Abstract: A micro-channel membrane for use with high-temperature molten salts used with high-temperature reference electrodes (HTREs). The micro-channel membrane includes a ring having an opening with an opening surface and a plug positioned within the opening with a plug surface. The opening surface and the plug surface contact and interface with each other to form a plurality of micro-channels. The opening surface and the plug surface may be tapered. The opening surface and/or the plug surface may have a surface configuration to facilitate formation of the micro-channels, such as a plurality of facets, a helical channel, a roughened surface, a channel pattern, or a knurled surface pattern. One or more tack welds may secure the plug within the ring. A method for making the micro-channel membrane may include measuring a leak rate through the micro-channels and securing the plug when a target leak rate is measured.

Abstract: A high-temperature reference electrode (HTRE) for measuring electrochemical characteristics of a molten salt test composition, includes a metal housing tube which defines an inner lumen, a thermocouple reference wire disposed within the metal housing tube inner lumen and spaced apart from the inner surface, a molten reference salt disposed in the metal housing tube in contact with the thermocouple reference wire, and a porous membrane disposed at a bottom end of the metal housing tube. The thermocouple includes a reference metal. The molten reference salt includes a salt corresponding to the molten salt test composition and a salt of the reference metal. A venturi flow tip or end cap for a HTRE may be used with flowing high-temperature molten salts. An engineered salt bridge may be used to fabricate a HTRE using a commercial off-the-shelf low-temperature reference electrode.

Abstract: A fabrication process for coils to be used in high-temperature operations, such as coil for use in electromagnets for thrusters. The fabrication process includes preparing a slurry of castable inorganic composite potting materials in water. A wire, such as a copper wire is coated with the slurry using a coating device. The wet coated wire can then be wound on a filament winding device, in near real-time, to obtain a wet coil. The wet coil can be kept for setting and drying, and thereafter the dried coil can be cured under high temperature and/or pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having a material treatment module associated with a needle. The material treatment module may be an ozone generator that is initiated such that material containing ozone accumulates within the needle. The material can then be delivered from the barrel into a target site via the needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having a material treatment module associated with a needle. The material treatment module may be an ozone generator that is initiated such that material containing ozone accumulates within the needle. The material can then be delivered from the barrel into a target site via the needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.

Abstract: A method for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the method includes providing a handheld dispensing apparatus comprising a housing defining a chamber, a material treatment module in material communication with the chamber, an outlet in material communication with the chamber, and a needle in material communication with the outlet for releasing the material from the housing. The method includes collecting a precursor material in the chamber, activating the material treatment module, treating the precursor material collected in the chamber with the material treatment module to create a treated material, positioning the needle in a body, and dispensing the treated material out of the apparatus into the body.

Abstract: An apparatus for administering a therapeutic is provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus includes a syringe having a barrel and a plunger and having a material treatment module associated therewith. The material treatment module may be an ozone generator that is initiated such that material containing ozone accumulates within the barrel. The material can then be delivered from the barrel into a target site via a needle, thereby delivering therapeutic effects to that target site.