Abstract: A dispenser includes a dispenser container and a valve assembly including a valve connected to the dispenser container. The dispenser container is at least partially filled with activated carbon and/or another adsorbent and a dispensing carrier gas. An ingredient is contained in an ingredient containing reservoir. The valve assembly further includes an upper end of which is in operative communication with an actuator spray nozzle, and a lower end connected to the ingredient containing reservoir, and a means to prevent the activated carbon and/or another adsorbent from passing into the valve assembly when the pressurised dispensing carrier gas is released. On actuation, the dispensing carrier gas is released together with the ingredient, and the ingredient and dispensing carrier gas mix before exiting the dispenser.

Abstract: A dispenser and a method of delivering an ingredient from a dispenser are disclosed. The dispenser includes a dispenser container and a valve assembly comprising a valve connected to the dispenser container. The dispenser container is partly filled with activated carbon or another adsorbent and a dispensing carrier gas. An ingredient is contained in an ingredient containing reservoir. The valve assembly includes a component comprising a tube, an upper end of which is in operative communication with an actuator spray nozzle, and a lower end of which divides into first and second fitments which receive respectively first and second tubes. The first tube is connected to the ingredient containing reservoir. The second tube includes a frit or filter to prevent the activated carbon passing into the second tube when the pressurized dispensing carrier gas is released.

Abstract: A dispenser and a method of delivering an ingredient from a dispenser are disclosed. The dispenser includes a valve assembly including a mounting cup, one or more gaskets, a valve seat, a spring, a housing, and a dip tube. The dispenser container is partly filled with activated carbon, or another adsorbent, and the carrier gas is at a pressure of at least 4 barg, so as to generate a high velocity gas stream, and an ingredient for dispensing is contained in an ingredient containing reservoir. The ingredient containing reservoir is operatively connected to the dispenser container and the dip tube via a first tube and a second tube.

Abstract: Tools and techniques are described herein for personalizing handheld electronic book readers. The tools provide methods that include receiving an indication of a customer transaction involving an electronic book reader device. The methods may also receive an identifier associated with the customer, obtain personalization information associated with the identifier, and load the personalization information into the electronic book reader device. The tools also provide methods that include receiving a command that is input to the electronic book reader device, where the device has been personalized for the particular customer; and responding to the command using the personalization information. A server includes a processor and a computer-readable storage medium that includes a device personalization component for personalizing the electronic book reader device.

Abstract: Dynamically populatable electronic items are items that can be at least partially populated after creation. Dynamically populatable electronic items may include some static information (e.g., text, images, audio, video, etc.) and one or more dynamic fields, which are configured to be dynamically populated from a source separate from the electronic item. Thus, the content of the dynamic electronic item can change over time as the dynamic fields are populated and/or repopulated.

Abstract: An item-providing system supplies items to a user device for consumption at the user device via communication infrastructure. The device may correspond to a book reader device or other type of device. In one illustrative case, the item-providing system and the user device include functionality for providing upgrade-related items to the user device in a transparent manner. The item-providing system and the user device also include testing functionality.

Abstract: An electronic service provides a sample of a media item to a user, along with a prompt. The prompt gives the user the opportunity to receive an additional part of the item substantially without further interaction with the user. The streamlined acquisition of the additional part of the media item is enabled by the user's establishment, in advance, of user identification information, payment information, and so on.

Abstract: A digital work may be annotated using an eBook reader device. Upon receiving an annotation relating to a specific portion of the digital work, an invariant location reference identifier corresponding to the specified portion of the digital work may be appended to the annotation. The annotation may then be stored in association with the digital work for later reference. In some instances, an annotation may be presented on an eBook reader device upon receipt of a valid authorization credential granting access to the annotation.

Abstract: An item-providing system supplies items to a user device for consumption at the user device via communication infrastructure. The device may correspond to a book reader device or other type of device. The item-providing system uses a content delivery module to deliver the items to the user device.

Abstract: A method of presenting a digital work includes displaying a portion of the digital work on a display screen under a set of display conditions, and providing one or more invariant location reference identifiers corresponding to the portion of the digital work on the display screen. The invariant location reference identifiers are separate from the digital work, and each invariant location reference identifier is provided along with the corresponding portion of the digital work, regardless of the display conditions under which the portion of the digital work is displayed.

Abstract: An electronic service provides a sample of a media item to a user, along with a prompt. The prompt gives the user the opportunity to receive an additional part of the item substantially without further interaction with the user. The streamlined acquisition of the additional part of the media item is enabled by the user's establishment, in advance, of user identification information, payment information, and so on.

Abstract: A system and method for processing performance metrics of wireless devices are described. Usage data of wireless devices is obtained and processed. Based on the processed usage data, a data model associating a set of defined wireless device user activities to wireless performance metrics is created. Data obtained from the wireless devices is compared to the data model created. Based on the comparison, the data model is then maintained or updated, and a result based on the comparison is generated and transmitted.

Abstract: An item-providing system supplies items to a user device for consumption at the user device via communication infrastructure. The device may correspond to a book reader device or other type of device. In one illustrative case, the item-providing system may send a notification message to the user device to notify the user device to wake up and perform one or more actions. The item-providing system may provide scheduling functionality for determining the timing at which to send the notification message.

Abstract: Tools and techniques for creating presentations via dynamic digital content (DDC) tools using a display dependent markup language interface facilitating dynamic content are described. The markup language, “DXyml”, identifies content elements, including dynamic content elements, for display and specifies pixel locations at which to position the content elements on a client device. Pixel locations are selected for particular screen configurations, allowing the presentations to be created in advance of being served to specific types of devices with the particular screen configurations.

Abstract: A digital media item, such as an electronic book (eBook), may include testing content. The testing content may include questions about the content of the digital media item. When is user is viewing the digital media item on an electronic device, such as an eBook reader, the user may be allowed to select whether the testing content is displayed. The user may also be allowed to select a particular mode of testing, such as automatic testing, selective testing, etc. If the user chooses to display the testing content, the user may also be allowed to provide answers to the testing questions.

Abstract: A system and method for processing performance metrics of wireless devices are described. Usage data of wireless devices is obtained and processed. Based on the processed usage data, a data model associating a set of defined wireless device user activities to wireless performance metrics is created. Data obtained from the wireless devices is compared to the data model created. Based on the comparison, the data model is then maintained or updated, and a result based on the comparison is generated and transmitted.

Abstract: An item-providing system supplies items to a user device for consumption at the user device via communication infrastructure. The device may correspond to a book reader device or other type of device. The item-providing system uses a content delivery module to deliver the items to the user device.

Abstract: Searching electronic items stored in memory may include receiving search query terms, compiling a list of electronic items containing at least one instance of each query term, and sorting the list of electronic items based on one or more criteria. From the sorted list, search results may be determined and displayed.

Abstract: Electronic items may be searched using search indices. Search indices may be generated for electronic items at a user device. In that case, a list of one or more electronic items stored in memory of the user device may be displayed, and a status of index generation for the electronic items stored in memory of the device may be presented.

Abstract: A system and method for processing performance metrics of wireless devices are described. Usage data of wireless devices is obtained and processed. Based on the processed usage data, a data model associating a set of defined wireless device user activities to wireless performance metrics is created. Data obtained from the wireless devices is compared to the data model created. Based on the comparison, the data model is then maintained or updated, and a result based on the comparison is generated and transmitted.