Abstract: A system and method determines degradation loss on solar panels of a photovoltaic (PV) power plant by obtaining a first set of information that includes location of a set of the solar panels, real-time weather associated with the set of solar panels, and configuration of the solar panels of that set. The system and method also obtains a second set of information that includes real-time-operating parameters associated with the PV power plant based upon the first set of information. The first and second set of information are fed to a machine-learning (ML) model to determine a degradation loss associated with each solar panel of the set based upon an output of the ML model and, when appropriate, the system and method issues an alert based upon the determined degradation loss.

Abstract: A system and method determines soiling loss on solar panels of photovoltaic (PV) power plant by obtaining a first set of information that includes location of a set of the solar panels and configuration of the solar panels of that set. The system and method also obtains a second set of information that includes real-time operating parameters associated with the PV power plant based upon the first set of information. The first and second sets of information are fed to a machine-learning (ML) model to determine a soiling loss associated with the set of solar panels based upon an output of the ML model and, when appropriate, the system and method issues an alert based upon the determined soiling loss.

Abstract: A system and a method for neural network-based optimization of coagulant dosing in a desalination plant receives operational data associated with the desalination plant to produce a filtered liquid stream from a first liquid stream. The operational data includes a first set of parameters associated with the first liquid stream. The system and method may determine a second set of parameters based on pre-processing of the first set of parameters. The system and method may also determine a third set of parameters based on the first set of parameters and the second set of parameters. The system and method may also provide the third set of parameters as input to a Neural Network (NN) model and estimate a Silt Density Index (SDI) of the first liquid stream. The system and method may modify a coagulant dosing rate in the first liquid stream based on the estimated SDI data.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for recovering minerals uses a metal-organic-framework (MOF)-based Nanofiltration (NF) membrane, and there is also a method for fabricating an NF membrane. The fabricating method includes preparing a first layer as a coating solution that includes chitosan, an acid solution, metal oxide nanoparticles, and an MOF. A second step involves both pre-treating a second layer by immersing it into a base solution to activate a substrate surface of the second layer, and fabricating the NF membrane by coating the second layer with the coating solution to form the first layer on the second layer. The first layer has a positive-surface charge selectively to repel one or more minerals from a liquid stream for recovery.

Abstract: A system and method for predictive analysis of Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants receives first data associated with a SWRO plant, including a first set of parameters associated with seawater, a second set of parameters associated with a permeate, and a third set of parameters associated with a brine. The system determines a fourth set of parameters by applying normalization techniques to the received first data. The system determines, based upon the fourth set of parameters, a set of membrane performance parameters associated with the SWRO plant, or a set of diagnostic indicators associated with at least one of the SWRO plant and the seawater. The system outputs the determined set of membrane performance parameters or the set of diagnostic indicators.

Abstract: A system and a method for remineralization of purified water retrieves liquid stream data associated with a first liquid stream that includes a set of chemical compounds and a set of parameters. The system controls a concentration of at least a first chemical compound of the set of chemical compounds by adding at least the first chemical compound to the first liquid stream. The system compares at least a first parameter of the set of parameters with a corresponding reference parameter of a set of reference parameters based on the addition of the first chemical compound. The system also controls the output of the first liquid stream based on the comparison.

Abstract: A system and method retrieves liquid stream data associated with a first liquid stream that includes a set of chemical compounds. and a set of parameters. The system also retrieves reference data that is associated with a reference liquid stream, and includes a set of reference parameters. The system compares at least a first parameter of the set of liquid-stream parameters with a corresponding reference parameter of the set of reference parameters. The system also controls an output of the first liquid stream based on the comparison of parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for seawater reverse osmosis controls mixing units to perform a first stage treatment of a liquid stream by adding a first set of chemical compounds to obtain a first liquid stream. The apparatus controls an ultrafiltration unit to perform a first stage purification by removing a first set of impurities to obtain a second liquid stream. The apparatus also controls a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane unit to remove a second set of chemical compounds by passing the second liquid stream through the RO membrane. The RO membrane outputs at least one of an RO brine stream and an RO permeate stream. The apparatus also controls an ion exchange unit to remove a third set of chemical compounds from the RO permeate stream to obtain a filtered liquid stream, and the apparatus stores the filtered liquid stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for mineral oil production, in which an aqueous saline surfactant formulation comprising a surfactant mixture of at least one anionic surfactant of the general formula R1—O—(CH2C(CH3)HO)x—(CH2CH2O)y—SO3M and at least one anionic surfactant of the general formula R2—O—(CH2CH2O)z—SO3M and a base is injected through injection boreholes into a mineral oil deposit, and crude oil is withdrawn from the deposit through production boreholes. The invention further relates to the surfactant mixture, a concentrate comprising the surfactant mixture and a manufacturing process as well as the use of the surfactant mixture and the con- centrate in the production of mineral oil from underground mineral oil deposits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid cleaning composition can be a cleaning composition for removing an acrylic-based polymeric material useful as enteric tablet coatings located on a surface of a vessel or other process equipment comprising: —diethylen glycol mono butylether; and —water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for mineral oil production, in which an aqueous saline surfactant formulation comprising a surfactant mixture of at least one anionic surfactant of the general formula R1—O—(CH2C(CH3)HO)x, —(CH2CH2O)y—SO3M and at least one amionic surfactant of the general formula R2—O—(CH2CH2O)2—SO3M and a base is injected through injection boreholes into a mineral oil deposit, and crude oil is withdrawn from the deposit through production boreholes. The invention further relates to the surfactant mixture, a concentrate comprising the surfactant mixture and a manufacturing process as well as the use of the surfactant mixture and the con- centrate in the production of mineral oil from underground mineral oil deposits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid cleaning composition can be a cleaning composition for removing an acrylic-based polymeric material useful as enteric tablet coatings located on a surface of a vessel or other process equipment comprising: —diethylen glycol mono butylether; and —water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing polycrystalline silicon rods by deposition of silicon on at least one thin rod in a reactor, wherein, before the silicon deposition, hydrogen halide at a temperature of 400-1000° C. is introduced into the reactor containing at least one thin rod and is irradiated by means of UV light, as a result of which halogen and hydrogen radicals arise and the volatile halides that form are removed from the reactor.

Abstract: In the batch production of high purity polycrystalline silicon, in which a U-shaped silicon carrier body is fastened in an open deposition reactor, the deposition reactor is hermetically sealed, the U-shaped carrier body is heated electrical current, a silicon-containing reaction gas and hydrogen are introduced into the reactor through a supply line so that silicon from the reaction gas is deposited on the carrier body, the diameter of the carrier body increases and a waste gas formed is removed from the deposition reactor through a discharge line, and, after a desired diameter of the polysilicon rod is reached, deposition is terminated, the carrier body is cooled to room temperature, the reactor is opened, the carrier body is removed from the reactor and a second U-shaped silicon carrier body made of silicon is fastened in the deposition reactor, an inert gas is fed through the supply and discharge lines into the open reactor from at least the time when the reactor is opened to extract the first carrier body

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the correlation between the metabolite profiles (MPs) and the expression or potential for expression of a trait of a group of plants, and further to a method for determining or predicting the expression of a trait of a plant by taking advantage of the determined MP of said plant and a determined correlation between the MPs and the expression or potential for the expression of said trait in a group of plants. Particularly, the present invention relates to a method for determining or predicting the biomass production/growth rate of a plant by taking advantage of the determined MP of said plant and a determined correlation between the MPs and the biomass production/growth rate or the potential for biomass production/growth rate of a group of plants.

Abstract: A machine tool for cutting machining of work pieces has a tool spindle and a work piece spindle. The work piece spindle is a hollow spindle having a through hole extending through the spindle and a holding mechanism for holding a work piece at one end. The work piece held in the holding mechanism can be machined through the through hole by means of a machining tool held in the tool spindle.

Abstract: In the batch production of high purity polycrystalline silicon, in which a U-shaped silicon carrier body is fastened in an open deposition reactor, the deposition reactor is hermetically sealed, the U-shaped carrier body is heated electrical current, a silicon-containing reaction gas and hydrogen are introduced into the reactor through a supply line so that silicon from the reaction gas is deposited on the carrier body, the diameter of the carrier body increases and a waste gas formed is removed from the deposition reactor through a discharge line, and, after a desired diameter of the polysilicon rod is reached, deposition is terminated, the carrier body is cooled to room temperature, the reactor is opened, the carrier body is removed from the reactor and a second U-shaped silicon carrier body made of silicon is fastened in the deposition reactor, an inert gas is fed through the supply and discharge lines into the open reactor from at least the time when the reactor is opened to extract the first carrier body

Abstract: A machine tool for cutting machining of work pieces has a tool spindle and a work piece spindle. The work piece spindle is a hollow spindle having a through hole extending through the spindle and a holding mechanism for holding a work piece at one end. The work piece held in the holding mechanism can be machined through the through hole by means of a machining tool held in the tool spindle.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer with a front surface and a back surface and an epitaxial layer of semiconducting material deposited on the front surface. In the semiconductor wafer, the epitaxial layer has a maximum local flatness value SFQRmax of less than or equal to 0.13 ?m and a maximum density of 0.14 scattered light centers per cm2. The front surface of the semiconductor wafer, prior to the deposition of the epitaxial layer, has a surface roughness of 0.05 to 0.29 nm RMS, measured by AFM on a 1 ?m×1 ?m reference area. Furthermore, there is a process for producing the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A silicon semiconductor wafer with a diameter of greater than or equal to 200 mm and a polished front surface and a polished back surface and a maximum local flatness value SFQRmax of less than or equal to 0.13 ?m, based on a surface grid of segments with a size of 26 mm×8 mm on the front surface, wherein the maximum local height deviation P/V(10×10)max of the front surface from an ideal plane is less than or equal to 70 nm, based on sliding subregions with dimensions of 10 mm×10 mm.