Abstract: A system may include a gas mixing apparatus configured to generate a gas mixture and fill a gas reservoir with the gas mixture; a constant volume combustion chamber configured to receive the gas mixture from the gas mixing apparatus; and perform a combustion test on a test sample using the received gas mixture; and a controller. The controller may be configured to select a target oxygen concentration for the gas mixture; measure an oxygen concentration in a inlet air gas source received by the gas mixing apparatus; control a nitrogen gas flow and an inlet air gas flow from the inlet air gas source to fill the gas reservoir with the gas mixture having the selected target oxygen concentration; and output the gas mixture from the filled gas reservoir for use in the combustion test.

Abstract: A device may include a memory storing instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain a motor octane number for a sample; perform a combustion test for the sample in a constant volume combustion chamber; and record, at time points during the combustion test, pressure values associated with the sample. The processor may be further configured to calculate values for one or more pressure parameters for the sample based on the pressure values; generate a motor octane number function for the constant volume combustion chamber based on the determined motor octane number and the calculated values for the one or more pressure parameters; and use the generated motor octane number function to determine motor octane numbers for samples using the constant volume combustion chamber.

Abstract: A device may include a memory storing instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain a research octane number for a sample; perform a combustion test for the sample in a constant volume combustion chamber; and record, at time points during the combustion test, pressure values. The processor may be further configured to calculate values for one or more pressure parameters for the sample based on the pressure values; generate a research octane number function for the constant volume combustion chamber based on the determined research octane number and the calculated values for the one or more pressure parameters; and use the generated research octane number function to determine research octane numbers for samples using the constant volume combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method for the production of blow-molded containers that are sterile at least in certain regions, and a blow-molding machine configured to carry out the method. In accordance with the method, blowing stations are arranged on a rotating blowing wheel. A preform of a thermoplastic material is first heated and then stretched in a blowing station by a stretching rod and subjected to a pressurized blowing fluid via a blowing nozzle. A sterilizing fluid is supplied to the preform in the blowing station to perform a sterilization. The sterilizing fluid is fed into the preform from an outlet and is carried away again via an inlet and in between follows a flow path. The sterilizing fluid is made to pass through or pass by the stretching rod on its flow path, and the sterilizing fluid is supplied while the blow-molding machine continues to operate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing containers (14) from preforms (12) made of thermoplastic material by means of a blow molding machine (10) comprising at least one temperature control device (26) and one forming device having at least two forming stations (16), wherein the preforms (12) are temperature controlled by means of the temperature control device (26) on the basis of specifiable first control parameters, and wherein one temperature-controlled preform (12) is formed by means of one of the forming stations (16), respectively, on the basis of specifiable second control parameters into a container (14), wherein at least one of the second control parameters is individually specified for each of the forming stations (16). The invention furthermore relates to a blow molding machine (10), designed for executing the method according to the invention, for producing containers (14) from preforms (12) made of thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing blow-molded containers which are sterile at least in some areas. A preform made of a thermoplastic material is first heated in a heating device on a transport path through a blow-molding machine and then supplied with a pressurized fluid in a blow-molding station of the device. The preform is guided along a channel, which conducts a sterile gas, at least over one sub-section of the transport path of the preform. The transport path of the preform out of the channel is supplied with the sterile gas in order to produce a sterile gas corridor in which at least the opening region of the preform is guided. Multiple radiation sources are arranged along the channel and one behind the other in the transport direction. The radiation sources emit a sterilizing radiation onto the preform and/or onto the channel, and/or onto the sterile gas corridor.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing blow-molded containers, which are sterile at least in some areas, in a blow-molding machine. A preform made of a thermoplastic material is first heated, then stretched by a stretching rod in a blowing station, and then supplied with a pressurized fluid via a blow nozzle, wherein a sterilization device is arranged in the blowing station. The sterilization device has at least one radiation source which emits a sterilizing radiation onto the stretching rod and/or onto the blow nozzle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing containers (14) from preforms (12) made of thermoplastic material by means of a blow molding machine (10) comprising at least one temperature control device (26) and one forming device having at least two forming stations (16), wherein the preforms (12) are temperature controlled by means of the temperature control device (26) on the basis of specifiable first control parameters, and wherein one temperature-controlled preform (12) is formed by means of one of the forming stations (16), respectively, on the basis of specifiable second control parameters into a container (14), wherein at least one of the second control parameters is individually specified for each of the forming stations (16). The invention furthermore relates to a blow molding machine (10), designed for executing the method according to the invention, for producing containers (14) from preforms (12) made of thermoplastic material.

Abstract: An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

Abstract: A method for dividing panel-shaped workpieces, which comprise wood or a wood substitute substance as a material, into in each case a plurality of smaller workpieces. A panel-shaped workpiece that is to be divided is initially divided by saw cuts into a plurality of rectangular strip-shaped workpieces with a first pair of opposing narrow sides and a second pair of opposing narrow sides, the first narrow sides being longer than the second narrow sides. In a further method step, the strip-shaped workpieces are divided by a plurality of milling tools simultaneously with cuts parallel to the second narrow sides into the smaller workpieces.

Abstract: An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

Abstract: An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

Abstract: A system for using a smartpen as a tool for automatically assessing student learning that is simple and accurate. The system has a computer with at least one processor, a memory, a storage, and communications through a protocol, one or more than one smartpen in communication with the computer and a plurality of software modules having non-transitory instructions executable on the processor for at least a characterization module, for characterizing spatial and temporal organization of a student's work, and a machine learning module utilizing the spatial and temporal organization to assess student learning.

Abstract: A method for mounting laminated sheets onto a shaft of a rotor provided for an electrical machine may involve sliding the laminated sheets onto the shaft and bracing the laminated sheets between two rotation-resistant thrust washers connected with the shaft. The laminated sheets may be slid onto the shaft to lie against a stop in the form of a first thrust washer arranged upon a first subsection of the shaft. A second thrust washer may be pressed in by axially bracing the laminated sheets onto a second axial subsection of the shaft in a frictional interlocking manner. The second thrust washer may be positioned after a surface of the second subsection has been enlarged by the introduction of an exterior surface profile.

Abstract: A machine for producing and filling containers, having: a heating device for thermal conditioning thermoplastic parisons; a blow-molding device for deforming the thermally conditioned parisons into containers by blow-molding or stretch blow-molding; a device for filling the containers with a product; and a transfer device for conveying the containers from the blow-molding device to the filling device. A nozzle arrangement is arranged in the region of the transfer device for impinging a cooling liquid on the containers. The nozzle arrangement has a gas nozzle connected by a gas line to a gas source. The nozzle arrangement has a liquid nozzle connected by a liquid line to a liquid source. The gas nozzle and the liquid nozzle are arranged and oriented relative to one another such that a liquid jet from the liquid nozzle strikes a gas jet from the gas nozzle in an intersection region.

Abstract: An open cup flash point detector is shown that rapidly increases the temperature of the substance being tested until temperature is close to a theoretical flash point. Thereafter, as temperature is slowly increased, an igniter flame moves in an arc over the upper lip of the test cup while simultaneously a UV sensor senses a wedge-shaped area, also immediately over the upper lip of the test cup. The arc of the igniter flame and the wedge-shaped area do not overlap. By incremental increases in temperature and repeating the arc movement of the igniter flame, the flash point can be detected by the UV sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for sterilizing parisons made of a thermoplastic material that are intended for producing blow-molded containers. During the sterilizing process a sterilizing agent is introduced into an interior of the parison by an applicator. At least one gas is supplied to the applicator via at least one supply element, at least sections of which are arranged in a horizontal direction next to a transport path of the applicator. The supply element comprises at least one outlet opening facing towards the applicator. At least one pressure-applying element is arranged between the applicator and the supply element and is resiliently clamped between the applicator and the supply element.

Abstract: A method for the production of blow-molded containers that are sterile at least in certain regions, and a blow-molding machine configured to carry out the method. In accordance with the method, blowing stations are arranged on a rotating blowing wheel. A preform of a thermoplastic material is first heated and then stretched in a blowing station by a stretching rod and subjected to a pressurized blowing fluid via a blowing nozzle. A sterilizing fluid is supplied to the preform in the blowing station to perform a sterilization. The sterilizing fluid is fed into the preform from an outlet and is carried away again via an inlet and in between follows a flow path. The sterilizing fluid is made to pass through or pass by the stretching rod on its flow path, and the sterilizing fluid is supplied while the blow-molding machine continues to operate.

Abstract: A method for mounting laminated sheets onto a shaft of a rotor provided for an electrical machine may involve sliding the laminated sheets onto the shaft and bracing the laminated sheets between two rotation-resistant thrust washers connected with the shaft. The laminated sheets may be slid onto the shaft to lie against a stop in the form of a first thrust washer arranged upon a first subsection of the shaft. A second thrust washer may be pressed in by axially bracing the laminated sheets onto a second axial subsection of the shaft in a frictional interlocking manner. The second thrust washer may be positioned after a surface of the second subsection has been enlarged by the introduction of an exterior surface profile.

Abstract: A machine for producing and filling containers, having: a heating device for thermal conditioning thermoplastic parisons; a blow-molding device for deforming the thermally conditioned parisons into containers by blow-molding or stretch blow-molding; a device for filling the containers with a product; and a transfer device for conveying the containers from the blow-molding device to the filling device. A nozzle arrangement is arranged in the region of the transfer device for impinging a cooling liquid on the containers. The nozzle arrangement has a gas nozzle connected by a gas line to a gas source. The nozzle arrangement has a liquid nozzle connected by a liquid line to a liquid source. The gas nozzle and the liquid nozzle are arranged and oriented relative to one another such that a liquid jet from the liquid nozzle strikes a gas jet from the gas nozzle in an intersection region.