Abstract: Provided herein are processes and methods for the bio-extraction of trace metals from a metal-oxide containing starting material (e.g., a metallic ore). The processes and methods may utilize metal-oxide reducing bacteria to electrochemically reduce metal oxides in the ores, thereby freeing valuable trace metals. In preferred embodiments, the processes and methods may utilize metal-oxide reducing bacteria from the group Shewanellaceae and/or the group Geobacteraceae.

Abstract: A method for assisting with the navigation of a fleet of vehicles including a main vehicle and a secondary vehicle that is mobile in relation to the main vehicle, the method including receiving relative movement data, acquired by one or more sensors, between the main vehicle and the secondary vehicle, estimating a navigation status of the fleet of vehicles by an invariant Kalman filter using the received data as observations, the navigation status including first variables representing a first rigid transformation linking a location mark associated with the main vehicle to a reference point, and second variables representing a second rigid transformation linking a location mark associated with the main vehicle to a location mark associated with the secondary vehicle, the invariant Kalman filter using, as an internal composition law, a law including a term-by term composition of the first rigid transformation and the second rigid transformation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for assisting with the navigation of a first vehicle (1) that is stationary in relation to a second vehicle (2) which is mobile within a reference frame, said method involving acquiring (112) movement data on the first vehicle (1) by at least one proprioceptive sensor (6), and estimating a navigation status (X 1) of the first vehicle (1) by an invariant Kalman filter using a navigation status (X 2) of the second vehicle (2) as an observation, the navigation status of the first vehicle (1) comprising variables that represent a rigid transformation (T 1) linking a first location mark associated with the first vehicle (1) to the reference frame, and variables that represent a rigid transformation (T 21) linking a location mark associated with the second vehicle (2) to the first location mark, the invariant Kalman filter using, as an internal composition taw, a law comprising a term-by-term composition of the two rigid transformations.

Abstract: A computer receives a request for graphical display source code for a computerized graphical advertisement display. The computer retrieves one or more seed layout descriptions, each seed layout description specifying associated constrained layout characteristics, and generates candidate layout descriptions based on at least the seed layout descriptions, each candidate layout description specifying associated constrained layout characteristics, where one or more of the candidate layout descriptions are generated by the computer altering one or more associated constrained layout characteristics of a seed layout description. The computer generates layout scores, each layout score associated with a candidate layout description. The computer selects a selected layout description from the candidate layout descriptions based on the layout scores.

Abstract: A computer receives a request for graphical display source code for a computerized graphical advertisement display. The computer retrieves one or more seed layout descriptions, each seed layout description specifying associated constrained layout characteristics, and generates candidate layout descriptions based on at least the seed layout descriptions, each candidate layout description specifying associated constrained layout characteristics, where one or more of the candidate layout descriptions are generated by the computer altering one or more associated constrained layout characteristics of a seed layout description. The computer generates layout scores, each layout score associated with a candidate layout description. The computer selects a selected layout description from the candidate layout descriptions based on the layout scores.