Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods that receive as input a DNA or RNA sequence, extract features, and apply layers of processing units to compute one ore more condition-specific cell variables, corresponding to cellular quantities measured under different conditions. The system may be applied to a sequence containing a genetic variant, and also to a corresponding reference sequence to determine how much the condition-specific cell variables change because of the variant. The change in the condition-specific cell variables are used to compute a score for how deleterious a variant is, to classify a variant's level of deleteriousness, to prioritize variants for subsequent processing, and to compare a test variant to variants of known deleteriousness.

Abstract: Methods and systems for expanding a training set of one or more original biological sequences are provided. An original training set is obtained, wherein the original training set comprises one or more original biological sequences. Saliency values corresponding to one or more elements in each of the one or more original biological sequences are obtained. For each of the original biological sequences, one or more modified biological sequences are produced and the one or more modified biological sequences are associated with the original biological sequence. One or more elements are generated in each of the one or more modified biological sequences using one or more elements in the associated original biological sequence and the corresponding saliency values. The one or more modified biological sequences for each of the original biological sequences are added to the original training set to form an expanded training set.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods that receive as input a DNA or RNA sequence, extract features, and apply layers of processing units to compute one ore more condition-specific cell variables, corresponding to cellular quantities measured under different conditions. The system may be applied to a sequence containing a genetic variant, and also to a corresponding reference sequence to determine how much the condition-specific cell variables change because of the variant. The change in the condition-specific cell variables are used to compute a score for how deleterious a variant is, to classify a variant's level of deleteriousness, to prioritize variants for subsequent processing, and to compare a test variant to variants of known deleteriousness.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods that receive as input a DNA or RNA sequence, extract features, and apply layers of processing units to compute one ore more condition-specific cell variables, corresponding to cellular quantities measured under different conditions. The system may be applied to a sequence containing a genetic variant, and also to a corresponding reference sequence to determine how much the condition-specific cell variables change because of the variant. The change in the condition-specific cell variables are used to compute a score for how deleterious a variant is, to classify a variant's level of deleteriousness, to prioritize variants for subsequent processing, and to compare a test variant to variants of known deleteriousness.

Abstract: Methods and systems for expanding a training set of one or more original biological sequences are provided. An original training set is obtained, wherein the original training set comprises one or more original biological sequences. Saliency values corresponding to one or more elements in each of the one or more original biological sequences are obtained. For each of the original biological sequences, one or more modified biological sequences are produced and the one or more modified biological sequences are associated with the original biological sequence. One or more elements are generated in each of the one or more modified biological sequences using one or more elements in the associated original biological sequence and the corresponding saliency values. The one or more modified biological sequences for each of the original biological sequences are added to the original training set to form an expanded training set.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods that receive as input a DNA or RNA sequence, extract features, and apply layers of processing units to compute one ore more condition-specific cell variables, corresponding to cellular quantities measured under different conditions. The system may be applied to a sequence containing a genetic variant, and also to a corresponding reference sequence to determine how much the condition-specific cell variables change because of the variant. The change in the condition-specific cell variables are used to compute a score for how deleterious a variant is, to classify a variant's level of deleteriousness, to prioritize variants for subsequent processing, and to compare a test variant to variants of known deleteriousness.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for detecting, isolating, and/or characterizing a T cell or autoantibody associated with type I diabetes. The composition and methods comprise the use of a hybrid insulin peptide having an N-terminal amino acid sequence taken from the human insulin peptide and a C-terminal amino acid sequence taken from a secretory granule protein that are joined through a peptide bond to form an autoimmune antigen. The detecting, isolating and characterization step further includes performing an immunoassay and/or T cell proliferation assay with the disclosed hybrid insulin peptides, where preferably, the immunoassay is an ELISPOT assay.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods that receive as input a DNA or RNA sequence, extract features, and apply layers of processing units to compute one ore more condition-specific cell variables, corresponding to cellular quantities measured under different conditions. The system may be applied to a sequence containing a genetic variant, and also to a corresponding reference sequence to determine how much the condition-specific cell variables change because of the variant. The change in the condition-specific cell variables are used to compute a score for how deleterious a variant is, to classify a variant's level of deleteriousness, to prioritize variants for subsequent processing, and to compare a test variant to variants of known deleteriousness.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are arranged for generating a digital image. The apparatus comprises an image generation unit for generating the digital image having a first security module adapted for cryptographically linking a first secret unambiguously identifying the first security module, and securely deposited therein, with the digital image such that the integrity of the digital image can be ascertained using the result of this cryptographic linkage. Further, the apparatus comprises a portable data carrier which can be introduced into the apparatus. The portable data carrier is furnished with a second security module which is adapted for cryptographically linking a second secret unambiguously identifying the portable data carrier, and securely deposited therein, with the digital image such that the identity of the portable data carrier can be ascertained using the result of this cryptographic linkage.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are arranged for generating a digital image. The apparatus comprises an image generation unit for generating the digital image having a first security module adapted for cryptographically linking a first secret unambiguously identifying the first security module, and securely deposited therein, with the digital image such that the integrity of the digital image can be ascertained using the result of this cryptographic linkage. Further, the apparatus comprises a portable data carrier which can be introduced into the apparatus. The portable data carrier is furnished with a second security module which is adapted for cryptographically linking a second secret unambiguously identifying the portable data carrier, and securely deposited therein, with the digital image such that the identity of the portable data carrier can be ascertained using the result of this cryptographic linkage.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the development and treatment of autoimmune disease. Autoimmune diseases can result from tissue damage caused by the activation of autoreactive T cells by autoantigens. For example, peptide fragments of naturally occurring proteins (i.e., for example, chromogranin A) may activate autoreactive T cells that result in the destruction of pancreatic ? islet cells, possibly by the release of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., for example, interferon-?). One naturally occurring biologically active chromogranin A peptide fragment, WE14, may comprise a diabetogenic autoantigen. Truncation and extension analysis of WE14 indicates that the stimulating binding register of WE14 occupies only half of the mouse IAg7 peptide binding groove, leaving positions p1 to p4 empty.

Abstract: A playing field is used with a drinking game involving a plurality of cups. It has a playing surface with a means for maintaining the playing surface in a horizontal position. The playing surface is disposed on a planar member and has cup-receiving recesses. In some embodiments, the playing field is a planar member that rests upon a table, while in other embodiments the playing field is a table. The planar member may have first and second portions that are joined along an edge of each portion. The playing surface may be adapted for illumination from at least one light source positioned below the playing surface. A raised edge may be provided around a periphery of the playing surface, especially with a plurality of cup-receiving recesses along each of a pair of opposing sides of the playing surface.

Abstract: An optical detector for use in liquid chromatography systems or capillary electrophoresis systems comprises an optically transparent detector body through which an analyte channel extends, a fluid containing the analyte being adapted to be guided through said analyte channel. In order to increase the detection sensitivity, the light path between a light source introducing light and an optoelectric sensor element of the liquid chromatography system or capillary electrophoresis system is constructed as a Bragg waveguide structure extending at least along a sublength of said analyte channel essentially in the channel direction.