Abstract: Cyclodextrin compound therapeutics to reduce age-related non-bisretinoid lipofuscin in a patient having a buildup of same, said method comprising administering 2-hydroxypropyl-?-cyclodextrin, or its derivatives, or ?-cyclodextrin or its derivatives, or ?-cyclodextrin or its derivatives, or ?-cyclodextrin or its derivatives in an amount effective to reduce non-bisretinoid lipofuscin levels. The methods include treating and/or preventing aging of the skin, muscle and other tissues and organs, which may result in increased life-span or health-span.

Abstract: A two part, integrated melt overflow pouring apparatus including a hearth which contains molten material, and a spout which is stationary with respect to, and transfers the liquid to, a rotating, heat extracting substrate such as a drum. A hinging body such as a cylinder connects the hearth and the spout and allows the hearth to rotate with respect to the spout. A channel is formed in the cylinder and an equal width channel is formed in the spout. The floor of the channel in the hinging body is at a 45.degree. angle with horizontal initially and rotates when the hinging body rotates. The hearth is rotated about the axis of the hinging body, the molten material flows out of the hearth through the channel in the hinging body, through the channel in the spout and solidifies against the drum.

Abstract: A novel process for rapid solidification of ceramic melts combines certain features of cooling by atomization and by contact with chilling surfaces. The material to be solidified is divided into fine liquid droplets that are propelled by a rapid flow of gas toward a rapidly moving chill surface, striking the surface with sufficient velocity to flatten each drop into a flat flake like shape. Apparatus for the process is also disclosed. The process is particularly applicable to making very fine grained, or even amorphous, ceramic materials that can be powdered and then sintered into strong, tough ceramic structures.

Abstract: The flow control of molten material in a tundish is improved by the design of a perpendicular turn in the path of flow of the molten material as the flow leaves an intermediate section of the tundish or casting receptacle and overflows transversely an exit lip to thereby contact a heat-extracting substrate. The perpendicular turn in the flow achieves improved control of the molten material's velocity profile, cooling rate, and depth and flow uniformity of the molten material in the casting receptacle. The essentially perpendicular turn in the path of the molten material from the intermediate section causes the molten material to approach the exit lip in a transverse direction unlike conventional laminar or direct delivery molten flow. The transverse flow relative to the direction of the exit overflow toward the casting or cooling surface facilitates improved mixing of the molten material, improved control of the depth gradient, and improved control of the velocity into the exit lip.

Abstract: The flow control of molten alloy material in a tundish is improved by the design of a perpendicular turn in the path of flow of the molten alloy material as the flow leaves an intermediate section of the tundish or casting receptacle and overflows transversely an exit lip to thereby contact a heat-extracting substrate. The perpendicular turn in the flow achieves improved control of the molten alloy material's velocity profile, cooling rate, and depth and flow uniformity of the molten alloy material in the casting receptacle. The essentially perpendicular turn in the path of the molten alloy material from the intermediate section causes the molten alloy material to approach the exit lip in a transverse direction unlike conventional laminar or direct delivery molten flow.

Abstract: A novel process for rapid solidification of ceramic melts combines certain features of cooling by atomization and by contact with chilling surfaces. The material to be solidified is divided into fine liquid dropletes that are propelled by a rapid flow of gas toward a rapidly moving chill surface, striking the surface with sufficient velocity to flatten each drop into a flat flake like shape. Apparatus for the process is also disclosed. The process is particularly applicable to making very fine grained, or even amorphous, ceramic materials that can be powdered and then sintered into strong, tough ceramic structures.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for producing filament, fiber, ribbon or film from a molten material, comprising a preferably heat extracting crucible which contains a pool of molten material at a selected horizontal level in the pool. The crucible has an opening extending from above the free surface level to a bottom edge of the opening, the bottom edge being sufficiently below the free surface level so that the molten material cannot form and hold a meniscus by surface tension between the edge and the level of the free surface and further comprises a heat extracting substrate laterally disposed with respect to the crucible and which rotates about an axis of rotation. The substrate is positioned adjacent the edge of the opening which confines the molten material and prevents it from overflowing downwardly out of the crucible.

Abstract: An improved heat extracting chill block roll and method for use in the continuous casting of ribbon-like metal sheet directly from the melt by means of rapid solidification techniques. The resulting product is considerably thicker and more uniform than previously possible by such techniques. A textured chill surface is formed on the roll by multi-sided protrusions having intermediate valleys between the protrusions. This provides a plurality of discontinuous surfaces on the sides of the protrusions. The preferred surface texture is that formed by a conventional knurling tool.