Abstract: Network navigation includes receiving page instructions for displaying a first web page, the page instructions including application instructions for displaying an application on the first web page, storing the application instructions, receiving new page instructions for displaying a second web page, determining if the second web page includes the application, and formatting the second web page for display based on the new page instructions and, if the second web page includes the application, on the application instructions.

Abstract: Provided is a method of managing a problem with retrieving information from a computer system. The method includes automatically generating a request for the information, testing whether the problem is indicated by a result of the request, and, based on the testing, automatically determining whether human intervention is required.

Abstract: Methods are provided for controlling access to information in a distributed computing system. A request for the information is received and is accompanied by encrypted session state data. Based on the encrypted session state data, it is determined whether to pass the request on to a source of the information. In a memory buffer, old data is replaced by overwriting with a unique identifier. After the memory buffer has received new data and a procedure has been executed for copying the contents of the memory buffer to a destination, it is determined whether the unique identifier may be found at the destination.