Abstract: Wellbore liner apparatus has been invented which, in one aspect, includes at least one tubular member for lining at least part of a lateral wellbore extending from a primary wellbore in the earth, at least one coupling bushing connected to the at least one tubular member and disposed in the primary wellbore, the coupling bushing having a bore therethrough from a top to a bottom thereof. In one aspect, the wellbore liner apparatus has two coupling bushings and a first tubular member and a second tubular member, the first tubular member secured to and extending down from the first coupling bushing to the second coupling bushing which is secured thereto, the second tubular member secured to and extending down from the second coupling bushing, with part of the second tubular member lining the lateral wellbore. Such systems are combinable with a wellbore milling system so that communication between the primary wellbore and the interior of the liner may be reestablished.

Abstract: Described is a process for recovering phytic acid or phytic acid salt from a medium in which it is contained. This process includes contacting the medium with a solid-phase free base polymer having tertiary amine functions to adsorb the phytic acid or salt thereof. In one preferred mode, the medium to be treated also contains lactic acid, and separate fractions predominant in (i) lactic acid and (ii) phytic acid or phytic acid salt, respectively, are recovered. Also described are preferred processes for treating mediums to recover lactic acid therefrom, and a favored process for obtaining inositol directly by hydrolyzing phytic acid or phytic acid salt while adsorbed on a pyridine-containing polymer.

Abstract: Insoluble complex oxidation catalysts comprising chromium salts bound on an insoluble polymer supports having pendant pyridine groups, that are useful in oxidation reactions such as Tetralin.RTM. to .alpha.-tetralone, ethylbenzene to acetophenone, and 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine to 2-methyl-5-acetylpyridine. Also disclosed are processes for accomplishing such oxidations utilizing such catalysts.

Abstract: Insoluble complex oxidation catalysts comprising chromium salts bound on an insoluble polymer supports having pendant pyridine groups, that are useful in oxidation reactions such as Tetralino.RTM. to .alpha.-tetralone, ethylbenzene to acetophenone, and 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine to 2-methyl-5-acetylpyridine. Also disclosed are processes for accomplishing such oxidations utilizing such catalysts.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing the 2-alkylamino-5-alkylpyridine and 2-amino-5-alkylpyridine amination products of 3-alkylpyridines, comprising the step of initially reacting the base directly with the sodium salt of a primary alkylamine to produce the 2-alkylamino form, wherein the alkyl group in each reactant has from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms. The sodium salt is preferably preformed in situ by adding the alkylamine to a dispersion of sodium in an organic solvent heated to about 100.degree.-120.degree. C. The substituted amination preferably proceeds at a temperature of about 100.degree.-140.degree. C. in a solvent such as toluene and under an inert nitrogen atmosphere. The ratio of 2,5-:2,3- isomer products of the reaction is up to about 10:1 or more, with the effective yield of the 2,5-alkylated isomer being about 25% or more.

Abstract: One process comprises the step of reacting an amount of 5-carboxy-2-pyridone directly with both a suitable chlorinating agent and a suitable fluorinating agent to selectively transform both the 5-carboxy group and the 2-positioned oxygen function of the ring. A second process comprises the steps of reacting an amount of 5-carboxy-2-pyridone with a suitable fluorinating agent to selectively transform the 5-carboxy group without altering the 2-positioned oxygen function of the ring and reacting the 5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridone thereby formed with a suitable chlorinating agent to cause 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine to form.

Abstract: The chemical compound 5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyrone and a process for preparing a 5-trifluoromethyl-2-oxy compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is oxygen or nitrogen bearing a hydrogen, comprising the step of reacting an amount of the 5-carboxy precursor of the compound with a suitable fluorinating agent to selectively transform the 5-carboxy group without altering the oxygen function in the 2-position of the ring.

Abstract: A process for dequaternizing a 2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl or 2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl quaternary salt of a pyridine or bipyridine base comprising the step of heating or reacting the pyridylethyl quaternary salt with a caustic material such as sodium hydroxide. Also included is a process for preparing a second pyridine base (or a bipyridine base) in which a first pyridine base is initially selected and its 2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl or 2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl quaternary salt or its acid salt prepared. An electrophilic, nucleophilic or coupling reaction can then be performed on the quaternary salt to change the substituent or to form the bipyridyl coupling and the resultant salt dequaternized with a caustic material, such as sodium hydroxide, to produce a second pyridine or a bipyridine base.