an agent that specifically binds to an alpha-4 integrin or a dimer comprising an alpha-4 integrin is disclosed. The agent provided must have a binding affinity such that administration is sufficient to suppress pathological inflammation, and the agent is administered chronically to provide long-term suppression of pathological inflammation.

Abstract: Described herein are anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that are capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and its ligand, a protein comprising a laminin ?-4 chain. These anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof may be useful for, for example, treating inflammatory conditions characterized by the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into a site of inflammation in the body.

Abstract: Natalizumab is a safe and efficacious treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chain swapping between natalizumab and IgG4 molecules acts to reduce the level of bivalent natalizumab present following administration of natalizumab, and thus to lower the activity of natalizumab in the patient. Differences in IgG4 levels across patients or within a single patient across time may change the pharmacokinetic profile of natalizumab. Patients with lower levels of IgG4 may experience higher nadir levels of natalizumab during a dosing period. Monitoring IgG4 and/or bivalent natalizumab levels, and determining a dose or dosage period based on the monitoring may improve the safety and/or efficacy of natalizumab therapy.

Abstract: Described herein are anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that are capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and its ligand, a protein comprising a laminin ?-4 chain. These anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof may be useful for, for example, treating inflammatory conditions characterized by the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into a site of inflammation in the body.

Abstract: Described herein are anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that are capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and its ligand, a protein comprising a laminin ?-4 chain. These anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof may be useful for, for example, treating inflammatory conditions characterized by the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into a site of inflammation in the body.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG4-5 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies can preferentially stain cancer or tumor cells or tissue. The antibodies can be used for detecting cancer, evaluating the efficacy of a cancer therapy, treating cancer, and treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG4-5 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies can preferentially stain cancer or tumor cells or tissue. The antibodies can be used for detecting cancer, evaluating the efficacy of a cancer therapy, treating cancer, and treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG4-5 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies can preferentially stain cancer or tumor cells or tissue. The antibodies can be used for detecting cancer, evaluating the efficacy of a cancer therapy, treating cancer, and treating obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.

Abstract: Described herein are anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof that are capable of inhibiting the interaction between MCAM and its ligand, a protein comprising a laminin ?-4 chain. These anti-MCAM antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof may be useful for, for example, treating inflammatory conditions characterized by the infiltration of MCAM-expressing cells into a site of inflammation in the body.

Abstract: A method of chronically reducing a patient's pathological inflammation via the administration of an agent that specifically binds to an alpha-4 integrin or a dimer comprising an alpha-4 integrin is disclosed. The agent provided must have a binding affinity such that administration is sufficient to suppress pathological inflammation, and the agent is administered chronically to provide long-term suppression of pathological inflammation.

Abstract: The invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to the LG1-3 modules of the G domain of laminin ?4. The antibodies have the capacity to inhibit binding of laminin ?4 to MCAM. The antibodies can be used for inhibiting undesired immune responses, treatment of cancer, or treatment of obesity or obesity-related diseases, among other applications.