Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for ligating polynucleotides having a length that is greater than 8 nucleotides on an RNA splint. The ligation reaction provides consistent results in high or low ATP concentrations. The reaction can occur rapidly and is generally at least 10 fold more efficient than T4DNA ligase under optimal conditions for T4DNA ligase and the reaction time is less than 6 hours for example, less than 1 hour.

Abstract: Policies that govern allocation of spectrum access credentials are established. The policies are configured to implement regulatory rules governing spectrum use in a geographic area. Policy establishment includes selecting, from a collection of predetermined general policy constructs that are generic to plural regulatory domains, general policy constructs to transform into protection instances. Policy parameter inputs are applied to policy parameter fields of the selected general policy constructs to establish the protection instances, the protection instances specify how regulatory rules are applied in the geographic area. Protection data values are applied to protection data fields of the protection instances to create instances of policies that are specific to the geographic area according to incumbent spectrum use in the geographic area.

Abstract: Policies that govern allocation of spectrum access credentials are established. The policies are configured to implement regulatory rules governing spectrum use in a geographic area. Policy establishment includes selecting, from a collection of predetermined general policy constructs that are generic to plural regulatory domains, general policy constructs to transform into protection instances. Policy parameter inputs are applied to policy parameter fields of the selected general policy constructs to establish the protection instances, the protection instances specify how regulatory rules are applied in the geographic area. Protection data values are applied to protection data fields of the protection instances to create instances of policies that are specific to the geographic area according to incumbent spectrum use in the geographic area.

Abstract: Methods are provided for a rapid, low cost approach to monitoring an amplification reaction. This includes monitoring the progress of isothermal or PCR amplification reactions to completion using pH-sensitive dyes that are either colored or fluorescent. Compositions are described that include a mixture of a DNA polymerase, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate and a weak buffer of less than 1 mM Tris or equivalent or no buffer.

Abstract: Compositions are provided that include a plurality of small molecules selected from the group consisting of an amide, urea or acetone having a molecular weight less than 300 g/mol; and dNTPs and a polymerase in a buffer suitable for use as an amplification buffer. Methods of use of the compositions are also described for reducing non-template DNA amplification.

Abstract: Spectrum that is shared by two or more radio devices that operate near a boundary of a tract is managed by a spectrum management system. The system determines a closest point of approach to the boundary for each radio device and an aggregate contributed power at each closest point of approach by the emissions from the radio devices previously granted spectrum access to the shared spectrum. A transmit power limit for the requesting radio device is determined at each closest point of approach. Spectrum access is granted to a requesting radio device and the granted spectrum access includes an authorized transmit power limit that does not exceed the smallest one of the transmit power limits.

Abstract: Spectrum that is shared by two or more radio devices that operate near a boundary of a tract is managed by a spectrum management system. The system determines a closest point of approach to the boundary for each radio device and an aggregate contributed power at each closest point of approach by the emissions from the radio devices previously granted spectrum access to the shared spectrum. A transmit power limit for the requesting radio device is determined at each closest point of approach. Spectrum access is granted to a requesting radio device and the granted spectrum access includes an authorized transmit power limit that does not exceed the smallest one of the transmit power limits.

Abstract: Methods are provided for a rapid, low cost approach to monitoring an amplification reaction. This includes monitoring the progress of isothermal or PCR amplification reactions to completion using pH-sensitive dyes that are either colored or fluorescent. Compositions are described that include a mixture of a DNA polymerase, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate and a weak buffer of less than 1 mM Tris or equivalent or no buffer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for inhibiting a polymerase from replicating non target DNA at a temperature below the amplification reaction temperature. The inhibitor is a synthetic nucleic acid which is single stranded but folds to form at least one double stranded region designed to melt at a temperature which is lower than the amplification reaction temperature, and at least one single stranded region where the single stranded region at the 5? end contains at least one uracil or inosine and optionally a sequence at the 3? end contains one or more derivative nucleotide or linkages.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for quantitative detection of amplification products, the methods being suitable for multiplexing. A first oligonucleotide that includes a primer sequence for priming an amplification reaction and also is labeled with a fluorescent label or quencher is mixed with a second oligonucleotide which has a sequence suitable for hybridizing to a portion of the first oligonucleotide and has a fluorescent label if the first oligonucleotide has a quencher or a quencher if the first oligonucleotide has a fluorescent label; and a third nucleotide which includes some or all the primer sequence contained in the first oligonucleotide but is not labeled, the first and third oligonucleotide being combined in a molar ratio of 2.8 to 8.2.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for quantitative detection of amplification products, the methods being suitable for multiplexing. A first oligonucleotide that includes a primer sequence for priming an amplification reaction and also is labeled with a fluorescent label or quencher is mixed with a second oligonucleotide which has a sequence suitable for hybridizing to a portion of the first oligonucleotide and has a fluorescent label if the first oligonucleotide has a quencher or a quencher if the first oligonucleotide has a fluorescent label; and a third nucleotide which includes some or all the primer sequence contained in the first oligonucleotide but is not labeled, the first and third oligonucleotide being combined in a molar ratio of 2.8 to 8.2.

Abstract: Methods are provided for a rapid, low cost approach to monitoring an amplification reaction. This includes monitoring the progress of isothermal or PCR amplification reactions to completion using pH-sensitive dyes that are either colored or fluorescent. Compositions are described that include a mixture of a DNA polymerase, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate and a weak buffer of less than 1 mM Tris or equivalent or no buffer.

Abstract: A provisioning engine provisions spectrum into an allocable spectrum object. The provisioning engine includes an interface configured to receive inputs of available spectrum information and a plurality of provisioning parameters. The plurality of provisioning parameters include at least one signal strength limit, and may include at least first and second signal strength limits that may be boundary strength limit and an allocation strength limit. A controller is configured to execute a spectrum provisioning application that is stored in a memory and, by execution of the spectrum provisioning application, the provisioning engine is configured to generate an allocable spectrum object in accordance with the provisioning parameters. Spectrum encompassed within the spectrum object is allocable by an allocation engine to spectrum users in accordance with the provisioning parameters.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided that relate to solubilized phospholipids and their use in stabilizing nucleic acid polymerases. For example, a phospholipid with a tail containing at least 8 carbons can be solubilized in the presence of an amphipathic molecule.

Abstract: A spectrum use assessment server receives spectrum use data from each of plural electronic devices. The spectrum use data from each electronic device includes at least location of the electronic device and operating channel of the electronic device. The server determines a spectrum use coverage area of each electronic device and identifies an overlap in the coverage areas in which two or more of the electronic devices engage in competing spectrum use.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for ligating polynucleotides having a length that is greater than 8 nucleotides on an RNA splint. The ligation reaction provides consistent results in high or low ATP concentrations. The reaction can occur rapidly and is generally at least 10 fold more efficient than T4DNA ligase under optimal conditions for T4DNA ligase and the reaction time is less than 6 hours for example, less than 1 hour.

Abstract: A spectrum use assessment server receives spectrum use data from each of plural electronic devices. The spectrum use data from each electronic device includes at least location of the electronic device and operating channel of the electronic device. The server determines a spectrum use coverage area of each electronic device and identifies an overlap in the coverage areas in which two or more of the electronic devices engage in competing spectrum use.

Abstract: Methods are provided for a rapid, low cost approach to monitoring an amplification reaction. This includes monitoring the progress of isothermal or PCR amplification reactions to completion using pH-sensitive dyes that are either colored or fluorescent. Compositions are described that include a mixture of a DNA polymerase, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate and a weak buffer of less than 1 mM Tris or equivalent or no buffer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for quantitative detection of amplification products, the methods being suitable for multiplexing. A first oligonucleotide that includes a primer sequence for priming an amplification reaction and also is labeled with a fluorescent label or quencher is mixed with a second oligonucleotide which has a sequence suitable for hybridizing to a portion of the first oligonucleotide and has a fluorescent label if the first oligonucleotide has a quencher or a quencher if the first oligonucleotide has a fluorescent label; and a third nucleotide which includes some or all the primer sequence contained in the first oligonucleotide but is not labeled, the first and third oligonucleotide being combined in a molar ratio of 2.8 to 8.2.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for quantitative detection of amplification products, the methods being suitable for multiplexing. A first oligonucleotide that includes a primer sequence for priming an amplification reaction and also is labeled with a fluorescent label or quencher is mixed with a second oligonucleotide which has a sequence suitable for hybridizing to a portion of the first oligonucleotide and has a fluorescent label if the first oligonucleotide has a quencher or a quencher if the first oligonucleotide has a fluorescent label; and a third nucleotide which includes some or all the primer sequence contained in the first oligonucleotide but is not labeled, the first and third oligonucleotide being combined in a molar ratio of 2.8 to 8.2.