Abstract: A fire-retarded cellulose fiber material composed of phosphoric acid and ammonium sulfate as fire-retardant chemical components, absorbed, adsorbed and/or adhered on the cellulose fibers, and optional non-fire retardant additives, and methods of producing the fire-retarded cellulose fiber material are disclosed.

Abstract: A fire-retarded cellulose fiber material composed of phosphoric acid and ammonium sulfate as fire-retardant chemical components, absorbed, adsorbed and/or adhered on the cellulose fibers, and optional non-fire retardant additives, and methods of producing the fire-retarded cellulose fiber material are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing a fire retarded cellulose fiber material composed of both a liquid fire retardant and a powdered fire retardant useful in producing insulation and other such products is provided.

Abstract: A method of producing a low-dust, fire retardant cellulose fiber material useful in producing insulation and other such products is provided. A liquid, comprising a solvent and at least one fire-retarding material soluble in that solvent, is applied to a cellulose source material, and the liquid is allowed to permeate into the cellulose source material. The liquid permeated material is dried to remove the solvent while the fire-retardant material remains in the cellulose source material. The dried fire-retardant cellulose source material is reduced in size and then de-dusted to produce a low to no dust, fire-retardant cellulose fiber material that has functionally equivalent fire-retardant properties as the dried fire-retardant cellulose source material before de-dusting.

Abstract: A fire-resistant cellulose material composed of a liquid acid fire-retardant chemical composition and methods of producing the cellulose material are disclosed.

Abstract: An industrial absorbent and methods of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the industrial absorbent includes a first scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; a second scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; and a middle layer positioned between the first and second scrims. The middle layer includes a dry-laid web of fire-retardant treated cellulose and opened, individuated staple bicomponent fiber. At least some of the bicomponent fiber in the middle layer is thermally bonded to at least some of the cellulose in the middle layer, and the first and second scrims are thermally bonded to the middle layer.

Abstract: An industrial absorbent and methods of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the industrial absorbent includes a first scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; a second scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; and a middle layer positioned between the first and second scrims. The middle layer includes a dry-laid web of fire-retardant treated cellulose and opened, individuated staple bicomponent fiber. At least some of the bicomponent fiber in the middle layer is thermally bonded to at least some of the cellulose in the middle layer, and the first and second scrims are thermally bonded to the middle layer.

Abstract: A product including a web and a method of manufacturing such a product. The product may be for use as an industrial absorbent or a thermal or acoustic insulator and includes a web including scrap and/or recycled cellulose, the cellulose being selected from a source of post-industrial cellulose and/or a source of post-consumer cellulose, the cellulose being treated with a fire-retardant, the cellulose being dry before web formation, and opened, individuated bicomponent fibers mixed with the cellulose, at least some of the bicomponent fibers being thermally bonded to at least some of the cellulose. The method may include shredding the cellulose, declumping and sizing the cellulose, metering the cellulose into a spray booth, applying a fire retardant to the cellulose in the spray booth, if the fire retardant is a liquid, drying the cellulose, adding bicomponent fibers to the cellulose, forming a web, and heating the web in an oven.

Abstract: A method of producing a low-dust, fire retardant cellulose fiber material useful in producing insulation and other such products is provided. A liquid, comprising a solvent and at least one fire-retarding material soluble in that solvent, is applied to a cellulose source material, and the liquid is allowed to permeate into the cellulose source material. The liquid permeated material is dried to remove the solvent while the fire-retardant material remains in the cellulose source material. The dried fire-retardant cellulose source material is reduced in size and then de-dusted to produce a low to no dust, fire-retardant cellulose fiber material that has functionally equivalent fire-retardant properties as the dried fire-retardant cellulose source material before de-dusting.

Abstract: A product including a web and a method of manufacturing such a product. The product may be for use as an industrial absorbent or a thermal or acoustic insulator and includes a web including scrap and/or recycled cellulose, the cellulose being selected from a source of post-industrial cellulose and/or a source of post-consumer cellulose, the cellulose being treated with a fire-retardant, the cellulose being dry before web formation, and opened, individuated bicomponent fibers mixed with the cellulose, at least some of the bicomponent fibers being thermally bonded to at least some of the cellulose. The method may include shredding the cellulose, declumping and sizing the cellulose, metering the cellulose into a spray booth, applying a fire retardant to the cellulose in the spray booth, if the fire retardant is a liquid, drying the cellulose, adding bicomponent fibers to the cellulose, forming a web, and heating the web in an oven.

Abstract: An industrial absorbent and methods of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the industrial absorbent includes a first scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; a second scrim made from at least one thermoplastic material; and a middle layer positioned between the first and second scrims. The middle layer includes a dry-laid web of fire-retardant treated cellulose and opened, individuated staple bicomponent fiber. At least some of the bicomponent fiber in the middle layer is thermally bonded to at least some of the cellulose in the middle layer, and the first and second scrims are thermally bonded to the middle layer.

Abstract: A method for producing fire-resistant cellulose insulation materials using liquid fire retardants. Cellulose materials (e.g. paper) are initially shredded into multiple pieces which are sprayed with a mist containing liquid fire retardants. The sprayed paper is then subjected to a delay period before further processing to ensure diffusion of the fire retardants into the paper. The paper is then passed into a drying chamber in combination with a stream of heated air. The air is preferably introduced into the chamber in a non-parallel, angular flow path relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber. To completely dry the paper, movement of the paper and heated air through the chamber is periodically interrupted so that the paper is completely dried by the air. Interruption may be achieved by providing moving baffle members within the chamber. As a result, a dried cellulose insulation product is manufactured.

Abstract: A method for treating cyanide-contaminated water in order to remove dissolved (e.g. free) cyanide (HCN and/or CN.sup.-) therefrom. Cyanide-contaminated water is a significant problem in the gold processing industry wherein cyanide compounds are used to remove gold from ore. The remaining cyanide solution after gold extraction is treated to reduce free cyanide levels therein by combining the solution with a crystalline waste by-product of the metal galvanizing industry having the following formula: (Fe.multidot.Zn)SO.sub.4 .multidot.7H.sub.2 O. This material preferably has a zinc content of about 1-14% by weight, and is added to the water in an amount equal to about 1-5 pounds per ton of ore being processed. As a result, a stable, solid, non-toxic complex is produced from the toxic free cyanide materials. This is accomplished without the generation of harmful acids, heavy metals, excessive iron levels or other undesired by-products.

Abstract: A pelletized ferrous sulfate monohydrate (FeSO.sub.4 .multidot.H.sub.2 O) product and method for the manufacture thereof. Hard, spherical ferrous sulfate monohydrate pellets are manufactured by combining ferrous sulfate monohydrate powder with an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SO.sub.4 having a preferred concentration of about 1-40% by weight ammonium sulfate. Mixture of these components occurs in a conventional pelletizing apparatus (e.g. a disc pelletizer) which produces individual pellets from the components. The pellets are then heated in order to remove excess water therefrom. The foregoing process enables durable pellets to be made without substantial hydration of the ferrous sulfate monohydrate. The pellets are spherical, have a size of about -6+20 U.S. standard mesh, and have not less than about 25% by weight soluble Fe.

Abstract: Fire retardant compositions in pelletized and in aqueous solution form constituting mixtures containing in a ratio by weight about 30-50% monoammonium phosphate and 70-50% diammonium phosphate, and optionally a corrosion inhibitor, which in solution form are of substantially neutral pH and contain in a 10-part ratio by weight about 3-7.9 parts total monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate and 7-2.1 parts of water, and optionally a surfactant;methods of using such compositions in solution form for providing composite fire retardant cellulosic products in which the solution is intimately intermixed with cellulosic fiber material to form loose fibers thereof containing such solution substantially absorbed therein, e.g. in a 100-part ratio by weight of about 6-16 parts of solution and 94-84 parts of cellulosic material and having a bulk density corresponding to a settled bulk density of about 2.0-3.1 lbs/ft.sup.

Abstract: Admixture of unsaturated polyester and finely ground powder particles of soda-containing silicate glass, preferably soda-lime-silicate glass, e.g. below about 40 mesh and in an amount of between about 1 to 60% based on the weight of the polyester-glass particle admixture, providing improved properties in the ultimately cured resin at lower material costs and having special application as a composition for use in fabricating fibrous glass (i.e. fiber-glass) reinforced plastics composite products.

Abstract: Fire retardant generally non-caking compositions of intimately intermixed ammonium phosphate, e.g. mono- and/or diammonium phosphate; sodium tetraborate containing molecularly bound water, e.g.

Abstract: Preparation of improved smoke and flame retardant high structural strength resinous compositions by incorporating fractured finely ground solid powder particles of soda-containing silicate glass, especially soda-lime-silicate glass, having a high and irregular surface area and an average particle size below about 40 mesh, and a finely divided inorganic solid oxidic boron material capable of forming inert glass upon being heated, e.g. sodium tetraborate (anhydrous, pentahydrate and decahydrate), boric acid, and boron oxide, alone or combined in an average particle size below about 40 mesh, into the corresponding resin or synthetic plastic, e.g. polyester, in intimate and substantially uniform distribution therein to form an admixture therewith prior to curing, said boron material being incorporated in an effective amount, e.g.