Abstract: Methods for measuring tissue defects include the use of a suture anchor, a drill guide, a needle driver, and a ruler. Using the drill guide, the surgeon extends the suture attached to an implanted anchor between the first and second ends of the defect. The surgeon then attaches a needle driver to the suture extending from the proximal end of the drill guide. Finally, the surgeon retracts the suture back through the drill guide and measures the distance between the needle driver and the proximal end of the drill guide to determine a length of a graft needed to repair the defect.

Abstract: Methods for measuring tissue defects include the use of a suture anchor, a drill guide, a needle driver, and a ruler. Using the drill guide, the surgeon extends the suture attached to an implanted anchor between the first and second ends of the defect. The surgeon then attaches a needle driver to the suture extending from the proximal end of the drill guide. Finally, the surgeon retracts the suture back through the drill guide and measures the distance between the needle driver and the proximal end of the drill guide to determine a length of a graft needed to repair the defect.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimally visualizing a morphologic region of interest of a bone in an X-ray image of a patient, comprising: —receiving a set of 3D medical images of the bone, —creating a 3D bone model of at least part of the bone comprising said region of interest from said set of 3D images, —determining a criterion representative of a visualization of the extent of said morphologic region of interest, —automatically determining from the 3D bone model optimal relative bone and X-ray orientation so as to optimize said criterion for said patient, —creating at least one virtual X-ray image of the bone from said set of 3D images according to said optimal relative bone and virtual X-ray orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for creating a surgical resection plan for treating a pathological deformity of a bone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for non-invasive reproducible determination of a corrected surface on a 3D bone surface model constructed from 3D medical image of a bone having a deformation consisting in a bump overgrowth at the head-neck junction; wherein said corrected surface comprises: i) a 3D spherical corrected surface patch on the head portion of said 3D bone surface model, and ii) a 3D smooth transition corrected surface patch on the neck portion of said 3D bone surface model, contiguous to said 3D spherical corrected surface patch; Said corrected surface patches are defined by a set of parameters comprising: iii) at least one first parameter (a*) representing a spherical extent value of said 3D spherical corrected surface patch, iv) and a set of at least one second parameter, said set determining the 3D correction boundary of said corrected surface patches, such that said corrected surface patches are continuous with said 3D bone surface model along said boundary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for creating a surgical resection plan for treating a pathological deformity of a bone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimally visualizing a morphologic region of interest of a bone in an X-ray image of a patient, comprising:—receiving a set of 3D medical images of the bone,—creating a 3D bone model of at least part of the bone comprising said region of interest from said set of 3D images,—determining a criterion representative of a visualization of the extent of said morphologic region of interest,—automatically determining from the 3D bone model optimal relative bone and X-ray orientation so as to optimize said criterion for said patient,—creating at least one virtual X-ray image of the bone from said set of 3D images according to said optimal relative bone and virtual X-ray orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically determining, on a bone comprising a head portion contiguous to a neck portion, parameters for characterizing a bump deformation on the head-neck junction of the bone from acquired 3D medical image, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing a 3D surface model of the bone; ii) fitting a sphere on the spherical portion of the head of the bone; iii) determining a neck axis characterizing the neck portion of the bone; iv) determining from the fitted sphere and the neck axis, a clock face referential on the head of the bone rotating around the neck axis; v) determining a 3D curve on the 3D surface model characterizing the head-neck junction of the bone; vi) determining, from the 3D curve, the summit of the bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone; vii) determining, from said summit of the bump deformation, first and a second parameters (?3D, iMax) characterizing the maximum bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for non-invasive reproducible determination of a corrected surface on a 3D bone surface model constructed from 3D medical image of a bone having a deformation consisting in a bump overgrowth at the head-neck junction; wherein said corrected surface comprises: i) a 3D spherical corrected surface patch on the head portion of said 3D bone surface model, and ii) a 3D smooth transition corrected surface patch on the neck portion of said 3D bone surface model, contiguous to said 3D spherical corrected surface patch; Said corrected surface patches are defined by a set of parameters comprising: iii) at least one first parameter (a*) representing a spherical extent value of said 3D spherical corrected surface patch, iv) and a set of at least one second parameter, said set determining the 3D correction boundary of said corrected surface patches, such that said corrected surface patches are continuous with said 3D bone surface model along said boundary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for real-time determination an optimal corrected surface of a first bone and/or a second bone forming together an articulation, the first and/or second bones presenting an overgrowth deformation, said corrected surface providing a greater range of motion of the articulation, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing from acquired images of the articulation 3D voxel models of the first bone and the second bone; ii) for each of first and second bone voxel models, constructing a coordinate system defined by a center and three axes; iii) applying a motion pattern on the coordinate system of the second bone with respect to the coordinate system of the first bone, a motion pattern being a set of contiguous positions of the first or second bone coordinate systems with respect to the other bone coordinate system, the contiguous positions defining a movement of one bone with respect to the other, wherein said motion pattern is initially loaded from a data base of pred

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for non-invasive reproducible determination of a corrected surface on a 3D bone surface model constructed from 3D medical image of a bone having a deformation consisting in a bump overgrowth at the head-neck junction; wherein said corrected surface comprises: i) a 3D spherical corrected surface patch on the head portion of said 3D bone surface model, and ii) a 3D smooth transition corrected surface patch on the neck portion of said 3D bone surface model, contiguous to said 3D spherical corrected surface patch; Said corrected surface patches are defined by a set of parameters comprising: iii) at least one first parameter (a*) representing a spherical extent value of said 3D spherical corrected surface patch, iv) and a set of at least one second parameter, said set determining the 3D correction boundary of said corrected surface patches, such that said corrected surface patches are continuous with said 3D bone surface model along said boundary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically determining, on a bone comprising a head portion contiguous to a neck portion, parameters for characterizing a bump deformation on the head-neck junction of the bone from acquired 3D medical image, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing a 3D surface model of the bone; ii) fitting a sphere on the spherical portion of the head of the bone; iii) determining a neck axis characterizing the neck portion of the bone; iv) determining from the fitted sphere and the neck axis, a clock face referential on the head of the bone rotating around the neck axis; v) determining a 3D curve on the 3D surface model characterizing the head-neck junction of the bone; vi) determining, from the 3D curve, the summit of the bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone; vii) determining, from said summit of the bump deformation, first and a second parameters (?3D, iMax) characterizing the maximum bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically determining, on a bone comprising a head portion contiguous to a neck portion, parameters for characterizing a bump deformation on the head-neck junction of the bone from acquired 3D medical image, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing a 3D surface model of the bone; ii) fitting a sphere on the spherical portion of the head of the bone; iii) determining a neck axis characterizing the neck portion of the bone; iv) determining from the fitted sphere and the neck axis, a clock face referential on the head of the bone rotating around the neck axis; v) determining a 3D curve on the 3D surface model characterizing the head-neck junction of the bone; vi) determining, from the 3D curve, the summit of the bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone; vii) determining, from said summit of the bump deformation, first and a second parameters (?3D, iMax) characterizing the maximum bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone.

Abstract: A sheet formation section of a paper machine includes a sensor that measures a first characteristic of a sheet of paper being formed. The sensor may measure a characteristic such as streaking, rises, depressions, or smoothness. The sheet formation section also includes an apparatus that applies a magnetic field to the sheet of paper being formed. The machine also includes a controller that causes the apparatus to apply the magnetic field in response to a signal from the sensor representative of the first characteristic. The magnetic field transforms a second characteristic of the sheet of paper. The apparatus may transform a characteristic such as water content or fiber orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for non-invasive reproducible determination of a corrected surface on a 3D bone surface model constructed from 3D medical image of a bone having a deformation consisting in a bump overgrowth at the head-neck junction; wherein said corrected surface comprises: i) a 3D spherical corrected surface patch on the head portion of said 3D bone surface model, and ii) a 3D smooth transition corrected surface patch on the neck portion of said 3D bone surface model, contiguous to said 3D spherical corrected surface patch; Said corrected surface patches are defined by a set of parameters comprising: iii) at least one first parameter (a*) representing a spherical extent value of said 3D spherical corrected surface patch, iv) and a set of at least one second parameter, said set determining the 3D correction boundary of said corrected surface patches, such that said corrected surface patches are continuous with said 3D bone surface model along said boundary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for real-time determination an optimal corrected surface of a first bone and/or a second bone forming together an articulation, the first and/or second bones presenting an overgrowth deformation, said corrected surface providing a greater range of motion of the articulation, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing from acquired images of the articulation 3D voxel models of the first bone and the second bone; ii) for each of first and second bone voxel models, constructing a coordinate system defmed by a center and three axes; iii) applying a motion pattern on the coordinate system of the second bone with respect to the coordinate system of the first bone, a motion pattern being a set of contiguous positions of the first or second bone coordinate systems with respect to the other bone coordinate system, the contiguous positions defining a movement of one bone with respect to the other, wherein said motion pattern is initially loaded from a data base of pre-d

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically determining, on a bone comprising a head portion contiguous to a neck portion, parameters for characterizing a bump deformation on the head-neck junction of the bone from acquired 3D medical image, the method comprising the following steps: i) constructing a 3D surface model of the bone; ii) fitting a sphere on the spherical portion of the head of the bone; iii) determining a neck axis characterizing the neck portion of the bone; iv) determining from the fitted sphere and the neck axis, a clock face referential on the head of the bone rotating around the neck axis; v) determining a 3D curve on the 3D surface model characterizing the head-neck junction of the bone; vi) determining, from the 3D curve, the summit of the bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone; vii) determining, from said summit of the bump deformation, first and a second parameters (?3D, iMax) characterizing the maximum bump deformation of the head-neck junction of the bone.

Abstract: A sheet formation section of a paper machine includes a sensor that measures a first characteristic of a sheet of paper being formed. The sensor may measure a characteristic such as streaking, rises, depressions, or smoothness. The sheet formation section also includes an apparatus that applies a magnetic field to the sheet of paper being formed. The machine also includes a controller that causes the apparatus to apply the magnetic field in response to a signal from the sensor representative of the first characteristic. The magnetic field transforms a second characteristic of the sheet of paper. The apparatus may transform a characteristic such as water content or fiber orientation.