Abstract: A ladder having a foot having a plastic body with a recess which receives the end of a first rail and is positioned about and conforms to the web and the first and second flanges of the first rail. The foot has a plastic base having a top side from which the body extends. The base has a front edge. The foot has a metal rail fastener which extends through the body and the rail to attach the body and the rail together. The foot has a pad having a rigid plate with a rubber outer layer surrounding the rigid plate and a pad fastener hole that extends entirely through the rigid plate and rubber outer layer, the outer layer of the pad having a bottom with treads. The foot has a metal pad fastener that extends entirely through the pad and entirely through the base to attach the pad to the base so the rigid plate is between the treads and the base of the shell. A ladder foot. A method.

Abstract: A Link 16 terminal. The Link 16 terminal includes a red enclave. The red enclave comprises a Link 16 radio. The Link 16 radio is configured to send commands to Link 16 modems. The commands specify time slots when operations in the commands should be performed by the Link 16 modems. The Link 16 terminal further includes a black enclave physically separated from the red enclave. The black enclave includes a Link 16 modem configured to receive commands from the Link 16 radio. The Link 16 terminal further includes a communication channel configured to facilitate communication between the red enclave and the black enclave. The Link 16 radio is configured to dynamically adjust when commands are sent to the Link 16 modem with respect to time slots specified in the commands based on latency between the Link 16 radio and the Link 16 modem.

Abstract: We present a novel technology to prevent water absorption into substrates and to prevent the hydrolysis process thereof. To these ends, we disclose very thin-film water-vapor barrier for applications to substrate surfaces and methods for manufacturing the same. A polymeric compound film and silica-like compound film form a bilayer and one or more bilayers form the barrier on the substrate. The thickness of the film layers is kept below the thin film interference thickness to ensure that the one or more transparent bilayers are substantially transparent to the light. The thin film interference thickness may be characterized as the wavelength of light (?) divided by four (4) times the index of refraction (n) of the film materials.

Abstract: A flexible optical filter and a method of manufacturing includes providing a porous optical filter; depositing the porous optical filter onto a substrate; coating the porous optical filter with a polymer film thereby transferring the porous optical filter to the polymer film; and removing the polymer film and attached porous optical filter from the substrate thereby creating a flexible optical filter. The porous optical filter includes nano-structures. The nano-structures include any of rods, helices, particles, and zig-zags. The removed polymer film and attached porous optical filter may be flexible. The flexible optical filter includes inorganic materials. The nano-structures may absorb an applied strain to the flexible optical filter. The nano-structures prevent the inorganic materials from being damaged upon undergoing strain. The method may further include integrating any of nano-plasmonics, electrochromic, gasochromic, thermochromic, and non-linear optic materials with the porous optical filter.

Abstract: An optical filter for use in high temperature and rapid changing temperature environments, and method of making the same is provided. The optical filter includes a substrate and a filter layer disposed on the substrate. The filter layer has a porous columnar micro-structure configured to decouple the thermal expansion stress between the substrate and the filter layer when the optical filter is subjected to high temperature. The filter layer may be formed of a material conducive to physical vapor deposition, such as metallic oxide. The filter layer is deposited onto the substrate at an angle.

Abstract: An endless flexible seamed belt formed by joining two ends of material from which the belt is fabricated each end of which has a plurality of mutually mating elements in a puzzle cut pattern which are in interlocking relationship to prevent separation of the ends and which form a seam when joined mechanically to enable the flexible belt to essentially function as an endless belt having a substantially uniform thickness, said seam having voids between mutually mating elements at least partially filled with a seam strength enhancing material which is chemically and physically compatible with the material from which the belt is fabricated and which substance applied as a strip or on a strip over the seam and is bound to said belt material, said bond having been formed by the application of heat and/or pressure to a strip of said compatible placed material on at least one side of the seam at least substantially covering the seam.

Abstract: An endless flexible seamed belt formed by joining two ends of the material from which the belt is fabricated, the belt having at least one overlapping butting joint to form the endless belt, each end of the belt material having top and bottom overlapping mating portions of the same length and wherein both the top and bottom overlapping portions are about one-half the thickness of the belt material, the mating portions being joined to provide a lapping joint and two butting joints and wherein rigid high strength fibers are present between mating portions of at least one joint, the seamed belt having been formed by the application of heat to said mating portions when the fibers are present in at least one joint.

Abstract: An endless flexible seamed belt formed by joining two ends of the material from which the belt is fabricated is provided, the belt having at least one overlapping, butting, interlocking joint to form the endless belt, each end of the at least one overlapping butting, joint, contains a pair of interlocking members having a male projection and a female receptacle geometrically oriented so that the female receptacle on the first end receives the male projection on the second end and the male projection on the first end is received by the female receptacle on the second end to form a joint between the first and second ends, at least one receptacle being formed within and having a substantial depth in a portion of the belt material at the belt ends, at least one projection and receptacle pair being sized and shaped to form at least one pair of mutually mating elements in a combination overlapping, butting and interlocking joint to form the endless belt.

Abstract: An endless flexible seamed belt with a mechanically invisible seam and substantially equivalent in performance to a seamless belt is formed by joining two ends of material from which the belt is fabricated each end of which has a plurality of mutually mating elements in a puzzle cut pattern which are in interlocking relationship in at least one plane and which when joined mechanically enable the flexible belt to essentially function as an endless belt having a substantially uniform thickness.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polyurethane elastomer obtained by the reaction of a polytetramethylene ether glycol having the formula HO[(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O].sub.x H where x is from 8 to 41 and from about 20 to about 95 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the glycol of at least one diisocyanate, a sufficient amount of cross linking agents and chain extenders to provide a crosslinked elastomer and an amount of an asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.25 sufficient to provide a resistivity of from about 10.sup.7 to about 10.sup.11 ohm cm. In a preferred embodiment the asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt is (3-lauramidopropyl) trimethylammonium sulfate.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polyurethane elastomer obtained by the reaction of a polytetramethylene ether glycol having the formula HO[(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O].sub.x H where x is from 8 to 41 and from about 20 to about 95 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said glycol of at least one diisocyanate, a sufficient amount of chain extender and cross linking agents to provide a crosslinked elastomer and an amount of an asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.25 sufficient to provide a D.C. volume resistivity of from about 10.sup.7 to about 10.sup.11 ohm cm. In a preferred embodiment the asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt is hexadecyl ethyl dimethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polyurethane elastomer obtained by the reaction of a polytetramethylene ether glycol having the formula HO[(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O].sub.x H where x is from 8 to 41 and from about 20 to about 95 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the glycol of at least one diisocyanate, a sufficient amount of cross linking agents and chain extenders to provide a crosslinked elastomer and an amount of an asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt having the formula: ##STR1## Where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.25 sufficient to provide a resistivity of from about 10.sup.7 to about 10.sup.11 ohm cm. In a preferred embodiment the asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt is (3-lauramidopropyl) trimethylammonium sulfate.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polyurethane elastomer obtained by the reaction of a polytetramethylene ether glycol having the formula HO[(CH.sub.2).sub.4 O].sub.x H where x is from 8 to 41 and from about 20 to about 95 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said glycol of at least one diisocyanate, a sufficient amount of chain extender and cross linking agents to provide a crosslinked elastomer and an amount of an asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 and 1.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.25 sufficient to provide a D.C. volume resistivity of from about 10.sup.7 to about 10.sup.11 ohm cm. In a preferred embodiment the asymmetric ionic quarternary ammonium salt is hexadecyl ethyl dimethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate.

Abstract: A process for the purification of crude cyanuric acid containing aminotriazine compounds as impurities which comprises digesting the crude cyanuric acid in an aqueous solution containing low concentrations of a mineral acid. The mineral acid is, for example sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, or phosphoric acid. The digestion is operated at a temperature in the range of from about 120.degree. C. and about 220.degree. C. and autogenous pressure using a stoichiometric ratio of sulfuric acid to aminotriazine compounds of less than 1, to produce a slurry of purified cyanuric acid in an acid depleted ammonium sulfate solution.Purification of cyanuric acid by the process of the present invention permits a substantial reduction in the amounts of acid used in the digestion and the base required for ammonia stripping and neutralization of the spent acid from the digestion. This provides significant cost savings in the digestion and waste treatment methods.

Abstract: A process for producing urea cyanurate which comprises reacting an aqueous solution of urea with cyanuric acid at a temperature below the melting point of urea provides reaction conditions which minimize urea decomposition and are energy efficient. The urea cyanurate product can be used directly in the manufacture of cyanuric acid in a process which minimizes the build up of scale on the reactor walls. The cyanuric acid product has reduced concentrations of by-products such as ammelide and ammeline.