Abstract: An active flash-light treatment system is configured to degrade organic pollutants in a liquid stream. The system includes a reactor configured to receive the liquid stream, a light source configured to generate an emitted light having a first wavelength range, an upstream sensor configured to measure a characteristic of the liquid stream before entering the reactor, and a controller configured to analyze the characteristic of the liquid stream and to select a wavelength-conversion material for the reactor, based on the characteristic of the liquid stream. The wavelength-conversion material is configured to absorb the emitted light and generate a converted light having a second wavelength range, different from the first wavelength range, and the converted light irradiates the liquid stream to degrade the organic pollutants.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a soft stamp includes providing a substrate having a first electrode and a second electrode, the second electrode being formed at a distance less than 100 nm from the first electrode so that a nanogap Ng is formed between the first and second electrodes; pouring a curable substance over the first and second electrodes and into the nanogap Ng; curing the curable substance to form a soft stamp; and removing the soft stamp from the first and second electrodes. The soft stamp has a nano-feature having a size less than 100 nm.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solid state device with a self-forming nanogap includes patterning a first metallic layer (M1) to form a first electrode on a substrate; depositing a self-assembling monolayer, SAM, layer over and around the first electrode; forming a second metallic layer (M2) in contact with the SAM layer and the substrate; and touchlessly removing parts of the second metallic layer (M2) that is formed directly above the SAM layer, to form a second electrode, and a nanogap between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the inventions described herein relate to a composition of matter comprising a molecule having the structure: wherein: independently at each occurrence, R1 is a halogen, a alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 comprises from 3 to 30 CH2— groups, n=0-5, m=0-5, q=1-3, and R2 comprises at least one ether linkage.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the inventions described herein relate to a composition of matter comprising a molecule having the structure: wherein: independently at each occurrence, R1 is a halogen, a alkyl group, a heteroalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group; R2 comprises from 3 to 30 CH2— groups, n=0-5, m=0-5, q=1-3, and R2 comprises at least one ether linkage