Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the decontamination of articles contaminated (or thought to be contaminated) with bioweapons, such as methods and apparatus for decontaminating articles contaminated with sporualated bioweapons. In some embodiments, the methods are methods of decontaminating an environment, for example a room or building contaminated with a bioweapon.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the decontamination of articles contaminated (or thought to be contaminated) with bioweapons, such as methods and apparatus for decontaminating articles contaminated with sporualated bioweapons. In some embodiments, the methods are methods of decontaminating an environment, for example a room or building contaminated with a bioweapon.

Abstract: Method and system for decontaminating letters and packages deposited with, collected by and forwarded by, e.g. the US Postal Service. Letters and packages are collected in a substantially microorganism impermeable but gas permeable receptacle which can be sealed and placed in a sterilizing gas atmosphere consisting of chlorine dioxide a diluent, and optionally water vapor.

Abstract: Method for producing stable sodium chlorite by pelletization of granular sodium chlorite with metal salt or salts forming hydrates with water of hydration in the pellets being more than 5% of the anhydrous weight of the sodium chlorite. Pelletized sodium chlorite can be used to produce chlorine dioxide gas by passing a dilute mixture of chlorine gas and an inert gas through a bed of the pellets.

Abstract: Method for producing stable sodium chlorite by pelletization of granular sodium chlorite with metal salt or salts forming hydrates with water of hydration in the pellets being more than 5% of the anhydrous weight of the sodium chlorite. Pelletized sodium chlorite can be used to produce chlorine dioxide gas by passing a dilute mixture of chlorine gas and an inert gas through a bed of the pellets.

Abstract: Raw water is treated with chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ammonia in various stages as it proceeds from raw water acquisition through clarification (e.g., coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration) to storage of finished water from which the treated water can be introduced into a distribution system. Chlorine dioxide can be used as a pre-oxidant or disinfectant. Chlorine can be used as a disinfectant or to react with ammonia to produce monochloramine.

Abstract: Method for producing stable sodium chlorite by pelletization of granular sodium chlorite with metal salt or salts forming hydrates with water of hydration in the pellets being more than 5% of the anhydrous weight of the sodium chlorite. Pelletized sodium chlorite can be used to produce chlorine dioxide gas by passing a dilute mixture of chlorine gas and an inert gas through a bed of the pellets.

Abstract: Gaseous mixture of chlorine dioxide and chlorine produced by reacting an inorganic acid with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chlorate by controlled introduction of the inorganic acid into the aqueous solution of alkali metal chlorate. Inorganic acid passed through a volume of alkali metal chlorate flowing through a horizontal reactor in a plug flow regime results in an enhanced gaseous mixture of chlorine dioxide, chlorine and steam that can be withdrawn as a product stream.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of or removing chlorine in a gaseous product stream from a chlorine dioxide generator by mixing gaseous ammonia or ammonia vapors with the product stream and either observing smoke generated by the reaction of ammonia with any chlorine present in the chlorine dioxide product stream or separating reaction products from the chlorine dioxide.

Abstract: Raw water is treated with chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ammonia in various stages as it proceeds from raw water acquisition through clarification (e.g., coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration) to storage of finished water from which the treated water can be introduced into a distribution system. Chlorine dioxide can be used as a pre-oxidant or disinfectant. Chlorine can be used as a disinfectant or to react with ammonia to produce monochloramine.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved process for cooling cement which comprises injecting liquid nitrogen into a pneumatic transport line used to convey the cement.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an apparatus for freezing an article under cryogenic conditions which comprises a housing encompassing an entry port, a freezing station, an exit station and an exit port being at a greater vertical elevation than the entry port and freezing station. In connection with the housing, there are means provided for transporting the article to be frozen sequentially from the entry port, entry station, through the freezing station, and then to the exit station, preferably at a rate of travel which increases as the article is being transported through the exit station. A connection is made to the housing permitting the introduction of a cryogen into the freezing station thereby maintaining such station at a cryogenic temperature.

Abstract: A process is provided for making a distinction between solid, porous materials, e.g. thermoplastics, having surfaces which are either untreated or treated to render them measurably impermeable to volatiles. The surfaces are first exposed to a high concentration of a volatile fluid which is removed after a fixed time period. The surfaces are then exposed to an environment, e.g. a vacuum, to cause the volatile fluid to back-diffuse and the fluid that back-diffuses is measured. The rate at which the fluid back-diffuses from the untreated surface is considerably greater than that of the treated surface.

Abstract: A cryogenic deflashing apparatus is provided specifically adapted to remove residual flash from relatively large molded articles in a continuous high production deflashing operation. The apparatus incorporates a modular deflashing housing wherein entry, pre-freezing, blasting, and exit of multiple articles is accomplished simultaneously in discrete serially aligned operational compartments. A novel article conveyor transport mechanism is additionally provided which permits the transport speed of the articles through the various compartments to be independently varied during operation to maximize production efficiency.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an apparatus for subjecting an article to shot blasting under cryogenic conditions which comprises a housing encompassing an entry station, an impacting station and an exit station. In connection with the housing, there are means provided for transporting an article to be shot blasted sequentially from the entry station, through the impacting station, and then to the station. A connection is made to the housing permitting the introduction of a cryogen into the impacting station thereby maintaining such station at a cryogenic temperature. The apparatus also has a means for directing media at a high velocity so as to impact upon an article to be treated while such article is being transported through the impacting station. The apparatus of the invention also functions to rotate the article while it is being transported through the impacting station, thereby permitting the stream of media to contact all critical portions of the article.

Abstract: A process for producing a flowable liquid-solid mixture by freezing a portion of a flowing liquid stream through direct contacting with a cryogen to form a "slush" comprised of discrete particles of frozen solid in the liquid stream.

Abstract: A safety apparatus for use in fluid blending and dispensing devices wherein it is essential to insure that one of the fluids to be blended be maintained below a defined maximum concentration. The apparatus comprises a single valve located in the inlet line of the fluid to be controlled, which is operable upon detection of an increase in the flow rate of the fluid to be controlled or by a decrease in the flow rate of any of the other fluids with which it is being blended.