Abstract: A sensor for a security system is disclosed to detect intrusions at one or more predetermined locations wherein each location includes a moveable member which must be moved in order to intrude the location. The system includes a fiber network routed in close proximity to one or more locations. The sensor comprises a sensor housing for being disposed at a location to detect a predetermined movement of the moveable member from a secure position to an unsecured position, and means for mounting the sensor housing in a stationary position at the location without a physical connection to the moveable member. The sensor housing includes a fiber inlet and a fiber outlet, and a fiber chamber for receiving a predetermined sensor fiber of the fiber network being routed through the sensor housing.

Abstract: A computerized apparatus and method for detecting unauthorized activity in a protected area in real-time using a fiber optic cable having an optical sensor line, a fiber scanning unit, and a computer. Detecting unauthorized activity is done by scanning the sensor line using the scanning unit to obtain repetitive scan signals representing the state of the sensor line, receiving scan signals at the computer, processing the scan signals to determine an initial baseline representing the normal state of the sensor line, storing the baseline, continuously monitoring the sensor line using the scan signals received in real-time by the computer, comparing the scan signal to the baseline, determining if a fault has occurred based on an predetermined attenuation change in one or more of the scan signals as compared to the baseline, generating a fault signal, and providing a warning of a fault in response to the fault signal.

Abstract: Bleached wood pulp is treated with a sulphite after bleaching and before or during flash drying to reduce the formation of nodules of agglomerated wood pulp fibres in the dried pulp, particularly in short fibre pulp from hard woods such as birch and eucalyptus. The sulphite is preferably added to the bleached pulp in the form of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal sulphite for example a 0.4 to 5 percent by weight solution of sodium sulphite. The process of the invention is particularly suitable for drying pulp which is at an acid pH due to residual acids remaining on the pulp from the bleaching process, for example pulp bleached by treatment with chlorine dioxide.