Abstract: Methods and systems for transforming data in a system are provided. In one implementation, the method includes providing a first frame buffer, and providing a second frame buffer that is separate from the first frame buffer. The first frame buffer is configured to support a first format compatible with a format associated with an application program interacting with the system, and the second frame buffer is configured to support a second format compatible with a format associated with an output device coupled to the system. The method further includes transforming data provided by the application program from the first format supported by the first frame buffer to the second format supported by the second frame buffer for output on the output device to provide compatibility between the application program and the output device.

Abstract: A method for improving compatibility between an application program and a display device of a computer system includes: providing a first format in a first frame buffer, the first format compatible with a format for an application program, providing a second format in a second frame buffer, the second format compatible with a format for an output device, and transforming inputs from the application program from the first format in the first frame buffer to the second format in the second frame buffer for output on the output device. With the present invention, new formats can be developed to reduce costs and improve performance with transparent compatibility for programs developed to correspond with old formats. Thus, improved flexibility for supporting a variety of formats developed for differing memory depths, differing resolutions, and differing color formats is realized.

Abstract: A method aspect provides a first format, the first format compatible with a format for an application program, provides a second format, the second format compatible with a format for an output device, and transforms inputs from the application program from the first format to the second format for output on the output device to provide compatibility between the application program and the output device without altering the application program.

Abstract: A method aspect provides a first format, the first format compatible with a format for an application program, provides a second format, the second format compatible with a format for an output device, and transforms inputs from the application program from the first format to the second format for output on the output device to provide compatibility between the application program and the output device without altering the application program.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method of dynamic rendering protocol for display of glyphs used in a data processor comprising the steps of listing output image formats of font scalers which can be outputted to a graphics system and listing input image formats which can be inputted to a blitter function. These input image formats and output image formats are intersected, and an ordered list of the intersecting input image formats with output image formats are generated based upon a predetermined criteria. The first of the ordered list can then be selected for use.

Abstract: A method of providing text faces to a graphics display system in a data processor. The method includes the steps of receiving a request for a text face from a graphics system and determining whether the requested text face has been saved. If the requested text face has been saved, then it is retrieved. If it has not been saved, then it is generated and saved for access by the graphics system. In this manner, a single generation of a text face is necessary. The storage of the generated text face saves the system from having to generate the same text face repeatedly.

Abstract: A system and method for increasing utilization of a system bus and frame buffer throughput in a graphic display system. The frame buffer is changed from cache inhibited mode to cached mode in order to take advantage of the burst mode of system bus in which a plurality of values are transferred to the frame buffer following one address. Data coherency is maintained between the cache and the frame buffer by invalidating a cache-line before writing to the cache-line, and by explicitly flushing the cache-line after the cache-line is filled with data.

Abstract: Hydrogen is used as the fuel source in a gas turbine combined cycle power plant. The hydrogen may be combusted in either a mixture of compressed air and steam or a mixture of pure oxygen and steam. In either case, the work of compression associated with pressurizing the oxidant for the combustion process is considerably reduced since steam, rather than excess air, is used to moderate combustion temperature, as well as to cool the turbine components. The steam is produced by transferring heat from the turbine exhaust gas to feed water. Since no hydrocarbon fuel is used, fuel bound NOx is eliminated. Moreover, if pure oxygen is used, rather than air, for the combustion of the hydrogen, then the only emission from the power plant is water vapor, which may be condensed and returned to the cycle.

Abstract: A method and system for accelerating graphics images in a computer system comprises encoding a first value information into an address signal from a CPU within the computer system and then encoding a second value information into the data signal from the CPU within the computer system. By encoding the information in this manner the location of the graphics data is unimportant. Hence, an address space of the memory can be utilized as the accelerator. In one aspect of the present invention, a span of a particular scan-line can be encoded in the address signal and the row and color information of the scan-line can be encoded in the data signal. In another embodiment, the span of a particular scan-line can be encoded in the address signal and the row, color information and intensity value information can be encoded into the data signal. The method and system uses to advantage that the main memory of the computer system has a large area which can be configured as an addressable space when rendering graphic images.

Abstract: Polluting NO.sub.x gas values are removed from off-gas of a multi-stage coal combustion process which includes an initial carbonizing reaction, firing of char from this reaction in a fluidized bed reactor, and burning of gases from the carbonizing and fluidized bed reactions in a topping combustor having a first, fuel-rich zone and a second, fuel-lean zone. The improvement by means of which NO.sub.x gases are removed is directed to introducing NO.sub.x -free oxidizing gas such as compressor air into the second, fuel-lean zone and completing combustion with this source of oxidizing gas. Excess air fed to the fluidized bed reactor is also controlled to obtain desired stoichiometry in the first, fuel-rich zone of the topping combustor.

Abstract: A combustor for burning a mixture of fuel and air in a rich combustion zone, in which the fuel bound nitrogen in converted to molecular nitrogen. The fuel rich combustion is followed by lean combustion. The products of combustion from the lean combustion are rapidly quenched so as to convert the fuel bound nitrogen to molecular nitrogen without forming NOx. The combustor has an air radial swirler that directs the air radially inward while swirling it in the circumferential direction and a radial fuel swirler that directs the fuel radially outward while swirling it in the same circumferential direction, thereby promoting vigorous mixing of the fuel and air. The air inlet has a variable flow area that is responsive to variations in the heating value of the fuel, which may be a coal-derived fuel gas. A diverging passage in the combustor in front of a bluff body causes the fuel/air mixture to recirculate with the rich combustion zone.

Abstract: A gas turbine power plant having a pressurized fluidized bed combustor and an external topping combustor. A cylindrical duct and a toroidal duct direct the flow of hot gas from the topping combustor and distribute it around the circumference of the turbine inlet. The walls of the duct are cooled by water or steam. The walls are formed by tubes, having cooling fluid passages formed therein, that extend between inlet and outlet manifolds. Elongated plate sections connect each tube to an adjacent tube so as to form a continuous gas barrier. If the walls are water cooled, the water that flows through the tubes for cooling is subsequently directed to a heat recovery steam generator, in which it is converted to steam for expansion in a steam turbine. If the walls are steam cooled, the steam is first generated in the heat recovery steam generator and then at least partially superheated by flowing through the walls.

Abstract: An improved integrated gas turbine solid oxide fuel cell system. The system has a compressor for producing compressed air that is pre-heated and then supplied to a solid oxide fuel cell generator. The solid oxide fuel cell generator, which is also supplied with a first stream of fuel, produces electrical power and a hot gas. In the solid oxide fuel cell generator, the unreacted portion of the fuel is combusted with the oxygen remaining in the hot gas to further heat the hot gas. The further heated hot gas is then directed to a topping combustor that is supplied with a second stream of fuel so as to produce a still further heated hot gas that is then expanded in a turbine.