Abstract: A camera system, particularly for minimally-invasive surgery, comprising an optics, wherein the optics is connected to at least one transparent film and the film is removable. Further, there is provided a method for cleaning a camera in minimally-invasive surgery wherein an optics of the camera is cleaned intracorporally by use of a cleaning device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid jet scalpel comprising a nozzle (12) for discharge of pressurized liquid (14) in the direction of tissue (16) that is to be manipulated, and a distance measuring device (18) for measuring the distance between the nozzle (12) and the tissue (16) that is to be manipulated. The invention further relates to a method for operating a liquid jet scalpel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for establishing communication relations (stream1, stream2, stream3) via a communication medium, at least one communication relation (stream1, stream2) being established via said communication medium. According to the invention, information on queries for establishing one respective communication relation (stream1, stream2, stream3) is recorded, and, depending on the recorded information, at least one of the already established communication relations (stream1, stream2) is terminated or maintained. The information recorded can be e.g. the query times (ti), the interval lapsed between two queries being used to infer the type of communication relation (stream1, stream2, stream3). According to the invention it is for example possible for short intervals to infer queries for IP-TV data streams and previously established communication relations (stream1, stream2) are directly terminated in order to save band width.

Abstract: A camera system, particularly for minimally-invasive surgery, comprising an optics, wherein the optics is connected to at least one transparent film and the film is removable. Further, there is provided a method for cleaning a camera in minimally-invasive surgery wherein an optics of the camera is cleaned intra-corporally by use of a cleaning device.

Abstract: A method of facilitating activation of a general-purpose reloadable (GPR) card includes reading an activation storage medium from a GPR card using a point-of-sale (POS) terminal, wherein the GPR card is linked to a GPR account stored on a database. The method further includes collecting identification information from a card applicant and forwarding the collected identification information to a financial processing network, submitting an initial monetary amount to be loaded to the GPR account to the financial processing network, and communicating initial activation of the GPR account to the card applicant at the POS terminal after receiving activation approval from the financial processing network. The initial activation of the GPR account is a first phase of activation in a multiple phase activation characterized by the GPR account being available for use toward a price of purchases and unavailable for loading an additional monetary amount to the GPR account.

Abstract: A method and a device for data processing in a communication network. The method includes the following steps: (i) at least one filter applicable for a first type of connection is provided in front of at least one filter that is applicable for a second type of connection; and (ii) the order of the at least on filter applicable for the first type of connection and the at least one filter applicable for the second type of connection is inverted in case that the number of filters required for the second type of connection increases.

Abstract: A method for selectively applying a liquid jet onto and/or into human or animal skin is provided. The method includes the steps of detecting and storing a position, orientation and shape of a skin patch to be processed and moving a liquid nozzle over the skin patch. The liquid nozzle is guided by a robot arm within boundaries of the skin patch and the liquid jet is applied in a pulsed manner into and/or onto the skin. At each spot of the skin patch to be processed at each point of time in processing only one liquid jet pulse each is applied and the next pulse is applied to another spot of the skin patch to be processed to prevent accumulation of liquid in the skin to thus attain penetration of the liquid jet.

Abstract: A method of facilitating activation of a general-purpose reloadable (GPR) card includes reading an activation storage medium from a GPR card using a point-of-sale (POS) terminal, wherein the GPR card is linked to a GPR account stored on a database. The method further includes collecting identification information from a card applicant and forwarding the collected identification information to a financial processing network, submitting an initial monetary amount to be loaded to the GPR account to the financial processing network, and communicating initial activation of the GPR account to the card applicant at the POS terminal after receiving activation approval from the financial processing network. The initial activation of the GPR account is a first phase of activation in a multiple phase activation characterized by the GPR account being available for use toward a price of purchases and unavailable for loading an additional monetary amount to the GPR account.

Abstract: A method and a device for data processing in a communication network. The method includes the following steps: (i) at least one filter applicable for a first type of connection is provided in front of at least one filter that is applicable for a second type of connection; and (ii) the order of the at least on filter applicable for the first type of connection and the at least one filter applicable for the second type of connection is inverted in case that the number of filters required for the second type of connection increases.

Abstract: In the inventive configuration of a communication relationship, a data packet includes the respective address information of the communication unit is generated by at least one remote communication device or by at least one communication unit that is assigned to the device and is transmitted to a central communication device via a communication network. The central communication device selects an assigned communication unit and generates a data packet, which includes the respective address information of the selected communication unit, the data packet being transmitted to the remote communication device. The communication relationship between the addressed communication units is configured with the aid of the transmitted or exchanged address information via the communications network. The inventive method can be advantageously used during the initialization of a communications network, e.g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for establishing communication relations (stream1, stream2, stream3) via a communication medium, at least one communication relation (stream1, stream2) being established via said communication medium. According to the invention, information on queries for establishing one respective communication relation (stream1, stream2, stream3) is recorded, and, depending on the recorded information, at least one of the already established communication relations (stream1, stream2) is terminated or maintained. The information recorded can be e.g. the query times (ti), the interval lapsed between two queries being used to infer the type of communication relation (stream1, stream2, stream3). According to the invention it is for example possible for short intervals to infer queries for IP-TV data streams and previously established communication relations (stream1, stream2) are directly terminated in order to save band width.

Abstract: A method for distributing a traffic load on several ports of a switch involves reading traffic information from the switch, and passing the read traffic information to a processor. The processor executes an algorithm that initiates a precise examination of criteria of the traffic information. The method includes further determining whether the results of the precise examination are comparable with a predetermined result. In the event of a negative result of this comparison, the information of the reference table is read and edited so that when the edited reference table is implemented the data load is redistributed so that the result of future examinations lies within the frame of the predetermined result. The edited reference table is forwarded to the switch for its actual implementation.

Abstract: In the inventive configuration of a communication relationship, a data packet comprising the respective address information of the communication unit is generated by at least one remote communication device or by at least one communication unit that is assigned to said device and is transmitted to a central communication device via a communication network. Said central communication device selects an assigned communication unit and generates a data packet, which comprises the respective address information of the selected communication unit, said data packet being transmitted to the remote communication device. The communication relationship between the addressed communication units is configured with the aid of the transmitted or exchanged address information via the communications network. The inventive method can be advantageously used during the initialization of a communications network, e.g.

Abstract: According to the invention, in order to transmit information which is specific to a subscriber connection, apart from virtual connections which are specific to a subscriber connection, at least one other virtual connection is established between a central communication unit and at least one decentralised communication unit by means of at least one communication network. Broadcasting information which is sent to the central communication unit is analysed in order to determine whether at least part of the broadcasting information is to be transmitted to a plurality of subscriber connections of the at least one decentralised communication unit. The at least part of the broadcasting information for a plurality of subscriber connections is transmitted by means of the at least one other virtual connection to the at least one decentralised communication unit where it is copied and transmitted to the plurality of subscriber connections.