Abstract: A split-flow nozzle for an energy beam system including a first hollow elongated sleeve and an elongated hollow electrode mounted radially interiorly of said sleeve and radially spaced apart from the sleeve to define an air gap therebetween. The hollow electrode closes one end of the sleeve and the hollow electrode has an aperture extending radially therethrough to define a fluid flow path between the interior of the electrode and the air gap between the electrode and the sleeve, so that when fluid is introduced into the hollow electrode, some of the fluid flows only through the electrode and some of the fluid flows through the electrode, through the aperture and through the air gap.

Abstract: Metallic patterns such as electrically conductive pathways are sprayed onto a metallic surface of a substrate by a high temperature flame spray process which process also is used to spray an intermediate layer of ceramic insulation onto the substrate. The patterns are formed in a template through which powdered electrically conductive material is sprayed by a spray gun and a low amperage alternating current of high voltage is applied between the substrate and the spray gun.

Abstract: A base metal is coated with a wear and impact resistant material comprising a mixture of tungsten carbide powder and nickel chrome boron powder which is spray applied by means of a stream of energy. This coating is thereafter covered by a thin layer of nitrogen-carried boric acid or boric oxide powder, forming a glossy protective film prior to fusing of the entire coating at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A laser-radio frequency system for generating a high temperature beam and for directing and modulating the combined beam at a workpiece or target. The system includes a hollow circular electrode mounted within a circular nozzle and spaced apart from the nozzle to define an annular gap. A radio frequency generator having a hollow metal coil as its tank coil is connected to the nozzle and a pressurized inert gas is fed through the tank coil into the nozzle. When the generator is activated, a coherent R.F. electron stream is emitted from the electrode and the inert gas flows along the annular gap to sheath and focus the stream into an energy beam directed toward the workpiece. A laser generator provides a laser beam through the hollow portion of the electrode which is reflected and focused onto the workpiece; therefore an algebraic summation of both electromagnetic energies is obtained at the workpiece in the non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A laser-radio frequency system for generating a high temperature beam and for directing and modulating the combined beam at a workpiece or target. The system includes a hollow circular electrode mounted within a circular nozzle and spaced apart from the nozzle to define an annular gap. A radio frequency generator having a hollow metal coil as its tank coil is connected to the nozzle and a pressurized inert gas is fed through the tank coil into the nozzle. When the generator is activated, a coherent R.F. electron stream is emitted from the electrode and the inert gas flows along the annular gap to sheath and focus the stream into an energy beam directed toward the workpiece. A laser generator provides a laser beam through the hollow portion of the electrode which is reflected and focused onto the workpiece; therefore an algebraic summation of both electromagnetic energies is obtained at the workpiece in the non-oxidizing atmosphere.