Abstract: In an insertion instrument for a three-piece intervertebral implant that includes an upper part that can be placed against a vertebra, a lower part that can be placed against the adjacent vertebra, and a pivot element that can be inserted between these two parts, the instrument having two arms, disposed side by side and supported pivotably relative to one another on one end, which at their free ends each have one retention device for the upper part and lower part, respectively, of the intervertebral implant, it is proposed that a longitudinal guide for the pivot element is disposed in one of the arms.

Abstract: In an insertion instrument for a three-piece intervertebral implant that includes an upper part that can be placed against a vertebra, a lower part that can be placed against the adjacent vertebra, and a pivot element that can be inserted between these two parts, the instrument having two arms, disposed side by side and supported pivotably relative to one another on one end, which at their free ends each have one retention device for the upper part and lower part, respectively, of the intervertebral implant, it is proposed that a longitudinal guide for the pivot element is disposed in one of the arms.

Abstract: In an intervertebral implant, having an upper part that has a support face for a vertebra and a lower part that has a support face for an adjacent vertebra, on each of which parts engagement elements, which are accessible from one side of the intervertebral implant, for a manipulation instrument are disposed, in order to minimize the structural height of the intervertebral implant upon insertion into an intervertebral space, it is proposed that the upper part and lower part each have protrusions and recesses aimed at the respectively other part, which are offset laterally from one another in such a way that when the upper part has been brought close to the lower part they mesh with one another; and that the engagement elements on the upper part and on the lower part are each disposed in protrusions of these parts in such a way that the engagement elements of the upper part and lower part are located side by side and at least partly overlap in the direction of the height of the intervertebral implant.

Abstract: In an intervertebral implant, having an upper part that has a support face for a vertebra and a lower part that has a support face for an adjacent vertebra, on each of which parts engagement elements, which are accessible from one side of the intervertebral implant, for a manipulation instrument are disposed, in order to minimize the structural height of the intervertebral implant upon insertion into an intervertebral space, it is proposed that the upper part and lower part each have protrusions and recesses aimed at the respectively other part, which are offset laterally from one another in such a way that when the upper part has been brought close to the lower part they mesh with one another; and that the engagement elements on the upper part and on the lower part are each disposed in protrusions of these parts in such a way that the engagement elements of the upper part and lower part are located side by side and at least partly overlap in the direction of the height of the intervertebral implant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for customizing an intervertebral implant includes the initial step of obtaining a 3D anatomy of a series of vertebrae including an abnormal vertebra in a computer. The 3D anatomy of the series is then repositioned in the computer to eliminate the deformity caused by the abnormal vertebra. It is next determined whether a superior or inferior surface of the abnormal vertebra is an abnormal surface which causes the deformity, whereby an approximate gap between the abnormal surface and a desired normal surface is determined. Using that gap determination, a custom implant is constructed to engage the abnormal surface and fill the determined gap. Thus, when the implant is implanted between the abnormal surface and an adjacent surface of an adjacent vertebrae, the deformity is substantially compensated for. The implant may have articulation between the endplates to allow relative movement therebetween.

Abstract: The invention pertains to an analysis device for measuring physical, chemical and/or biological parameters in an intervertebral disc. It comprises a probe adapted to be inserted in the intervertebral disc; the probe including at its distal end at least three different sensors. The intervertebral disc analysis system and method is useful for measuring physical, chemical and/or biochemical parameters in the intervertebral disc, the data generated by these sensors providing an effigy of the physiological status of the intervertebral disc. The invention further pertains to a method for obtaining physical, chemical and/or biological data of the intervertebral disc, the data being useful for matters in relation to diseases of the intervertebral disc, in particularly for diagnostics and therapies of diseases of the intervertebral disc.

Abstract: A method of implanting an intervertebral implant or component thereof, in which each component is selected to have an inner surface and an outer surface which engages an adjacent vertebra and presents only three distinct points of contact with a cortical rim of the vertebra. The outer surface is selected to have a footprint which is sized to be within that of the cortical rim. In disclosed embodiments, the footprint can be convexo-concave shaped or kidney shaped. The intervertebral implant can be provided with upper and lower (or first and second) components which engage adjacent first and second vertebrae and which move relative to one another. The implant has both the first and second outer surfaces sized to present a respective footprint sufficient for two lateral-anterior and one posterior points of contact with an adjacent cortical rim of the respective first and second vertebra.

Abstract: A method of implanting an intervertebral implant or component thereof, in which each component is selected to have an inner surface and an outer surface which engages an adjacent vertebra and presents only three distinct points of contact with a cortical rim of the vertebra. The outer surface is selected to have a footprint which is sized to be within that of the cortical rim. In disclosed embodiments, the footprint can be convexo-concave shaped or kidney shaped. The intervertebral implant can be provided with upper and lower (or first and second) components which engage adjacent first and second vertebrae and which move relative to one another. The implant has both the first and second outer surfaces sized to present a respective footprint sufficient for two lateral-anterior and one posterior points of contact with an adjacent cortical rim of the respective first and second vertebra.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of an intervertebral space with a trial implant (9), the insertion of an implant (5, 6, 7), the inserters (13, 16), and the method for feeding and inserting the implant (5, 6, 7) by means of an oblique anterior approach. In the novel improved method, the associated instruments (13, 16) for inserting an implant (5, 6, 7) into an intervertebral space, in particular for the lumbar spine at an oblique anterior angle of 45° was developed, the left side of the body being preferred for insertion of the implant (5, 6, 7). Either the implant (5, 6, 7) can be inserted all in one, or first the upper part (5) and lower parts (7) and then the inlay (6) may be inserted. By insertion by means of the left oblique anterior approach at 45°, optimum utilization of the area of the intervertebral space is ensured (footprint), and better retention of the implant is guaranteed by the exact chiselling at an angle of 90° normal to the respective intervertebral surface.

Abstract: A method of implanting an intervertebral implant or component thereof, in which each component is selected to have an inner surface and an outer surface which engages an adjacent vertebra and presents only three distinct points of contact with a cortical rim of the vertebra. The outer surface is selected to have a footprint which is sized to be within that of the cortical rim. In disclosed embodiments, the footprint can be convexo-concave shaped or kidney shaped. The intervertebral implant can be provided with upper and lower (or first and second) components which engage adjacent first and second vertebrae and which move relative to one another. The implant has both the first and second outer surfaces sized to present a respective footprint sufficient for two lateral-anterior and one posterior points of contact with an adjacent cortical rim of the respective first and second vertebra.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant is made up of components which each have an inner surface and an outer surface which engages an adjacent vertebra and presents only three distinct points of contact with a cortical rim of the vertebra. Preferably, the outer surface has a footprint which is sized to be within that of the cortical rim. In disclosed embodiments, the footprint can be convexo-concave shaped, D shaped, or kidney shaped. The intervertebral implant can be provided with upper and lower (or first and second) components which engage adjacent first and second vertebrae and which move relative to one another. The implant has both the first and second outer surfaces sized to present a respective footprint sufficient for two lateral-anterior and one posterior points of contact with an adjacent cortical rim of the respective first and second vertebra.

Abstract: In an intervertebral implant, having an upper part that has a support face for a vertebra and a lower part that has a support face for an adjacent vertebra, on each of which parts engagement elements, which are accessible from one side of the intervertebral implant, for a manipulation instrument are disposed, in order to minimize the structural height of the intervertebral implant upon insertion into an intervertebral space, it is proposed that the upper part and lower part each have protrusions and recesses aimed at the respectively other part, which are offset laterally from one another in such a way that when the upper part has been brought close to the lower part they mesh with one another; and that the engagement elements on the upper part and on the lower part are each disposed in protrusions of these parts in such a way that the engagement elements of the upper part and lower part are located side by side and at least partly overlap in the direction of the height of the intervertebral implant.

Abstract: In an insertion instrument for a three-piece intervertebral implant that includes an upper part that can be placed against a vertebra, a lower part that can be placed against the adjacent vertebra, and a pivot element that can be inserted between these two parts, the instrument having two arms, disposed side by side and supported pivotably relative to one another on one end, which at their free ends each have one retention device for the upper part and lower part, respectively, of the intervertebral implant, it is proposed that a longitudinal guide for the pivot element is disposed in one of the arms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for customizing an intervertebral implant includes the initial step of obtaining a 3D anatomy of a series of vertebrae including an abnormal vertebra in a computer. The 3D anatomy of the series is then repositioned in the computer to eliminate the deformity caused by the abnormal vertebra. It is next determined whether a superior or inferior surface of the abnormal vertebra is an abnormal surface which causes the deformity, whereby an approximate gap between the abnormal surface and a desired normal surface is determined. Using that gap determination, a custom implant is constructed to engage the abnormal surface and fill the determined gap. Thus, when the implant is implanted between the abnormal surface and an adjacent surface of an adjacent vertebrae, the deformity is substantially compensated for. The implant may have articulation between the endplates to allow relative movement therebetween.

Abstract: In an insertion instrument for a three-piece intervertebral implant that includes an upper part that can be placed against a vertebra, a lower part that can be placed against the adjacent vertebra, and a pivot element that can be inserted between these two parts, the instrument having two arms, disposed side by side and supported pivotably relative to one another on one end, which at their free ends each have one retention device for the upper part and lower part, respectively, of the intervertebral implant, it is proposed that a longitudinal guide for the pivot element is disposed in one of the arms.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant comprises first and second parts having outer surfaces engaging adjacent vertebral surfaces. An insert between these parts provides relative movement therebetween. The first and/or second parts may have engagement means in the form of apertures for engagement with insertion instruments. The first and second parts may nest together, in the absence of the insert, for insertion into the intervertebral space. The boundaries of the implant may form a working space which would include insertion instruments therein. A detent and detent recess may be provided for engagement of the insert and one of said first and second parts.

Abstract: In an intervertebral implant, having an upper part that has a support face for a vertebra and a lower part that has a support face for an adjacent vertebra, on each of which parts engagement elements, which are accessible from one side of the intervertebral implant, for a manipulation instrument are disposed, in order to minimize the structural height of the intervertebral implant upon insertion into an intervertebral space, it is proposed that the upper part and lower part each have protrusions and recesses aimed at the respectively other part, which are offset laterally from one another in such a way that when the upper part has been brought close to the lower part they mesh with one another; and that the engagement elements on the upper part and on the lower part are each disposed in protrusions of these parts in such a way that the engagement elements of the upper part and lower part are located side by side and at least partly overlap in the direction of the height of the intervertebral implant.

Abstract: In an intervertebral implant, having an upper part that has a support face for a vertebra and a lower part that has a support face for an adjacent vertebra, on each of which parts engagement elements, which are accessible from one side of the intervertebral implant, for a manipulation instrument are disposed, in order to minimize the structural height of the intervertebral implant upon insertion into an intervertebral space, it is proposed that the upper part and lower part each have protrusions and recesses aimed at the respectively other part, which are offset laterally from one another in such a way that when the upper part has been brought close to the lower part they mesh with one another; and that the engagement elements on the upper part and on the lower part are each disposed in protrusions of these parts in such a way that the engagement elements of the upper part and lower part are located side by side and at least partly overlap in the direction of the height of the intervertebral implant.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating spinal stenosis by pedicle distraction. The vertebral segment is cut so that the pedicles are separated from the main portion of the vertebral segment. After being cut, each pedicle is separated from the main portion and fixed at a distance from the main portion using screws. For example, two-component compression screws or stenosis screws may be used to fix the pedicles from the main portion. The screws may be inserted through bores drilled into the vertebral segment. The bores are preferably drilled prior to the cutting. As a result of fixing the cut portion at a distance from the main portion, there will be a gap between the main portion and the two pedicles, thereby enlarging the cross-section of the spinal column.

Abstract: An osteosynthetic holding system is provided which comprises bone anchoring elements, each of which has a clamping element as well as two receptacles arranged thereon for receiving holding bars. The receptacles have blocking elements arranged thereon which define accesses to the receptacles. Two holding bars are provided which are insertable into the receptacles of each bone anchoring element. The clamping element can be tightened to clamp the two holding bars against the receptacles, thereby fixing the position of each bone anchoring element with respect to the other. The blocking elements, together with the clamping element in a tightened state, constrict the accesses to said receptacles in a direction transverse to a longitudinal direction of the holding bars such that the holding bars no longer fit through the accesses.